{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:59:56Z","timestamp":1790971196099,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":226,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012165","name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3107203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3107203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T16:58:10Z","timestamp":1770829090000},"page":"102922","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Advanced multifunctional thermo- and electro-stimulative hydrogels for bone regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0145-7127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahu","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiandang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyuan","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanjun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5456-0578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.01.016","article-title":"Treatments, cost and healthcare utilization of patients with segmental bone defects","volume":"52","author":"Norris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-018-0025-8","article-title":"Biomimetic delivery of signals for bone tissue engineering","volume":"6","author":"Dang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3109\/02656739309061480","article-title":"Effects of hyperthermia on bone. II. Heating of bone in vivo and stimulation of bone growth","volume":"9","author":"Leon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4614","article-title":"Long-term ligature-induced periodontitis exacerbates development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in mice","volume":"37","author":"Williams","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib5","article-title":"Mechanisms of bone regeneration repair and potential and efficacy of small molecule drugs","volume":"187","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.326","article-title":"Differential effects between the loss of MMP-2 and MMP-9 on structural and tissue-level properties of bone","volume":"26","author":"Nyman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2020.02.007","article-title":"Current concepts of osteomyelitis: from pathologic mechanisms to advanced research methods","volume":"190","author":"Hofstee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205154","article-title":"From crosstalk between immune and bone cells to bone erosion in infection","volume":"20","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2024.117181","article-title":"RANKL-mediated osteoclast formation is required for bone loss in a murine model of Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis","volume":"187","author":"Campbell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-019-09790-9","article-title":"Cause and effect of microenvironmental acidosis on bone metastases","volume":"38","author":"Avnet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2020.05.009","article-title":"New perspectives on traumatic bone infections","volume":"23","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. J. Traumatol. (Engl. Ed.)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200329RR","article-title":"Spatiotemporal correlation between HIF-1alpha and bone regeneration","volume":"36","author":"Tao","year":"2022","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1427","article-title":"The myofibroblast in wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases","volume":"200","author":"Gabbiani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2021.146040","article-title":"STAT1 and CXCL10 involve in M1 macrophage polarization that may affect osteolysis and bone remodeling in extrapulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"809","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02494-14","article-title":"Macrophage polarization drives granuloma outcome during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"83","author":"Marino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib16","article-title":"Immunological aspects of host-pathogen crosstalk in the co-pathogenesis of diabetes and latent tuberculosis","volume":"12","author":"Verma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-01042-0","article-title":"The roles of osteoprotegerin in cancer, far beyond a bone player","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115455","article-title":"Secreted BMP antagonists and their role in cancer and bone metastases","volume":"137","author":"Todd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.125543","article-title":"Sclerostin inhibition alleviates breast cancer-induced bone metastases and muscle weakness","volume":"5","author":"Hesse","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-021-00598-w","article-title":"The role of tumor-associated macrophages in osteosarcoma progression - therapeutic implications","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Oncol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16162801","article-title":"Surface markers and chemokines\/cytokines of tumor-associated macrophages in osteosarcoma and other carcinoma microenvironments-contradictions and comparisons","volume":"16","author":"Tatsuno","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"10169","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32112-3","article-title":"Osteoporosis","volume":"393","author":"Compston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib23","series-title":"Osteoporosis, Statpearls","author":"Porter","year":"2025"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.27552","article-title":"Autophagy in osteoporosis: relation to oxidative stress","volume":"120","author":"Ezzat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib25","article-title":"Autophagy in bone remodeling: a regulator of oxidative stress","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043772","article-title":"Oxidative stress and inflammation in osteoporosis: molecular mechanisms involved and the relationship with microRNAs","volume":"24","author":"Iantomasi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12122094","article-title":"Nrf2 mitigates RANKL and M-CSF induced osteoclast differentiation via ROS-dependent mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.300424","article-title":"Diabetes causes bone marrow endothelial barrier dysfunction by activation of the rhoa-rho-associated kinase signaling