{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T19:25:13Z","timestamp":1777317913211,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T14:16:55Z","timestamp":1756649815000},"page":"106711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T rs1801133 genetic variant, homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in patients with multiple sclerosis: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Claudia Mara","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sayonara Rangel","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Frizon","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcell Alysson Batisti","family":"Lozovoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea Name Colado","family":"Sim\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6507-2839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edna Maria Vissoci","family":"Reiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2025.07.046","article-title":"Exploring the link of serum vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine concentrations in individuals with Multiple sclerosis: an umbrella meta-analysis of case-control studies","volume":"583","author":"Abbasi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2007.02.090","article-title":"Coagulation status and biochemical and inflammatory markers in multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Aksungar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-010-9486-y","article-title":"Inflammatory profile, age of onset, and the MTHFR polymorphism in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"44","author":"Alatab","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2024.2337519","article-title":"Genetic variants of folate metabolism and the risk of multiple sclerosis","volume":"46","author":"A\u015fc\u0131","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0006","first-page":"302","article-title":"Serum homocysteine level in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Ashtari","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Res. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0007","first-page":"479","article-title":"Homocysteine and vitamin B12 in multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Baig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biog. Amines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13217","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.22.13217","article-title":"A common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is associated with an accumulation of formylated tetrahydrofolates in red blood cells","volume":"95","author":"Bagley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.10.019","article-title":"S-adenosylhomocysteine induces inflammation through NFkB: a possible role for EZH2 in endothelial cell activation","volume":"1862","author":"Barroso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415031000115945","article-title":"Lipoprotein oxidation, plasma total antioxidant capacity and homocysteine level in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Besler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-017-0646-5","article-title":"Role of homocysteine in cognitive impairement and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Bhargava","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. Clin. Biochem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1080\/1354750X.2017.1334153","article-title":"Methionine metabolism and multiple sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Bystrick\u00e1","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2019.83829","article-title":"Relationship between genetic polymorphisms MTHFR (C677T, A1298C), MTR (A2756G) and MTRR (A66G) genes and multiple sclerosis: a case-control study","volume":"57","author":"Cakina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/JIM.0000000000000107","article-title":"Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphism with multiple sclerosis in Turkish patients","volume":"62","author":"Cevik","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)93019-2","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine concentrations and risk of coronary heart disease in UK Indian Asian and European men","volume":"355","author":"Chambers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0016","first-page":"194","article-title":"Association between polymorphisms of a folate - homocysteine - methionine - SAM metabolising enzyme gene and multiple sclerosis in a Polish population","volume":"53","author":"Chor\u0105\u017cy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Neurochir. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0017","first-page":"1412","article-title":"Association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in the extracellular matrix metalloprotease-9 gene with PACG in southern China","volume":"15","author":"Cong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.08.004","article-title":"Vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels and multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Dardiotis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2019.116630","article-title":"Immune-inflammatory, metabolic and hormonal biomarkers are associated with the clinical forms and disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis: a follow-up study","volume":"410","author":"De Carvalho Jennings Pereira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.10.1422","article-title":"Homocysteine and neurologic disease","volume":"57","author":"Diaz-Arrastia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10090637","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia and endothelial dysfunction in multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Dubchenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.030","article-title":"Cholesterol level correlate with disability score in patients with relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis","volume":"687","author":"\u010eurfinov\u00e1","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(03)00663-X","article-title":"Sadovnick AD. Genetics of multiple sclerosis","volume":"3","author":"Dyment","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0024","first-page":"142","article-title":"Thermolabile 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase as a cause of mild hyperhomocysteinemia","volume":"56","author":"Engbersen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20040867","article-title":"The contribution of homocysteine metabolism disruption to endothelial dysfunction: state-of-the-art","volume":"20","author":"Esse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2006.11283","article-title":"Homocysteine as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: should we (still) worry about?","volume":"136","author":"Faeh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Swiss. Med. Wkly."