{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T06:01:03Z","timestamp":1790316063890,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"NextGenerationEU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUP D82B23003790008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP D82B23003790008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","mskscienceandpractice.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Musculoskeletal Science and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T05:49:29Z","timestamp":1787464169000},"page":"103641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Osteoarthritis pain masterclass: Moving beyond structure to mechanism-based clinical reasoning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Pedersini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1623-7681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Rossettini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Hugo","family":"Villafa\u00f1e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-9-116","article-title":"The discordance between clinical and radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a systematic search and summary of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Bedson","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Muscoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39842","article-title":"Review: metabolic regulation of inflammation in osteoarthritis","volume":"69","author":"Berenbaum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0073-x","article-title":"Modern-day environmental factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"14","author":"Berenbaum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2008.09.001","article-title":"The mechanisms of manual therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a comprehensive model","volume":"14","author":"Bialosky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Man. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22609","article-title":"Sleep, pain catastrophizing, and central sensitization in knee osteoarthritis patients with and without insomnia","volume":"67","author":"Campbell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2026.13407","article-title":"The effectiveness of Patient education and self-management Program on pain and disability among adult patients with osteoarthritis: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"56","author":"Chan","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030702","article-title":"Do nutritional factors interact with chronic musculoskeletal pain? A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Elma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34646","article-title":"Discordance between pain and radiographic severity in knee osteoarthritis: findings from quantitative sensory testing of central sensitization","volume":"65","author":"Finan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.02.163","article-title":"Pain sensitization in people with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Fingleton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e508","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00163-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2023.05.015","article-title":"Recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines","volume":"31","author":"Gibbs","year":"2023","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib12","article-title":"Effectiveness of quadriceps strength training in adults with knee osteoarthritis: a systematized review","volume":"23","author":"Hegde","year":"2025","journal-title":"Muscoskel. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e786","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-24-00509","article-title":"The discordance between pain and imaging in knee osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Hill","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24434","article-title":"Guidance for implementing best practice therapeutic exercise for patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis: what does the Current evidence base tell Us?","volume":"73","author":"Holden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-014-9571-8","article-title":"The avoidance model in knee and hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review of the evidence","volume":"37","author":"Holla","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32230-3","article-title":"Osteoarthritis in 2020 and beyond: a Lancet Commission","volume":"396","author":"Hunter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib17","article-title":"Muscle strength is a key predictor of physical function in advanced knee osteoarthritis","volume":"78","author":"Izadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38290","article-title":"Impact of exercise type and dose on pain and disability in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"66","author":"Juhl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0319586","article-title":"The mechanisms of manual therapy: a living review of systematic, narrative, and scoping reviews","volume":"20","author":"Keter","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41142","article-title":"2019 American College of Rheumatology\/Arthritis Foundation Guideline for the management of osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee","volume":"72","author":"Kolasinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S50","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003305","article-title":"The concept of nociplastic pain-where to from here?","volume":"165","author":"Kosek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002324","article-title":"Chronic nociplastic pain affecting the musculoskeletal system: clinical criteria and grading system","volume":"162","author":"Kosek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib23","article-title":"The relationship between central sensitization and activity limitation in patients with knee osteoarthritis:the mediating role of pain catastrophizing","volume":"77","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib24","article-title":"Association between pain catastrophizing and sarcopenia in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"82","author":"Liang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib25","article-title":"Short-term interventions for systemic inflammation and pain in knee osteoarthritis: a broader perspective","volume":"83","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2025.100738","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of sleep disorders in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Mathieu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.04.011","article-title":"Hand osteoarthritis phenotypes based on a biopsychosocial approach, and their associations with cross-sectional and longitudinal pain","volume":"32","author":"Mulrooney","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2844","article-title":"Association between radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis and pain: results from two cohort studies","volume":"339","author":"Neogi","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib29","article-title":"Vigorous physical