pathway","volume":"33","author":"Mangialardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.128913","article-title":"Titania nanotube array supported nanoceria with redox cycling stability ameliorates oxidative stress-inhibited osteogenesis","volume":"415","author":"Shao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00061","article-title":"Reconstruction of large skeletal defects: current clinical therapeutic strategies and future directions using 3D printing","volume":"8","author":"Vidal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib31","series-title":"Orthognathic Surgery","first-page":"607","article-title":"18 - grafts frequently used during orthognathic surgery and for adjunctive procedures","author":"Posnick","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib32","article-title":"\"Metal-bone\" scaffold for accelerated peri-implant endosseous healing","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2020.09.214","article-title":"Bioceramic composites for orthopaedic applications: a comprehensive review of mechanical, biological, and microstructural properties","volume":"47","author":"Shekhawat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib34","first-page":"3","article-title":"Advances in magnesium-containing bioceramics for bone repair","volume":"5","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomater Transl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00622","article-title":"Advancements in hydrogel-based drug sustained release systems for bone tissue engineering","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib36","first-page":"460","article-title":"Multifunctional hydrogel enhances bone regeneration through sustained release of stromal cell-derived Factor-1alpha and exosomes","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib37","first-page":"257","article-title":"Stimuli-responsive hydrogels for bone tissue engineering","volume":"5","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomater Transl"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib38","first-page":"205","article-title":"Hydrogel microspheres for bone regeneration through regulation of the regenerative microenvironment","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomater Transl"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib39","article-title":"A trabeculae-like biomimetic bone-filling material as a potential organoid for bone defect treatment","volume":"1","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"OR"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.36922\/or.8262","article-title":"Organoids: applications and challenges of advanced hydrogels in tissue systems","volume":"1","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Organoid Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.02.029","article-title":"Local and targeted drug delivery for bone regeneration","volume":"40","author":"Newman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-022-00887-0","article-title":"The decisive early phase of bone regeneration","volume":"19","author":"Duda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090602","article-title":"Regulation of osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling by HIFs and VEGF","volume":"24","author":"Maes","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14010018","article-title":"Strategies of macrophages to maintain bone homeostasis and promote bone repair: a narrative review","volume":"14","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Funct. Biomater."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31581","article-title":"The hypoxia-inducible factor alpha pathway couples angiogenesis to osteogenesis during skeletal development","volume":"117","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib46","first-page":"26","article-title":"Management of pulmonary tuberculosis in health clinics in the Gombak district: how are we doing so far?","volume":"10","author":"Ariffin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Malays. Fam. Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-021-00164-w","article-title":"Cyclic pulsation stress promotes bone formation of tissue engineered laminae through the F-actin\/YAP-1\/beta-Catenin signaling axis","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib48","article-title":"Sox9-Increased miR-322-5p facilitates BMP2-Induced chondrogenic differentiation by targeting Smad7 in mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"2021","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.130807","article-title":"Cartilage to bone transformation during fracture healing is coordinated by the invading vasculature and induction of the core pluripotency genes","volume":"144","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S1016-8478(23)17431-0","article-title":"BMP-2-enhanced chondrogenesis involves p38 MAPK-Mediated down-regulation of Wnt-7a pathway","volume":"22","author":"Jin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cells"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3961","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.71390","article-title":"Mechanosensitive Piezo1 is crucial for periosteal stem cell-mediated fracture healing","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1365.035","article-title":"Androulakis, II, bone remodeling","volume":"1092","author":"Hadjidakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.2929","article-title":"TGF-beta and BMP signaling in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2021.112505","article-title":"The protective role of Ephrin-B2\/EphB4 signaling in osteogenic differentiation under inflammatory environment","volume":"400","author":"Qu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196345010-00002","article-title":"Stimulation of bone growth by short-wave diathermy","volume":"45","author":"Doyle","year":"1963","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib56","first-page":"84","article-title":"The stimulation of bone growth by internal heating","volume":"46","author":"Richards","year":"1959","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2024.111340","article-title":"Abundant nucleation sites-available liquid crystal hydrogel mimics bone ECM mineralization to boost osteogenesis","volume":"275","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Compos. B Eng."