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0027","series-title":"Biochemistry","author":"Ferrier","year":"2014"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2018.1435538","article-title":"Relation of serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate to cognitive functions in multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"128","author":"Fahmy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51227","article-title":"Role of homocysteine in the development and progression of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000115161.10646.67","article-title":"Hiperhomocysteinemia, oxidative stress and cerebral vascular dysfunction","volume":"35","author":"Faraci","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.03.011","article-title":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (C677T and A1298C) polymorphisms, hyperhomocysteinemia, and ischemic stroke in Tunisian patients","volume":"22","author":"Fekih-Mrissa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2013.02.025","article-title":"Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C polymorphism but not of C677T with multiple sclerosis in Tunisian patients","volume":"115","author":"Fekih-Mrissa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-019-00456-7","article-title":"Disability in multiple sclerosis is associated with age and inflammatory, metabolic and oxidative\/nitrosative stress biomarkers: results of multivariate and machine learning procedures","volume":"34","author":"Flauzino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.11.004","article-title":"Association of MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR polymorphisms with Parkinson\u2019s disease among ethnic Chinese in Taiwan","volume":"412","author":"Fong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1614230","article-title":"Analysis of the 677 CT mutation of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene in different ethnic groups","volume":"79","author":"Franco","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0595-111","article-title":"A candidate gene risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase","volume":"10","author":"Frosst","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0038","first-page":"242","article-title":"Fasting plasma homocysteine levels are increased in young patients with acute myocardial infarction from Western India","volume":"59","author":"Ghosh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01967.x","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with epilepsy: does it play a role in the pathogenesis of brain atrophy? a preliminary report","volume":"50","author":"Gorgone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60872-6","article-title":"Effect modification by population dietary folate on the association between MTHFR genotype, homocysteine, and stroke risk: a meta-analysis of genetic studies and randomized trials","volume":"378","author":"Holmes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.4.806","article-title":"Dose-dependent effects of folic acid on blood concentrations of homocysteine: a meta-analysis of the randomized trials","volume":"82","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10416","article-title":"Multiple aspects of homocysteine neurotoxicity: glutamate excitotoxicity, kinase hyperactivation and DNA damage","volume":"70","author":"Ho","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.1997.tb00325.x","article-title":"A methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism in multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Huang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0045","first-page":"119","article-title":"methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, and other risk factors in ischemic stroke","volume":"82","author":"Huang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2014.01.008","article-title":"Genetic variants of homocysteine metabolism and multiple sclerosis: a case-control study","volume":"562","author":"Ineichen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.1.7","article-title":"Relation between folate status, a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and plasma homocysteine concentrations","volume":"93","author":"Jacques","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2016.1241782","article-title":"Processes of plasma protein N-homocysteinylation in multiple sclerosis","volume":"127","author":"Jamroz-Wisniewska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-06-2506","article-title":"Elevated levels of homocysteine compromise blood-brain barrier integrity in mice","volume":"107","author":"Kamath","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2013.07.002","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine levels in patients with multiple sclerosis in the Greek population","volume":"76","author":"Kararizou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.01.022","article-title":"The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and the various related demyelinating syndromes: a critical review","volume":"48-49","author":"Karussis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M200050-MCP200","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: an important role for post-translational modifications of myelin basic protein in pathogenesis","volume":"2","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0053","first-page":"227","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) in healthy Koreans","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Korean J. Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.33.82","article-title":"Vitamin B12 metabolism and massive-dose methyl vitamin B12 therapy in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"33","author":"Kira","year":"1994","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1177\/02601060221080240","article-title":"The relationship of cobalamin and\/or folate to the patient-centred outcomes in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Kirsty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.10.057","article-title":"The variant methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase c.1298A 9 C (p.E429A) is associated with multiple sclerosis in a German case-control study","volume":"468","author":"Klotz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7563705","article-title":"Homocysteine levels in Parkinson\u2019s disease: is entacapone effective?","author":"Kocer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2008.05.015","article-title":"Serum vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels and their association with clinical and electrophysiological parameters in multiple sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Kocer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-021-00263-0","article-title":"Homocysteine metabolism as the target for predictive medical approach, disease prevention, prognosis, and treatments tailored to the person","volume":"12","author":"Koklesova","year":"2021","journal-title":"EPMA J."