{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:57:50Z","timestamp":1790632670148,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007613","name":"Ankara Universitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007614","name":"Ankara University Graduate School of Biotechnology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20L0241001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20L0241001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T19:05:55Z","timestamp":1761678355000},"page":"106811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effect of a gluten-free diet on serum lipopolysaccharide levels and disease progression in multiple sclerosis patients: A 6\u2013month longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0418-7282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezgi","family":"Karata\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9724-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asl\u0131","family":"U\u00e7ar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4590-6423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ay\u015fe Nur","family":"Y\u00fcceyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4505-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilek","family":"Ta\u015fk\u0131ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7953-0378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meltem","family":"Baklan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0001","series-title":"T\u00fcrk Mutfa\u011f\u0131ndan \u00d6rnekler (3. Bask\u0131)","author":"Baysal","year":"2000"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1598","article-title":"Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Central Europe, update from Hungary","volume":"10","author":"Biernacki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0003","first-page":"377","article-title":"Effects of nutrients (in food) on the structure and function of the nervous system: update on dietary requirements for brain. Part 1: micronutrients","volume":"10","author":"Bourre","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0004","first-page":"386","article-title":"Effects of nutrients (in food) on the structure and function of the nervous system: update on dietary requirements for brain. Part 2: macronutrients","volume":"10","author":"Bourre","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37344","article-title":"Brain microbiota disruption within inflammatory demyelinating lesions in multiple sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Branton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2017-039","article-title":"Impact of nutritional intake on function in people with mild-to-moderate multiple sclerosis","volume":"21","author":"Bromley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. MS Care"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231208330","article-title":"A low-fat diet improves fatigue in multiple sclerosis: results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Chase","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0008","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis patients have a distinct gut microbiota compared to healthy controls","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004768","article-title":"Diet quality is associated with disability and symptom severity in multiple sclerosis","volume":"90","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.02.019","article-title":"A survey of dietary characteristics in a large population of people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13061739","article-title":"Waist circumference and body mass index as predictors of disability progression in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Giannopapas","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0012","first-page":"279","article-title":"Favourable clinical and MRI evolution of a patient with multiple sclerosis and coeliac disease, treated with a gluten-free diet","author":"Hernandez-Lahoz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0013","first-page":"355","article-title":"Food intake in multiple sclerosis","volume":"38","author":"Hewson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hum. Nutr. Appl. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13506","article-title":"Consistent increase in the prevalence and female ratio of multiple sclerosis over 15 years in northern Japan","volume":"25","author":"Houzen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-9-65","article-title":"Gut microbiota and lipopolysaccharide content of the diet influence development of regulatory T cells: studies in germ-free mice","volume":"9","author":"Hrncir","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.06.057","article-title":"Gliadin stimulates human monocytes to production of IL-8 and TNF-alpha through a mechanism involving NF-kappaB","volume":"571","author":"Jelinkova","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2018.05.021","article-title":"Update of the healthy eating index: HEI-2015","volume":"118","author":"Krebs-Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutri. Dietet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2024.578432","article-title":"Fibrinolysis associated proteins and lipopolysaccharide bioactivity in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis","volume":"395","author":"Lehikoinen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.14218\/JTG.2023.00060","article-title":"Gluten is a proinflammatory inducer of autoimmunity","volume":"2","author":"Lerner","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transl. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.11.010","article-title":"Health benefits of fermented foods: microbiota and beyond","volume":"44","author":"Marco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cf6ec0","article-title":"The rising prevalence and changing age distribution of multiple sclerosis in Manitoba","volume":"74","author":"Marrie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-14-58","article-title":"Systematic literature review and validity evaluation of the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and the multiple sclerosis functional composite (MSFC) in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Meyer-Moock","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070705","article-title":"Adherence to a gluten free diet is associated with receiving gluten free foods on prescription and understanding food labelling","volume":"9","author":"Muhammad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5956","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2024.2434725","article-title":"Dietary legumes and gut microbiome: a comprehensive review","volume":"65","author":"\u00d6zdemir","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1177\/15598276211049345","article-title":"Gluten, inflammation, and neurodegeneration","volume":"16","author":"Philip","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Lifestyle Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106553","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis is associated with worse body composition across compartments: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Pilutti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0026","unstructured":"Rak\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu, N., Tek, N., Ayaz, A., Pekcan, A., 2010. Yemek ve besin foto\u011fraf katalo\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve miktarlar."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2011.06.006","article-title":"The molecular basis of nutritional intervention in multiple sclerosis: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Riccio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Complement. Ther. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0028","first-page":"1","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial comparing the efficacy of a gluten-free diet versus a regular diet in a series of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"1","author":"Rodrigo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurol. Neurother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01391","article-title":"Immunological and clinical effect of diet modulation of the gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis patients: a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Saresella","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4352","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124352","article-title":"Diet quality assessment in wheelchair users with multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Silveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0031","article-title":"Dairy and gluten in disease activity in multiple sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Temperley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J.\u2013Exp. Transl. Clin."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1097\/01376517-199906000-00004","article-title":"Eating patterns in women with multiple sclerosis","volume":"31","author":"Timmerman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.103237","article-title":"Dietary intake and characteristics in persons with multiple sclerosis","volume":"56","author":"Venasse","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26010298","article-title":"Association of baseline lipopolysaccharide-binding protein with expanded disability status score dynamics in patients with relapsing\u2013remitting multiple sclerosis: a pilot study","volume":"26","author":"Vilmane","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.06.029","article-title":"Ketogenic diet in relapsing multiple sclerosis: patient perceptions, post-trial diet adherence & outcomes","volume":"42","author":"Wetmore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.07.001","article-title":"Low-fat, plant-based diet in multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Yadav","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221103482500553X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221103482500553X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T03:37:15Z","timestamp":1784345835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221103482500553X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S221103482500553X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of a gluten-free diet on serum lipopolysaccharide levels and disease progression in multiple sclerosis patients: A 6\u2013month longitudinal study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106811","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106811"}}