{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:47:25Z","timestamp":1783352845588,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T01:08:07Z","timestamp":1696036087000},"page":"105041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Treatment transitions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder increase risk for disease advancement"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6499-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darin T.","family":"Okuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatum M.","family":"Moog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"McCreary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katy W.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.11.022","article-title":"Evaluation of comorbidities and health care resource use among patients with highly active neuromyelitis optica","volume":"384","author":"Ajmera","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.3416","article-title":"Health disparities, inequities, and social determinants of health in multiple sclerosis and related disorders in the US: a review","volume":"78","author":"Amezcua","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102538","article-title":"Review of approved NMO therapies based on mechanism of action, efficacy and long-term effects","volume":"46","author":"Brod","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168638","article-title":"Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders","volume":"22","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"10206","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31817-3","article-title":"Inebilizumab for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (N-MOmentum): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2\/3 trial","volume":"394","author":"Cree","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0006","article-title":"The costs of care from a US claims database in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"427","author":"Exuzides","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.19-2-169","article-title":"Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"19","author":"Huda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-022-02310-z","article-title":"Health utilities and costs for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"17","author":"Hughes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e899","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000201645","article-title":"Direct health care costs associated with multiple sclerosis: a population-based cohort study in British Columbia, Canada, 2001-2020","volume":"100","author":"Khakban","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001367","article-title":"Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation NMOICC, biorepository MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update","volume":"84","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-021-00311-x","article-title":"Evaluating the economic burden of relapses in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a real-world analysis using German claims data","volume":"11","author":"Knapp","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320609","article-title":"Using gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging lesions to monitor disease activity in multiple sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"McFarland","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3595","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-11710-5","article-title":"High-efficacy therapies reduce clinical and radiological events more effectively than traditional treatments in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"270","author":"Moog","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103920","article-title":"Hiding in plain sight: the magnitude of unused disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis and strategies for reducing the economic burden of care","volume":"63","author":"Okuda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000335764.14513.1a","article-title":"Incidental MRI anomalies suggestive of multiple sclerosis: the radiologically isolated syndrome","volume":"72","author":"Okuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.13059","article-title":"Dorsal medulla surface texture: differentiating neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder from multiple sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Okuda","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1900866","article-title":"Eculizumab in aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"381","author":"Pittock","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104580","article-title":"Quantifying the economic burden to patients of relapse events from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"71","author":"Rice","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1926","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000201029","article-title":"Disease reactivation after cessation of disease-modifying therapy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"99","author":"Roos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-021-00253-4","article-title":"Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: clinical burden and cost of relapses and disease-related care in US clinical practice","volume":"10","author":"Royston","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13836","article-title":"Progress in treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD): novel insights into therapeutic possibilities in NMOSD","volume":"28","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104498","article-title":"Factors associated with the misdiagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"70","author":"Smith","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864211014389","article-title":"A window into the future? MRI for evaluation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder throughout the disease course","volume":"14","author":"Solomon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","article-title":"International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"85","author":"Wingerchuk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901747","article-title":"Trial of satralizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"381","author":"Yamamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034823005424?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034823005424?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T16:12:36Z","timestamp":1727453556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034823005424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S2211034823005424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Treatment transitions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder increase risk for disease advancement","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105041","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105041"}}