{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:58:58Z","timestamp":1792468738633,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008486","name":"Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008486","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T06:55:38Z","timestamp":1778050538000},"page":"107239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Incidence of multiple sclerosis in Switzerland \u2013 results from the Swiss multiple sclerosis registry"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5808-9026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Iaquinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jannis","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Salmen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Kuhle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Staniki\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian P.","family":"Kamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Baum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrg","family":"Kesselring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Zecca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Rapold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr","family":"Yaldizli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabin","family":"Ammann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milo Alan","family":"Puhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"von Wyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.104585","article-title":"Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Campania Region (Italy): derivation and validation of an algorithm to calculate the 2015-2020 incidence","volume":"71","author":"Affinito","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108599","article-title":"High nationwide incidence of multiple sclerosis in Sweden. Laks J, editor","volume":"9","author":"Ahlgren","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000316802.35974.34","article-title":"Temporal trends in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review","volume":"71","author":"Alonso","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1159\/000110353","article-title":"High prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Switzerland","volume":"13","author":"Beer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S143180","article-title":"Epidemiology and costs of multiple sclerosis in Switzerland: an analysis of health-care claims data, 2011&ndash;2015","volume":"13","author":"Blozik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/0778-7367-71-10","article-title":"Improved benchmark-multiplier method to estimate the prevalence of ever-injecting drug use in Belgium, 2000\u201310","volume":"71","author":"Bollaerts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507077938","article-title":"Increasing incidence of multiple sclerosis among women in Lorraine, Eastern France","volume":"13","author":"Debouverie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2009.07.012","article-title":"Gender as a prognostic factor and its impact on the incidence of multiple sclerosis in Lorraine, France","volume":"286","author":"Debouverie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511433305","article-title":"National estimate of multiple sclerosis incidence in France (2001\u20132007)","volume":"18","author":"Fromont","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq134","article-title":"Geographic variations of multiple sclerosis in France","volume":"133","author":"Fromont","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-309906","article-title":"A 60-year follow-up of the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Hordaland County, Western Norway","author":"Grytten","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-12047-9","article-title":"Increasing age of multiple sclerosis onset from 1920 to 2022: a population-based study","volume":"271","author":"Habbestad","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016149","article-title":"Smoking and multiple sclerosis: an updated meta-analysis. Jacobson S, editor","volume":"6","author":"Handel","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-013-9853-4","article-title":"Smoking and multiple sclerosis susceptibility","volume":"28","author":"Hedstr\u00f6m","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0021","first-page":"awae245","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in Denmark (1950\u20132023): mean age, sex distribution, incidence and prevalence","author":"Holm","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000542632","article-title":"Rising Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Switzerland - Results from the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry","author":"Iaquinto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0023","article-title":"Factors associated with time from first-symptoms to diagnosis and treatment initiation of Multiple Sclerosis in Switzerland","volume":"4","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J. - Exp. Transl. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00953","article-title":"A framework for estimating the burden of chronic diseases: design and application in the context of multiple Sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-13-128","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Europe: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Kingwell","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70064-8","article-title":"The changing demographic pattern of multiple sclerosis epidemiology","volume":"9","author":"Koch-Henriksen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103932","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis incidence: a systematic review of change over time by geographical region","volume":"63","author":"Lane","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513481397","article-title":"Reproduction and the risk of multiple sclerosis","volume":"19","author":"Magyari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13083","article-title":"Age-dependent variation of female preponderance across different phenotypes of multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cross-sectional study","volume":"25","author":"Miclea","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther,"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31824c4648","article-title":"Offspring number, pregnancy, and risk of a first clinical demyelinating event: the AusImmune Study","volume":"78","author":"Ponsonby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-329049","article-title":"Shift of multiple sclerosis onset towards older age","volume":"93","author":"Prosperini","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2018.14623","article-title":"A digitally facilitated citizen-science driven approach accelerates participant recruitment and increases study population diversity","author":"Puhan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0033","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [Internet]","year":"2020"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0034","article-title":"Temporal trends in multiple sclerosis prevalence and incidence in a large population","volume":"90","author":"Rotstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology [Internet]"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2015.106","article-title":"MAGNIMS consensus guidelines on the use of MRI in multiple sclerosis\u2014clinical implementation in the diagnostic process","volume":"11","author":"Rovira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol.."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0036","series-title":"RStudio: Integrated Development Environment for R [Internet]","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000701","article-title":"Age and the risks of high-efficacy disease modifying drugs in multiple sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Schweitzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-320189","article-title":"Latitude continues to be significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple sclerosis: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"90","author":"Simpson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21464","article-title":"Will Rogers phenomenon in multiple sclerosis","volume":"64","author":"Sormani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-018-1118-0","article-title":"The Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry (SMSR): study protocol of a participatory, nationwide registry to promote epidemiological and patient-centered MS research","volume":"18","author":"Steinemann","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0042","unstructured":"The Multiple Sclerosis International Federation (MSIF). Atlas of MS 3rd edition. 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria","volume":"17","author":"Thompson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585231197076","article-title":"Diagnostic delay of multiple sclerosis: prevalence, determinants and consequences","volume":"29","author":"Uher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520970841","article-title":"Rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis worldwide: Insights from the Atlas of MS, third edition","volume":"26","author":"Walton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Houndmills Basingstoke Engl."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034826002750?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034826002750?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T03:40:56Z","timestamp":1780976456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034826002750"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S2211034826002750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Incidence of multiple sclerosis in Switzerland \u2013 results from the Swiss multiple sclerosis registry","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107239","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107239"}}