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402505","article-title":"Multiple-effect combined hydrogels: \"temporal Regulation\" treatment of osteosarcoma-associated bone defects with switchable hyperthermia and bioactive agents","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202202470","article-title":"Rational design of multifunctional CuS Nanoparticle\u2010PEG composite soft hydrogel\u2010coated 3D hard polycaprolactone scaffolds for efficient bone regeneration","volume":"32","author":"Xue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)81647-7","article-title":"Protein denaturation during heat shock and related stress: Escherichia coli \u03b2-galactosidase and photinus pyralis luciferase inactivation in mouse cells","volume":"264","author":"Nguyen","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.12.008","article-title":"Near-infrared light control of bone regeneration with biodegradable photothermal osteoimplant","volume":"193","author":"Tong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11837","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.49784","article-title":"NIR light-assisted phototherapies for bone-related diseases and bone tissue regeneration: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2022.112641","article-title":"Near-infrared light control of GelMA\/PMMA\/PDA hydrogel with mild photothermal therapy for skull regeneration","volume":"133","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.08.004","article-title":"Enhanced photothermal therapy of biomimetic polypyrrole nanoparticles through improving blood flow perfusion","volume":"143","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3534","DOI":"10.1039\/C9BM00577C","article-title":"Graphene family nanomaterials for application in cancer combination photothermal therapy","volume":"7","author":"de Melo-Diogo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202300313","article-title":"A unified therapeutic-prophylactic tissue-engineering scaffold demonstrated to prevent tumor recurrence and overcoming infection toward bone remodeling","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2025.214462","article-title":"Hydroxyapatite injectable hydrogel with nanozyme activity for improved immunoregulation microenvironment and accelerated osteochondral defects repair via mild photothermal therapy","volume":"178","author":"Heng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7140","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.102779","article-title":"Multifunctional injectable hydrogel system as a mild photothermal-assisted therapeutic platform for programmed regulation of inflammation and osteo-microenvironment for enhanced healing of diabetic bone defects in situ","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.164688","article-title":"Injectable near-infrared photothermal responsive bone cement with mechanical adaptability and dynamic microenvironment regulation function for diabetic fracture healing","volume":"518","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202403003","article-title":"Photoactivated hydrogel therapeutic system with MXene-Based nanoarchitectonics potentiates endogenous bone repair through reshaping the osteo-vascularization network","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib83","first-page":"2221","article-title":"Gold nanorods and nanohydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogel for preventing bone tumor recurrence via postoperative photothermal therapy and bone regeneration promotion","volume":"6","author":"Liao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.129520","article-title":"Degradable photothermal bioactive glass composite hydrogel for the sequential treatment of tumor-related bone defects: from anti-tumor to repairing bone defects","volume":"419","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.141855","article-title":"3D printed hydrogel\/bioceramics core\/shell scaffold with NIR-II triggered drug release for chemo-photothermal therapy of bone tumors and enhanced bone repair","volume":"461","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7383","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-023-5460-1","article-title":"Fish scale-derived scaffolds with MSCs loading for photothermal therapy of bone defect","volume":"16","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib95","article-title":"Smart-responsive multifunctional therapeutic system for improved regenerative microenvironment and accelerated bone regeneration via mild photothermal therapy","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib96","article-title":"Chloroplast-inspired scaffold for infected bone defect therapy: towards stable photothermal properties and self-defensive functionality","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2021.10.053","article-title":"Injectable composite hydrogel based on carbon particles for photothermal therapy of bone tumor and bone regeneration","volume":"118","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-024-00377-x","article-title":"Photothermal sensitive nanocomposite hydrogel for infectious bone defects","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.127413","article-title":"Photothermally triggered biomimetic drug delivery of Teriparatide via reduced graphene oxide loaded chitosan hydrogel for osteoporotic bone regeneration","volume":"413","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2022.112641","article-title":"Near-infrared light control of GelMA\/PMMA\/PDA hydrogel with mild photothermal therapy for skull regeneration","volume":"133","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib116","article-title":"Nanocomposite multifunctional hydrogel for suppressing osteosarcoma recurrence and enhancing bone regeneration","volume":"435","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202315217","article-title":"An injectable hydrogel system with mild photothermal effects combined with ion release for osteosarcoma\u2010related bone defect repair","volume":"34","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.153597","article-title":"An intelligent controlled release hydrogel with photothermal effect for the treatment of bone defects","volume":"495","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4014","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.97335","article-title":"Bioinspired soft-hard combined system with mild photothermal therapeutic activity promotes diabetic bone defect healing via synergetic effects of immune activation and angiogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib123","first-page":"343","article-title":"\"Disguise strategy\" to bacteria: a multifunctional hydrogel with bacteria-targeting and photothermal conversion properties for the repair of infectious bone defects","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202500092","article-title":"Nanohybrid hydrogel with dual functions: controlled low-temperature photothermal antibacterial activity and promoted regeneration for treating MRSA-infected bone defects","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib129","article-title":"A photothermal responsive system accelerating nitric oxide release to enhance bone repair by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis","volume":"28","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.12.015","article-title":"Molybdenum-based hetero-nanocomposites for cancer therapy, diagnosis and biosensing application: current advancement and future breakthroughs","volume":"330","author":"Dhas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2023.110612","article-title":"Osteoinduction-immunomodulation dual-functional calcium nervonate nanoparticles for promoting bone regeneration","volume":"255","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Compos. B Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2024.12.014","article-title":"Zinc doped amorphous calcium phosphate integrated GBR module role in facilitating bone augmentation via immunostimulation of osteogenesis","volume":"226","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib70","article-title":"Bilayer scaffolds synergize immunomodulation and rejuvenation via layer\u2010specific release of CK2. 1 and the \u201cExercise Hormone\u201d Lac\u2010Phe for enhanced osteochondral regeneration","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.02.005","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages by a nano-sized opsonization strategy to restore M1\/M2 balance for osteoarthritis therapy","volume":"380","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202405236","article-title":"In situ proefferocytosis microspheres as macrophage polarity converters accelerate osteoarthritis treatment","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6466","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c11486","article-title":"Bioinspired mild photothermal effect-reinforced multifunctional fiber scaffolds promote bone regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.133382","article-title":"Remotely-activatable extracellular matrix-mimetic hydrogel promotes physiological bone mineralization for enhanced cranial defect healing","volume":"431","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122355","article-title":"Glucose-primed PEEK orthopedic implants for antibacterial therapy and safeguarding diabetic osseointegration","volume":"303","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12058","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201703657","article-title":"Antimonene quantum dots: synthesis and application as near\u2010infrared photothermal agents for effective cancer therapy","volume":"129","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Angew. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b06145","article-title":"Engineering a biodegradable multifunctional antibacterial bioactive nanosystem for enhancing tumor photothermo-chemotherapy and bone regeneration","volume":"14","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.10731","article-title":"Combined cancer photothermal-chemotherapy based on doxorubicin\/gold nanorod-loaded polymersomes","volume":"5","author":"Liao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2015.07.019","article-title":"Reprint of: review of bioactive glass: from Hench to hybrids","volume":"23","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.01.004","article-title":"A review of the biological response to ionic dissolution products from bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics","volume":"32","author":"Hoppe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122634","article-title":"The application of black phosphorus nanomaterials in bone tissue engineering","volume":"14","author":"Jing","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.49784","article-title":"NIR light-assisted phototherapies for bone-related diseases and bone tissue regeneration: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10761-5","article-title":"Bioinspired extracellular vesicles embedded with black phosphorus for molecular recognition-guided biomineralization","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201900318","article-title":"Recent advances on black phosphorus for biomedicine and biosensing","volume":"29","author":"Ge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12967","article-title":"Biodegradable black phosphorus-based nanospheres for in vivo photothermal cancer therapy","volume":"7","author":"Shao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202000177","article-title":"Black\u2010phosphorus\u2010incorporated hydrogel as a conductive and biodegradable platform for enhancement of the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"30","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6331","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b00862","article-title":"Enhanced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on graphene oxide-incorporated electrospun poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofibrous mats","volume":"7","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.09.021","article-title":"Multiwall carbon nanotube scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes","volume":"29","author":"Abarrategi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.11.091","article-title":"One pot synthesis of carbon dots decorated carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite for drug delivery, tissue engineering and Fe3+ ion sensing","volume":"181","author":"Sarkar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5646","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201401825","article-title":"Tumor metastasis inhibition by imaging-guided photothermal therapy with single-walled carbon nanotubes","volume":"26","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2020.02.029","article-title":"Potential applications of multifunctional mesoporous carbon nanoplatform for tumor microenvironment improving by combined