{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T07:56:04Z","timestamp":1781510164525,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001350","name":"Ministry of Health -Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSAINV24jul-0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSAINV24jul-0004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T16:15:32Z","timestamp":1765210532000},"page":"106924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy of a fixed-interval, body surface area-adjusted rituximab regimen in Singaporean patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Jeanne May May","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanushiree","family":"Sivalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Yi Jie","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janis Siew Noi","family":"Tye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia Yun Yi","family":"Aw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel Wan En","family":"Siew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejuan","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ehsan","family":"Saffari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianrong","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00431-8","article-title":"Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: international MOGAD Panel proposed criteria","volume":"22","author":"Banwell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0016","first-page":"e2504","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness and safety of Rituximab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum disorder and MOG antibody Disease","volume":"99","author":"Barreras","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurolog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10362-z","article-title":"Rituximab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review","volume":"269","author":"Chisari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200152","article-title":"Efficacy of Rituximab outlasts B-cell repopulation in multiple sclerosis: time to rethink dosing?","volume":"10","author":"Claverie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31817-3","article-title":"Inebilizumab for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (N-MOmentum): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2\/3 trial","volume":"394","author":"Cree","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.1637","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Rituximab Therapy in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Damato","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMa Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11197-6","article-title":"Early B cells repopulation in multiple sclerosis patients treated with rituximab is not predictive of a risk of relapse or clinical progression","volume":"269","author":"Dorcet","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25648","article-title":"Comparison of the response to Rituximab between myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 antibody diseases","volume":"87","author":"Durozard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e463","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000463","article-title":"Monitoring B-cell repopulation after depletion therapy in neurologic patients","volume":"5","author":"Ellwardt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286420987031","article-title":"Health economics of disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis in the United States","volume":"14","author":"Hartung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706383","article-title":"B-cell depletion with rituximab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"358","author":"Hauser","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1601277","article-title":"Ocrelizumab versus interferon beta-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"376","author":"Hauser","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1917246","article-title":"Ofatumumab versus Teriflunomide in Multiple sclerosis","volume":"383","author":"Hauser","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.154","article-title":"Repeated treatment with rituximab based on the assessment of peripheral circulating memory B cells in patients with relapsing neuromyelitis optica over 2 years","volume":"68","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.3071","article-title":"A 5-year follow-up of rituximab treatment in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"70","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMa Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1276","article-title":"Treatment outcomes with Rituximab in 100 patients with neuromyelitis Optica: influence of FCGR3A polymorphisms on the therapeutic response to Rituximab","volume":"72","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMa Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2018.11.022","article-title":"Individualized B cell-targeting therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","volume":"130","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65575-3","article-title":"A comparison of multiple sclerosis disease characteristics across three genetically diverse Asian racial groups in Singapore","volume":"14","author":"Koh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200211","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis, Rituximab, hypogammaglobulinemia, and risk of infections","volume":"11","author":"Langer-Gould","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-018-0101-4","article-title":"Only follow-up of memory B cells helps monitor Rituximab administration to patients with Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorders","volume":"7","author":"Lebrun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606468","article-title":"Ocrelizumab versus Placebo in primary progressive Multiple sclerosis","volume":"376","author":"Montalban","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51732","article-title":"Real-world evaluation of ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Montalban","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200275","article-title":"MOG CNS autoimmunity and MOGAD","volume":"11","author":"Moseley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-09-380949","article-title":"The role of sex and weight on rituximab clearance and serum elimination half-life in elderly patients with DLBCL","volume":"119","author":"Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.12.011","article-title":"Transient increases in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody titers following rituximab treatment in neuromyelitis optica, in association with elevated serum BAFF levels","volume":"18","author":"Nakashima","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000061","article-title":"Disease exacerbation after rituximab induction in neuromyelitis optica","volume":"2","author":"Perumal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2020.102186","article-title":"BMI influences CD20 kinetics in multiple sclerosis patients treated with ocrelizumab","volume":"43","author":"Signoriello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200056","article-title":"Sustained low relapse rate with highly variable B-cell repopulation dynamics with extended rituximab dosing intervals in multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Starvaggi Cucuzza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2201904","article-title":"Ublituximab versus Teriflunomide in relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"387","author":"Steinman","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30066-1","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (RIN-1 study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Tahara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/ncn3.12479","article-title":"Central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases and neuroimmunology in Singapore\u2014Epidemiology and evolution of an emerging subspecialty","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria","volume":"17","author":"Thompson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.105555","article-title":"Multi-actor system dynamics in access to disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis in Southeast Asia: a regional survey and suggestions for improvement","volume":"85","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","article-title":"International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"85","author":"Wingerchuk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034825006625?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034825006625?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T07:48:07Z","timestamp":1781509687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034825006625"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S2211034825006625"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy of a fixed-interval, body surface area-adjusted rituximab regimen in Singaporean patients with CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2025.106924","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106924"}}