activity shows the most consistent association with quality of life compared with smoking and body mass in adults with osteoarthritis and hip and\/or knee pain: a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"83","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Cort\u00e9s","year":"2026","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib30","series-title":"Osteoarthritis in over 16s: Diagnosis and Management","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib31","article-title":"Understanding the biopsychosocial knee osteoarthritis pain experience: an ecological momentary assessment","volume":"9","author":"Overton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-018-0796-3","article-title":"Clinical perspective on pain and pain phenotypes in osteoarthritis","volume":"20","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.04.003","article-title":"\u201cAcute flare-ups\u201d in patients with, or at high risk of, knee osteoarthritis: a daily diary study with case-crossover analysis","volume":"27","author":"Parry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/TGR.0000000000000504","article-title":"Understanding pain in osteoarthritis: a clinical framework based on the biopsychosocial model","volume":"42","author":"Pedersini","year":"2026","journal-title":"Top. Geriatr. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/19476035221087698","article-title":"High prevalence of pain sensitization in knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis with meta-regression","volume":"13","author":"Previtali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Beyond joint damage: mechanistic insights into osteoarthritis pain","author":"Rossettini","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pain Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2022.11062","article-title":"The benefits of adding manual therapy to exercise therapy for improving pain and function in patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Runge","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2023.100433","article-title":"Pain-phenotyping in osteoarthritis: current concepts, evidence, and considerations towards a comprehensive framework for assessment and treatment","volume":"6","author":"Saxer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2023.101836","article-title":"The burden of osteoarthritis: is it a rising problem?","volume":"37","author":"Scheuing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib40","article-title":"The person-centered hypothesis framework: advancing clinical reasoning in musculoskeletal pain management","volume":"80","author":"Shepherd","year":"2025","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.2519\/josptopen.2025.0198","article-title":"The pain of poor sleep: a clinician's guide to assessing and addressing sleep dysfunction in people with musculoskeletal pain conditions","volume":"4","author":"Shepherd","year":"2026","journal-title":"JOSPT Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25391","article-title":"How does osteoarthritis education influence knowledge, beliefs, and behavior in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis? A systematic review","volume":"76","author":"Simick Behera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6194","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19106194","article-title":"Effects of patient education on pain and function and its impact on conservative treatment in elderly patients with pain related to hip and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Sinatti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"issue":"Suppl. 120","key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib44","first-page":"112","article-title":"Physical therapy for patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis: supervised, active treatment is current best practice","volume":"37","author":"Skou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05047-9","article-title":"Does aerobic exercise effect pain sensitisation in individuals with musculoskeletal pain? A systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Muscoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-025-00594-6","article-title":"Osteoarthritis","volume":"11","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz187","article-title":"Pain catastrophizing and arthritis self-efficacy as mediators of sleep disturbance and Osteoarthritis Symptom severity","volume":"21","author":"Tighe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib48","first-page":"96","article-title":"Preface: chronic musculoskeletal pain: a biopsychosocial approach","volume":"42","author":"Villafa\u00f1e","year":"2024","journal-title":"Top. Geriatr. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.02.836","article-title":"Exploring the relationship between chronic pain and cortisol levels in subjects with osteoarthritis: results from a systematic review of the literature","volume":"28","author":"Villafa\u00f1e","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4270-4","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: a call for research on central pain mechanism and personalized prevention strategies","volume":"38","author":"Villafa\u00f1e","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S138","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001923","article-title":"Peripheral pain mechanisms in osteoarthritis","volume":"161","author":"Vincent","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz333","article-title":"Dietary patterns and progression of knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative","volume":"111","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-022-01071-9","article-title":"Autonomic nervous System dysregulation and osteoarthritis pain: mechanisms, measurement, and future outlook","volume":"24","author":"Yeater","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12781","article-title":"The effects of dietary patterns and food groups on symptomatic osteoarthritis: a systematic review","volume":"80","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.03.021","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of neuropathic-like pain and\/or pain sensitization in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis","volume":"29","author":"Zolio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."}],"container-title":["Musculoskeletal Science and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468781226001578?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468781226001578?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:58:14Z","timestamp":1790315894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468781226001578"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S2468781226001578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-7812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-7812","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Osteoarthritis pain masterclass: Moving beyond structure to mechanism-based clinical reasoning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Musculoskeletal Science and Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.msksp.2026.103641","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103641"}}