{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T09:26:22Z","timestamp":1793957182975,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","msard-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:59:58Z","timestamp":1787756398000},"page":"107881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Long-term efficacy and safety of ublituximab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: A critical review of medical literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8253-5709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Ariyaei","family":"Motahar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ali","family":"Sahraian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4194-8104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Minagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105009","article-title":"Secondary hypogammaglobulinemia in patients with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 therapy: pathogenesis, risk of infection, and disease management","volume":"79","author":"Alvarez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1473284","article-title":"Improvements in no evidence of disease activity with ublituximab vs. teriflunomide in the ULTIMATE phase 3 studies in relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Alvarez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.17116\/jnevro202312307243","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of antiCD20 monoclonal antibody divozilimab during 48-week treatment of multiple sclerosis patients in randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial BCD-132-4\/MIRANTIBUS","volume":"123","author":"An","year":"2023","journal-title":"SS Korsakov J. Neurol. Psychiatry."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.17116\/jnevro202512507251","article-title":"Results of 4 years of therapy with divozilimab in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"125","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"SS Korsakov J. Neurol. Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2021.08.003","article-title":"The comparative efficacy and safety of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Asha","year":"2021","journal-title":"IBRo Neurosci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4909","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000001184","article-title":"Briumvi: a breakthrough in the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis: a review","volume":"85","author":"Azhar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105400","article-title":"Neutropenia following immune-depletion, notably CD20 targeting, therapies in multiple sclerosis","volume":"82","author":"Baker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02011-w","article-title":"Drugs targeting CD20 in multiple sclerosis: pharmacology, efficacy, safety, and tolerability","volume":"84","author":"Carlson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0035","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of Ublitixumab versus Natalizumab in the treatment of relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis","volume":"17","author":"Chitturi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-025-01182-8","article-title":"The evolution of anti-CD20 treatment for multiple sclerosis: optimization of antibody characteristics and function","volume":"39","author":"Cree","year":"2025","journal-title":"CNS. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1004795","article-title":"Anti-CD20 therapies in multiple sclerosis: from pathology to the clinic","volume":"14","author":"de S\u00e8ze","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-023-12007-3","article-title":"Key characteristics of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and clinical implications for multiple sclerosis treatment","volume":"271","author":"Delgado","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2022.2143262","article-title":"The ULTIMATE trials: are there advantages of ublituximab over teriflunomide in relapsing multiple sclerosis?","volume":"22","author":"Doggrell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0026","series-title":"Poster P0329 presented at: 40th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of ublituximab after transitioning from a different disease-modifying therapy: updates from the ENHANCE study","author":"Foley","year":"2024"},{"issue":"7_Supplement_1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4799","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000211930","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a modified Ublituximab regimen (ENHANCE) (P11-1.009)","volume":"104","author":"Foley","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458520918375","article-title":"A phase 2 multicenter study of ublituximab, a novel glycoengineered anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Fox","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Houndmills Basingstoke Engl."},{"issue":"7_Supplement_1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4773","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000211909","article-title":"ENABLE: the first phase 4 observational study for patients with relapsing MS treated with Ublituximab in real world clinical setting (P7-1.014)","volume":"104","author":"Fox","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7_Supplement_1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5121","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000212153","article-title":"Retrospective evaluation of infusion tolerability: ublituximab real-world observational Survey (ENAMOR) (P7-1.015)","volume":"104","author":"Fox","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-020-00212-5","article-title":"A systematic review and mixed treatment comparison of pharmaceutical interventions for multiple sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Giovannoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16050770","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies in pregnancy and breastfeeding in patients with multiple sclerosis: a review and an updated clinical guide","volume":"16","author":"Gklinos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0047","article-title":"Safety of 30-min ublituximab infusions confirmed","author":"Goossens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med. Conf."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1917246","article-title":"Ofatumumab versus Teriflunomide in Multiple sclerosis","volume":"383","author":"Hauser","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1601277","article-title":"Ocrelizumab versus interferon beta-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"376","author":"Hauser","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1177\/13524585221079731","article-title":"Safety experience with continued exposure to ofatumumab in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis for up to 3.5 years","volume":"28","author":"Hauser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012700","article-title":"Safety of Ocrelizumab in patients with relapsing and primary progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"97","author":"Hauser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2023.2268842","article-title":"Ublituximab-xiiy as a treatment option for relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Jakimovski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Neurother"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5857","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-025-03391-5","article-title":"Real-world perspectives on switching patients with multiple sclerosis from Anti-CD20 therapy to cladribine tablets from USA-based Advanced Practice providers: a podcast","volume":"42","author":"Kutz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.240","article-title":"Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of the optimized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody ublituximab on chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with the 17p deletion","volume":"28","author":"Le Garff-Tavernier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01854-z","article-title":"Ublituximab: first approval","volume":"83","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-025-02019-6","article-title":"Real-world safety assessment of ublituximab: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system","volume":"47","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharm."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.2174\/011570159X392955250815095236","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of Ublituximab compared with other anti-Cd20 monoclonal antibodies for multiple sclerosis treatment","volume":"24","author":"Margoni","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10744-x","article-title":"Anti-CD20 therapies for multiple sclerosis: current status and future perspectives","volume":"269","author":"Margoni","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S388410","article-title":"Evaluating the therapeutic potential of Ublituximab in the treatment of MS: design, development and place in therapy","volume":"Volume 18","author":"Martin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1479476","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and tolerability of ublituximab vs. other monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"15","author":"Moloney","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606468","article-title":"Ocrelizumab versus placebo in primary progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"376","author":"Montalban","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.187","article-title":"Interactions between genetic, lifestyle and environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Olsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104400","article-title":"Infection risk in a real-world cohort of patients treated with long-term B-cell depletion for autoimmune neurologic disease","volume":"68","author":"Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-025-13442-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ublituximab for relapsing multiple sclerosis patients: current evidence and expert opinion","volume":"272","author":"Preziosa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0020","article-title":"Drug trials snapshots: BRIUMVI","year":"2023","journal-title":"FDA [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2025.2574668","article-title":"Hypogammaglobulinemia and infections in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","author":"Scavone","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert. Opin. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2201904","article-title":"Ublituximab versus Teriflunomide in relapsing multiple sclerosis","volume":"387","author":"Steinman","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0021","series-title":"Long-term Efficacy and Safety of Ublituximab in Relapsing Multiple sclerosis: Results from 6 Years of ULTIMATE I and II Open-Label Extension [Internet]","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0044","series-title":"Neutralizing Antibodies and Antidrug Antibodies in the Ublituximab Phase 3 ULTIMATE I & II studies in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis [Internet]","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0045","series-title":"Ublituximab Efficacy Outcomes in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Patient Subgroups in the ULTIMATE I and II Studies [Internet]","year":"2025"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881_bib0039","first-page":"117","article-title":"Ublituximab: a novel anti-CD20 therapy for multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Wolf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Touch Rev. Neurol."}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034826009168?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2211034826009168?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T08:37:23Z","timestamp":1793954243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2211034826009168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S2211034826009168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-0348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-0348","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-term efficacy and safety of ublituximab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: A critical review of medical literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msard.2026.107881","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107881"}}