chemo-\/phototherapy","volume":"163","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20031253","article-title":"Size-dependent internalization of particles via the pathways of clathrin-and caveolae-mediated endocytosis","volume":"377","author":"Rejman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201805730","article-title":"Degradability and clearance of inorganic nanoparticles for biomedical applications","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3494","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201203637","article-title":"Self\u2010supporting graphene hydrogel film as an experimental platform to evaluate the potential of graphene for bone regeneration","volume":"23","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.8b01475","article-title":"Graphene-nanoparticle-based self-healing hydrogel in preventing postoperative recurrence of breast cancer","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-017-0275-3","article-title":"Gadolinium-based layered double hydroxide and graphene oxide nano-carriers for magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery","volume":"11","author":"Usman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Cent. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib109","first-page":"281","article-title":"The parathyroid hormone circadian rhythm is truly endogenous\u2014a general clinical research center study","volume":"82","author":"Fuleihan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"issue":"50","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50259","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307444200","article-title":"Proteasomal degradation of Runx2 shortens parathyroid hormone-induced anti-apoptotic signaling in osteoblasts: a putative explanation for why intermittent administration is needed for bone anabolism","volume":"278","author":"Bellido","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4607","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.11.5505","article-title":"The effects of programmed administration of human parathyroid hormone fragment (1\u201334) on bone histomorphometry and serum chemistry in rats","volume":"138","author":"Dobnig","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.3390\/nano8121065","article-title":"Polydopamine\/transferrin hybrid nanoparticles for targeted cell-killing","volume":"8","author":"Hauser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122122","article-title":"Combined photothermal and sonodynamic therapy using a 2D black phosphorus nanosheets loaded coating for efficient bacterial inhibition and bone-implant integration","volume":"297","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201800749","article-title":"Zinc\u2010modified sulfonated polyetheretherketone surface with immunomodulatory function for guiding cell fate and bone regeneration","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmacrolett.2c00290","article-title":"Mild hyperthermia-assisted ROS scavenging hydrogels achieve diabetic wound healing","volume":"11","author":"Qi","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Macro Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1038\/s41557-019-0217-x","article-title":"Fluorogenic D-amino acids enable real-time monitoring of peptidoglycan biosynthesis and high-throughput transpeptidation assays","volume":"11","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Chem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1039\/b908663n","article-title":"Light-controlled nitric oxide delivering molecular assemblies","volume":"39","author":"Sortino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-020-00542-x","article-title":"MOFs-based nitric oxide therapy for tendon regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib127","article-title":"A metabolic perspective on nitric oxide function in melanoma","volume":"1879","author":"Jimenez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Canc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14486","article-title":"The NO\u2013cGMP\u2013PKG pathway in skeletal remodeling","volume":"1487","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4139","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084139","article-title":"Advancements in photothermal therapy using near-infrared light for bone tumors","volume":"25","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0410-2","article-title":"Clinical development and potential of photothermal and photodynamic therapies for cancer","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21047-0","article-title":"Activatable polymer nanoagonist for second near-infrared photothermal immunotherapy of cancer","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202424768","article-title":"Engineering two\u2010dimensional nanomaterials for photothermal therapy","volume":"64","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1340","article-title":"Renal clearance of quantum dots","volume":"25","author":"Soo Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27073","DOI":"10.1021\/jp409067h","article-title":"Size-dependent photothermal conversion efficiencies of plasmonically heated gold nanoparticles","volume":"117","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5997","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-018-2114-9","article-title":"Remote induction of in situ hydrogelation in a deep tissue, using an alternating magnetic field and superparamagnetic nanoparticles","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-017-9287-8","article-title":"Effect of nanoheat stimulation mediated by magnetic nanocomposite hydrogel on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"61","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2021.106672","article-title":"Graphene Oxide-loaded magnetic nanoparticles within 3D hydrogel form high-performance scaffolds for bone regeneration and tumour treatment","volume":"152","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compos. Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2022.101401","article-title":"Mild hyperthermia-mediated osteogenesis and angiogenesis play a critical role in magnetothermal composite-induced bone regeneration","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01955-7","article-title":"Engineering a triple-functional magnetic gel driving mutually-synergistic mild hyperthermia-starvation therapy for osteosarcoma treatment and augmented bone regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/adc29e","article-title":"Multifunctional 4D printed shape memory composite scaffolds with photothermal and magnetothermal effects for multimodal tumor therapy and bone repair","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21679","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c04595","article-title":"Cascade magnetic hyperthermia therapy for biofilm eradication and bone regeneration via dual osteoimmuno-regulation","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10267","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.1c03340","article-title":"Smart-polypeptide-coated mesoporous Fe3O4 nanoparticles: non-interventional target-embolization\/thermal ablation and multimodal imaging combination theranostics for solid tumors","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11614","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CS00427A","article-title":"Magnetic nanoparticles and clusters for magnetic hyperthermia: optimizing their heat performance and developing combinatorial therapies to tackle cancer","volume":"50","author":"Gavil\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2018.04.012","article-title":"Alternating-magnetic-field-mediated wireless manipulations of a liquid metal for therapeutic bioengineering","volume":"3","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2018.03.003","article-title":"Anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles: a review of their properties, syntheses and potential applications","volume":"95","author":"Lisjak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-816913-1.00013-1","article-title":"Biomedical applications of magnetite nanoparticles","author":"Ortega","year":"2019","journal-title":"Materials for biomedical engineering"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2710","DOI":"10.1039\/b821416f","article-title":"Superparamagnetic graphene oxide\u2013Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles hybrid for controlled targeted drug carriers","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib144","first-page":"28952","article-title":"Functionalized GO nanovehicles with nitric oxide release and photothermal activity-based hydrogels for bacteria-infected wound healing","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2011.95","article-title":"Exchange-coupled magnetic nanoparticles for efficient heat induction","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.70336","article-title":"Applicability of hydrogels as platforms for bone regeneration: a mini-review","volume":"36","author":"Machado","year":"2025","journal-title":"Polym. Adv. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00831","article-title":"Biologically targeted magnetic hyperthermia: potential and limitations","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3390\/ma9040267","article-title":"Composite hydrogels for bone regeneration","volume":"9","author":"Tozzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb16090317","article-title":"Nature-based hydrogels combined with nanoparticles for bone regeneration","volume":"16","author":"Fernandes","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Funct. Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-024-01557-4","article-title":"Recent strategies and advances in hydrogel-based delivery platforms for bone regeneration","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano-Micro Lett."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6035","DOI":"10.1039\/D3BM00544E","article-title":"Immune homeostasis modulation by hydrogel-guided delivery systems: a tool for accelerated bone regeneration","volume":"11","author":"Mi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9110905","article-title":"Tri-component hydrogel as template for nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite deposition using alternate soaking method for bone tissue engineering applications","volume":"9","author":"Pelin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gels"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201705316","article-title":"Flexoelectricity in bones","volume":"30","author":"Vasquez\u2010Sancho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16192797","article-title":"Piezoelectric scaffolds as smart materials for bone tissue engineering","volume":"16","author":"Zaszczy\u0144ska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib160","series-title":"Ceramic\u2013Polymer Nanocomposite: Alternate Choice of Bone","author":"Sarkar","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib161","article-title":"Electroactive biomaterials for facilitating bone defect repair under pathological conditions","volume":"10","author":"Heng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh.)"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56730","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c11890","article-title":"The biomimetic electrical stimulation system inducing osteogenic differentiations of BMSCs","volume":"16","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6343","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.0c04635","article-title":"Vertical nanowire electrode array for enhanced neurogenesis of human neural stem cells via intracellular electrical stimulation","volume":"21","author":"Kwon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12345","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b03912","article-title":"Self-activated electrical stimulation for effective hair regeneration via a wearable omnidirectional pulse generator","volume":"13","author":"Yao","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.120982","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of human neural stem cells via conductive polymer nerve guides enhances peripheral nerve recovery","volume":"275","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44886-x","article-title":"Electrical stimulation facilitates NADPH production in pentose phosphate pathway and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in macrophages","volume":"13","author":"Uemura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c06696","article-title":"Electrical stimulation for immunomodulation","volume":"9","author":"Roy Barman","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00868","article-title":"Electrical stimulation directly induces pre-angiogenic responses in vascular endothelial cells by signaling through VEGF receptors","volume":"117","author":"Zhao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34884","article-title":"Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on