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6920","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-18-06920.2000","article-title":"Homocysteine elicits a DNA damage response in neurons that promotes apoptosis and hypersensitivity to excitotoxicity","volume":"20","author":"Kruman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2005.06.019","article-title":"Plasma levels of soluble adhesion molecules sPECAM-1, sP-selectin and sE-selectin are associated with relapsing-remitting disease course of multiple sclerosis","volume":"167","author":"Kuenz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2012.03.002","article-title":"Association between MTHFR C677T and A1298C, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms and susceptibility to schizophrenia in a Syrian study cohort","volume":"5","author":"Lajin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-015-2318-7","article-title":"Meta-analysis of associations between MTHFR and GST polymorphisms and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2018.80863","article-title":"Correlations between plasma homocysteine and MTHFR gene polymorphism and white matter lesions","volume":"56","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.42058","article-title":"Serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate in patients with Multiple sclerosis: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6670","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7085303","article-title":"Homocysteine metabolism gene polymorphisms (MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G and MTRR A66G) jointly elevate the risk of folate deficiency","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1159\/000045922","article-title":"Polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene: its impact on plasma homocysteine levels and carotid atherosclerosis in ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis","volume":"87","author":"Lim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0068","first-page":"562","article-title":"Abdurasulova IN. 0","volume":"89","author":"Lioudyno","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4568145","article-title":"Association between genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and risk of autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2022","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.03.009","article-title":"Vitamin B12, demyelination, remyelination and repair in multiple sclerosis","volume":"233","author":"Miller","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2013.05.007","article-title":"vitamin B12 and folate levels in Iranian patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a case control study","volume":"115","author":"Moghaddasi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(01)00365-7","article-title":"Folic acid and homocysteine in age-related disease","volume":"1","author":"Mattson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e135","DOI":"10.15190\/d.2021.14","article-title":"Homocysteine as a predictor tool in multiple sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Mititelu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Discoveries"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0074","first-page":"87","article-title":"Association between MTHFR genetic variants and multiple sclerosis in a southern Iranian population","volume":"4","author":"Naghibalhossaini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Cell Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0075","first-page":"286","article-title":"Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Multiple Sclerosis; Is there Any Association?","volume":"3","author":"Najafi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.11.951","article-title":"Vitamin B12 and folate concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurological patients with special reference to multiple sclerosis and dementia","volume":"53","author":"Nijst","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0077","article-title":"Homocysteine plasma levels in young patients with coronary artery disease. Relation to history of acute myocardial infarction and anatomical extent of disease","volume":"103","author":"Nikfardjam","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt154","article-title":"Meta-analyses of blood homocysteine levels for gender and genetic association studies of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in schizophrenia","volume":"40","author":"Nishi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009283431307","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"343","author":"Noseworthy","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI58649","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"122","author":"Nylander","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-018-0224-4","article-title":"Elevated plasma homocysteine levels are associated with disability progression in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"33","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1610","article-title":"Rate of T alleles and TT genotype at MTHFR 677C->T locus or C alleles and CC genotype at MTHFR 1298A->C locus among healthy subjects in Turkey: impact on homocysteine and folic acid status and reference intervals","volume":"27","author":"Ozarda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Funct."