{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:28:58Z","timestamp":1793726938901,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T13:47:27Z","timestamp":1730814447000},"page":"106156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Interleukin-6 inhibitors for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9484-8365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovani","family":"Noll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Madeira","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Paulo","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe Gutierrez","family":"Pineda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmin Pican\u00e7o","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Marcarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Gabriel Mappes Reimao","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana Regina","family":"Konzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Finkelsztejn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000317","article-title":"Efficacy of the anti-IL-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab in neuromyelitis optica: a pilot study","volume":"82","author":"Araki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1221","article-title":"A graphical method for exploring heterogeneity in meta-analyses: application to a meta-analysis of 65 trials","volume":"21","author":"Baujat","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518776584","article-title":"Treating neuromyelitis optica with azathioprine: 20-year clinical practice","volume":"25","author":"Bichuetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0004","article-title":"Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: from pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies","volume":"18","author":"Carnero","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0005","article-title":"Experience with tocilizumab in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"37","author":"Carre\u00f3n","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02420-2","article-title":"Treatment regimens for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder attacks: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Demuth","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0007","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder pathophysiology","volume":"7","author":"Fujihara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol. (R) Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0008","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023) [WWW Document]","author":"Higgins","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0009","article-title":"Enhanced IL-6 production in aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica patients","volume":"120","author":"I\u00e7\u00f6z","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neuromyelitis optica","volume":"6","author":"Jarius","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-14","article-title":"Contrasting disease patterns in seropositive and seronegative neuromyelitis optica: A multicentre study of 175 patients","volume":"9","author":"Jarius","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12084","article-title":"Aquaporin-4 antibodies (NMO-IgG) as a serological marker of neuromyelitis optica: a critical review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Jarius","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02488-y","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of interleukin-6-receptor inhibitors in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Kharel","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws109","article-title":"Prognostic factors and disease course in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder from the United Kingdom and Japan","volume":"135","author":"Kitley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24554","article-title":"Neuromyelitis optica: Evaluation of 871 attacks and 1,153 treatment courses","volume":"79","author":"Kleiter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0016","article-title":"Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) - revised recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Part II: Attack therapy and long-term management","volume":"271","author":"K\u00fcmpfel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444","article-title":"Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)","volume":"33","author":"Kurtzke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061835","article-title":"Characteristic cerebrospinal fluid cytokine\/chemokine profiles in neuromyelitis optica, relapsing remitting or primary progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Matsushita","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0019","article-title":"estmeansd: Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from commonly reported quantiles in meta-analysis","author":"McGrath","year":"2022","journal-title":"R package version 1.0.0"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0020","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0021","series-title":"R: A language and Environment For Statistical Computing [WWW Document]","article-title":"R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.0533","article-title":"Long-term therapy with interleukin 6 receptor blockade in highly active neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"72","author":"Ringelstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0023","article-title":"Interleukin-6 receptor blockade in treatment-refractory MOG-IgG-associated disease and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"9","author":"Ringelstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. (R) Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008684","article-title":"Longitudinal optic neuritis-unrelated visual evoked potential changes in NMO spectrum disorders","volume":"94","author":"Ringelstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-315603","article-title":"Immunotherapies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: efficacy and predictors of response","volume":"88","author":"Stellmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0026","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0027","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102750","article-title":"Optimal management of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with aquaporin-4 antibody by oral prednisolone maintenance therapy","volume":"49","author":"Takai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0029","unstructured":"The Cochrane Collaboration., n.d. Review Manager (RevMan) Web [WWW Document]. URL revman.cochrane.org (accessed 5.24)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30078-8","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of satralizumab monotherapy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial","volume":"19","author":"Traboulsee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510379247","article-title":"Cytokine and chemokine profiles in neuromyelitis optica: significance of interleukin-6","volume":"16","author":"Uzawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103181","article-title":"Efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: An update systematic review and meta -analysis","volume":"55","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507077189","article-title":"Low-dose corticosteroids reduce relapses in neuromyelitis optica: a retrospective analysis","volume":"13","author":"Watanabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","article-title":"International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"85","author":"Wingerchuk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74","article-title":"Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica","volume":"66","author":"Wingerchuk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231199819","article-title":"Double-negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901747","article-title":"Trial of satralizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"381","author":"Yamamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104025","article-title":"Long-term safety of satralizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) from SAkuraSky and SAkuraStar","volume":"66","author":"Yamamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11364-9","article-title":"A real-world study of interleukin-6 receptor blockade in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"270","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(96)00274-6","article-title":"Measuring fatigue and other anemia-related symptoms with the functional assessment of cancer therapy (FACT) measurement system","volume":"13","author":"Yellen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30070-3","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of tocilizumab versus azathioprine in highly relapsing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (TANGO): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034824007326?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034824007326?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T18:54:43Z","timestamp":1757357683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034824007326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S2211034824007326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Interleukin-6 inhibitors for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106156","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106156"}}