{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:02:15Z","timestamp":1787738535141,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T12:13:35Z","timestamp":1737980015000},"page":"106304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["McDonald criteria application by German neurologists suggests a need for further training"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5476-9987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitar","family":"Yankov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Rauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"Wiendl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Dersch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a6cb32","article-title":"Migraine and structural changes in the brain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Bashir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1130","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006207","article-title":"Inclusion of optic nerve involvement in dissemination in space criteria for multiple sclerosis","volume":"91","author":"Brownlee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518790702","article-title":"Application of the 2017 McDonald diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis in Korean patients with clinically isolated syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Hyun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.04.006","article-title":"Identification of demyelinating lesions and application of McDonald criteria when confronted with white matter lesions on brain MRI","volume":"179","author":"Landes-Chateau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4997\/JRCPE.2015.106","article-title":"Most Scottish neurologists do not apply the 2010 McDonald criteria when diagnosing multiple sclerosis","volume":"45","author":"Lumley","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. R. Coll. Physicians Edinb."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1032","article-title":"Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"50","author":"McDonald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria","volume":"69","author":"Polman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20703","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the \u201cMcDonald Criteria\"","volume":"58","author":"Polman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.11456","article-title":"Trends in Use of Medical Imaging in US Health Care Systems and in Ontario, Canada, 2000-2016","volume":"322","author":"Smith-Bindman","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00148-5","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis: an updated consensus approach","volume":"22","author":"Solomon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003152","article-title":"The contemporary spectrum of multiple sclerosis misdiagnosis: a multicenter study","volume":"87","author":"Solomon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585211048401","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis diagnosis: knowledge gaps and opportunities for educational intervention in neurologists in the United States","volume":"28","author":"Solomon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520910496","article-title":"Challenges in multiple sclerosis diagnosis: misunderstanding and misapplication of the McDonald criteria","volume":"27","author":"Solomon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.9.1366","article-title":"Migraine is associated with magnetic resonance imaging white matter abnormalities: a meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Swartz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria","volume":"17","author":"Thompson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231199323","article-title":"Misdiagnosis in multiple sclerosis in a Brazilian reference center: clinical, radiological, laboratory profile and failures in the diagnostic process-Cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Tieppo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.2160","article-title":"Application of the 2017 revised McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis to patients with a typical clinically isolated syndrome","volume":"75","author":"van der Vuurst de Vries","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMa Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.09.016","article-title":"Alternative diagnoses in patients referred to specialized centers for suspected MS","volume":"18","author":"Yamout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585241274527","article-title":"Misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Z\u00fcrrer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034825000483?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034825000483?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T21:04:32Z","timestamp":1739480672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034825000483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S2211034825000483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"McDonald criteria application by German neurologists suggests a need for further training","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106304","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106304"}}