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003583","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"18","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.101395","article-title":"vitamin B12, and folate levels in patients with multiple sclerosis in Chinese population: a case-control study and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0085","first-page":"15","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for the neuronal system disorders","volume":"65","author":"Petras","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4562","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124562","article-title":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR), the one-carbon cycle, and cardiovascular risks","volume":"13","author":"Raghubeer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.072199","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine levels in multiple sclerosis","volume":"77","author":"Ramsaransing","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1992.00530300089014","article-title":"Vitamin B12 metabolism in multiple sclerosis","volume":"49","author":"Reynolds","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70598-1","article-title":"Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system","volume":"5","author":"Reynolds","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.105883","article-title":"The effects of the MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) genetic variant on susceptibility and disability worsening in multiple sclerosis patients are mediated by homocysteine","volume":"91","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540240025007","article-title":"Serum homocysteine levels in multiple sclerosis","volume":"51","author":"R\u00edo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-007-0668-7","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis","volume":"255","author":"Russo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0093","first-page":"93","article-title":"Vitamin B12 and its relationship to age of onset of multiple sclerosis","volume":"71","author":"Sandyk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458506075503","article-title":"Increased plasma homocysteine levels in multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Sahin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-19","article-title":"Blood lipids, homocysteine, stress factors, and vitamins in clinically stable multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"9","author":"Salemi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.19.1.217","article-title":"Homocysteine metabolism","volume":"19","author":"Selhub","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2006-9404","article-title":"Elevated plasma homocysteine levels: risk factors or risk marker for the development of dementia and Alzheimer\u2018s disease?","volume":"9","author":"Seshadri","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0098","first-page":"747","article-title":"Effect of homocysteine on survival of human glial cells","volume":"64","author":"Skovierov\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy209","article-title":"The 677C\u2192T variant of MTHFR is the major genetic modifier of biomarkers of folate status in a young, healthy Irish population","volume":"108","author":"Shane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12424","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia: impact on neurodegenerative diseases basic","volume":"117","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527311312010016","article-title":"The prevalence of the classical and non-classical cardiovascular risk factors in multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"12","author":"Sternberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.1.25","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in Finland: incidence trends and differences in relapsing remitting and primary progressive disease courses","volume":"74","author":"Sumelahti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2006.01.005","article-title":"Genetic investigation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) in multiple sclerosis","volume":"69","author":"Tajouri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.151555","article-title":"Serum homocysteine levels in relation to clinical progression in multiple sclerosis","volume":"79","author":"Teunissen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-859X-7-17","article-title":"Increased plasma homocysteine levels in patients with multiple sclerosis and depression","volume":"7","author":"Triantafyllou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01675-8","article-title":"Biological and clinical implications of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism","volume":"22","author":"Ueland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458503ms918oa","article-title":"Increased plasma homocysteine levels without signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis assessed by blood and cerebrospinal fluid homocysteine and methylmalonic acid","volume":"9","author":"Vrethem","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14853","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261469998","article-title":"Effects of common polymorphisms on the properties of recombinant human methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase","volume":"98","author":"Yamada","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67288-9","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine concentration is associated with the expression level of folate receptor 3","volume":"10","author":"Yoshitomi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2018.03.012","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction, endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability, tetrahydrobiopterin, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in cardiovascular disease. where are we with therapy?","volume":"119","author":"Yuyun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.1998.2714","article-title":"A second genetic polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) associated with decreased enzyme activity","volume":"64","author":"Weisberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol. Gen. Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201600351","article-title":"Influence of food groups on plasma total homocysteine for specific MTHFR C677T genotypes in Chinese population","volume":"61","author":"Zeng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6464-z","article-title":"Elevated plasma homocysteine levels in patients with multiple sclerosis are associated with male gender","volume":"259","author":"Zoccolella","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.12.022","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between homocysteine, vitamin B(1)(2), folate, and multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034825004535?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034825004535?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T23:17:57Z","timestamp":1774999077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034825004535"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":111,"alternative-id":["S2211034825004535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T rs1801133 genetic variant, homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in patients with multiple sclerosis: a scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106711","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106711"}}