{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T09:12:42Z","timestamp":1761901962420,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T12:20:33Z","timestamp":1672402833000},"page":"104495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Safety of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in autoimmune encephalitis: A real-world cross-sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kundian","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0014-6873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.8565","article-title":"Effect of 2 inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on symptomatic COVID-19 infection in adults: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"326","author":"Al Kaabi","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0009","article-title":"Evaluation of short-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis from Latin America","volume":"7","author":"Alonso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine","volume":"384","author":"Baden","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1708712","article-title":"Antibody-mediated encephalitis","volume":"378","author":"Dalmau","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25131","article-title":"Autoimmune encephalitis epidemiology and a comparison to infectious encephalitis","volume":"83","author":"Dubey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-220647","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases and in the general population: a multicentre study","volume":"80","author":"Furer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000958","article-title":"Long-term functional outcomes and relapse of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a cohort study in Western China","volume":"8","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflammat."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00401-9","article-title":"A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis","volume":"15","author":"Graus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103320","article-title":"COVID-19 and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"57","author":"Jovicevic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis Related Disorders"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5086","article-title":"Autoimmune encephalitis: pathophysiology and imaging review of an overlooked diagnosis","volume":"38","author":"Kelley","year":"2017","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13929","article-title":"Seizure outcomes in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a follow-up study","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17245","article-title":"Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with autoimmune encephalitis: a prospective observational registry study update","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.8","article-title":"Zettl UK. Vaccination against infection in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Loebermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3742","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15028","article-title":"Safety of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine in multiple sclerosis (MS): early experience from a tertiary MS center in Israel","volume":"28","author":"Lotan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17138","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine take-up rate and safety in adults with epilepsy: data from a multicenter study in China","volume":"63","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.036","article-title":"Vaccine hesitancy: definition, scope and determinants","volume":"33","author":"MacDonald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.11.045","article-title":"Causal relationship between immunological responses and adverse reactions following vaccination","volume":"37","author":"Nakayama","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e95","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: clinical guidance of the korean college of rheumatology","volume":"36","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577627","article-title":"Update on the management of multiple sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic and post pandemic: an international consensus statement","volume":"357","author":"Reyes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2017.151","article-title":"Vaccine-induced autoimmunity: the role of molecular mimicry and immune crossreaction","volume":"15","author":"Segal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cellular Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70310-1","article-title":"Treatment and prognostic factors for long-term outcome in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: an observational cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Titulaer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"10269","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32661-1","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK","volume":"397","author":"Voysey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6502","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc0035","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low-and middle-income countries","volume":"369","author":"Walker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0002","unstructured":"World Health Organization. COVID-19 advice for the public: getting vaccinated. https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/covid-19-vaccines\/advice.Accessed 30 May 2022."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.15543","article-title":"Effect of an inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 on safety and immunogenicity outcomes: interim analysis of 2 randomized clinical trials","volume":"324","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0023","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination willingness among people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Xiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.717111","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination attitudes with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: vaccine hesitancy and coping style","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30843-4","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18-59 years: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1\/2 clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1891002","article-title":"Inflammation-related adverse reactions following vaccination potentially indicate a stronger immune response","volume":"10","author":"Zhuang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. Microb. Infect."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034822009993?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034822009993?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T09:03:35Z","timestamp":1761901415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034822009993"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S2211034822009993"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2211-0348"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Safety of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in autoimmune encephalitis: A real-world cross-sectional survey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104495","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104495"}}