P (VDF\u2010TrFE) layer coated microelectrodes","volume":"109","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56508-6","article-title":"Potential of electrospun cationic BSA fibers to guide osteogenic MSC differentiation via surface charge and fibrous topography","volume":"9","author":"Raic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOSGlobal-D-19-00155","article-title":"Pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation of bone healing and joint preservation: cellular mechanisms of skeletal response","volume":"4","author":"Cadossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAAOS Global Research & Reviews"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3421","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27142","article-title":"Direct electrical stimulation enhances osteogenesis by inducing Bmp2 and Spp1 expressions from macrophages and preosteoblasts","volume":"116","author":"Srirussamee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32045","article-title":"Pulsed electromagnetic fields promote osteogenesis and osseointegration of porous titanium implants in bone defect repair through a Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling-associated mechanism","volume":"6","author":"Jing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202403837","article-title":"Bioelectrically reprogramming hydrogels rejuvenate vascularized bone regeneration in senescence","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib180","article-title":"Photosensitive and conductive hydrogel induced innerved bone regeneration for infected bone defect repair","volume":"12","author":"Jing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib187","first-page":"1","article-title":"Piezoresistive MXene\/Silk fibroin nanocomposite hydrogel for accelerating bone regeneration by Re-establishing electrical microenvironment","volume":"22","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122266","article-title":"A nano-conductive osteogenic hydrogel to locally promote calcium influx for electro-inspired bone defect regeneration","volume":"301","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119617","article-title":"Electroactive composite scaffold with locally expressed osteoinductive factor for synergistic bone repair upon electrical stimulation","volume":"230","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-024-02320-y","article-title":"Injectable ultrasound-powered bone-adhesive nanocomposite hydrogel for electrically accelerated irregular bone defect healing","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2025.02.016","article-title":"Piezoelectric hydrogel with self-powered biomechanical stimulation enhances bone regeneration","volume":"195","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib208","article-title":"Biodegradable dual\u2010stimuli hydrogel scaffoldoid synergizing piezoionic and lithium\u2010ion release for critical\u2010sized bone defect regeneration","author":"Min","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202409400","article-title":"Biodegradable piezoelectric-conductive integrated hydrogel scaffold for repair of osteochondral defects","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadi6799","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adi6799","article-title":"Rehabilitation exercise\u2013driven symbiotic electrical stimulation system accelerating bone regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2019.06.001","article-title":"Electrically conductive nanomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering","volume":"144","author":"Ashtari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202102981","article-title":"Carbon nanotube\u2013hydrogel composites facilitate neuronal differentiation while maintaining homeostasis of network activity","volume":"33","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib176","article-title":"Carbon dots induce epithelial\u2010mesenchymal transition for promoting cutaneous wound healing via activation of TGF\u2010\u03b2\/p38\/snail pathway","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2017.10.005","article-title":"Engineering vascularized and innervated bone biomaterials for improved skeletal tissue regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Marrella","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202109871","article-title":"Bioprinted constructs that mimic the ossification center microenvironment for targeted innervation in bone regeneration","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14686996.2021.2015249","article-title":"Self-assisted wound healing using piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators","volume":"23","author":"Kao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17120-8","article-title":"Mediation of cellular osteogenic differentiation through daily stimulation time based on polypyrrole planar electrodes","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5109","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CS00838D","article-title":"Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for biomedical applications","volume":"47","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202110608","article-title":"Roles of MXene in pressure sensing: preparation, composite structure design, and mechanism","volume":"34","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10347","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c02567","article-title":"Hetero-dimensional 2D Ti3C2T x MXene and 1D graphene nanoribbon hybrids for machine learning-assisted pressure sensors","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201702678","article-title":"Transparent, flexible, and conductive 2D titanium carbide (MXene) films with high volumetric capacitance","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4170","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06570-x","article-title":"Transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate to bone-like apatite","volume":"9","author":"Lotsari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"7778","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1645-x","article-title":"Crosslinking ionic oligomers as conformable precursors to calcium carbonate","volume":"574","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-018-0071-z","article-title":"Present status and future prospects of perovskite photovoltaics","volume":"17","author":"Snaith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2017.02.084","article-title":"Microfiltration performance of electrospun nanofiber membranes with varied fiber diameters and different membrane porosities and thicknesses","volume":"114","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1021\/bm7011828","article-title":"Synthesis of biodegradable and electroactive multiblock polylactide and aniline pentamer copolymer for tissue engineering applications","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SC00145H","article-title":"Conductive hydrogels for tissue repair","volume":"14","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.9b03655","article-title":"Increasing the conductivity and adhesion of polypyrrole hydrogels with electropolymerized polydopamine","volume":"32","author":"Chalmers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9868","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c14487","article-title":"Conductive hydrogel inspires neutrophil extracellular traps to combat bacterial infections in wounds","volume":"19","author":"OuYang","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202404190","article-title":"Accelerated bone healing via electrical stimulation","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.879187","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of acute fractures: a narrative review of stimulation protocols and device specifications","volume":"10","author":"Nicksic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3553","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200800541","article-title":"Towards self\u2010powered nanosystems: from nanogenerators to nanopiezotronics","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44111","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c11131","article-title":"Enhanced cell osteogenesis and osteoimmunology regulated by piezoelectric biomaterials with controllable surface potential and charges","volume":"14","author":"Mao","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.152317","article-title":"The role and application of metal ions in maxillofacial bone defect","volume":"493","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2023.110641","article-title":"3D printing of lithium osteogenic bioactive composite scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration","volume":"256","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Compos. B Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109550","article-title":"Lithium-containing bioactive glasses enhanced 3D-printed PLGA scaffolds for bone regeneration in diabetes","volume":"230","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compos. B Eng."},{"issue":"627","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabi7282","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abi7282","article-title":"Exercise-induced piezoelectric stimulation for cartilage regeneration in rabbits","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaba9624","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba9624","article-title":"A breathable, biodegradable, antibacterial, and self-powered electronic skin based on all-nanofiber triboelectric nanogenerators","volume":"6","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2022.04.002","article-title":"Hybrid nanogenerator based closed-loop self-powered low-level vagus nerve stimulation system for atrial fibrillation treatment","volume":"67","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41594-y","article-title":"Injectable and biodegradable piezoelectric hydrogel for osteoarthritis treatment","volume":"14","author":"Vinikoor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4990046","article-title":"BaTiO3-based piezoelectrics: fundamentals, current status, and perspectives","volume":"4","author":"Acosta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.12.016","article-title":"Electrical fatigue behavior of Ba0. 85Ca0. 15Zr0. 1Ti0. 9O3 ceramics under different oxygen concentrations","volume":"41","author":"Pomyai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29479","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c04270","article-title":"ZnO nanoparticles as potent inducers of dermal immunosuppression in contact hypersensitivity in mice","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4396","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB00341H","article-title":"Black phosphorus thermosensitive hydrogels loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes synergistically promote bone tissue defect repair","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2025.05.033","article-title":"A photothermal-enhanced thermoelectric nanosheet incorporated with zwitterionic hydrogels for wound repair and bioelectronics","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13036-023-00328-w","article-title":"Research progress on black phosphorus hybrids hydrogel platforms for biomedical applications","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biol. Eng."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.03.040","article-title":"Injectable and thermo-sensitive PEG-PCL-PEG copolymer\/collagen\/n-HA hydrogel composite for guided bone regeneration","volume":"33","author":"Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5122","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15155122","article-title":"An electroconductive, thermosensitive, and injectable Chitosan\/pluronic\/gold-decorated cellulose nanofiber hydrogel as an efficient carrier for regeneration of cardiac tissue","volume":"15","author":"Tohidi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10110695","article-title":"Vancomycin-loaded silk fibroin\/calcium Phosphate\/methylcellulose-based in situ thermosensitive hydrogel: a potential function for bone regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Phewchan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0089","article-title":"Smart hydrogels for bone reconstruction via modulating the microenvironment","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib224","article-title":"From macrophage polarization to clinical translation: immunomodulatory hydrogels for infection-associated bone regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11385","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c01177","article-title":"Translational applications of hydrogels","volume":"121","author":"Correa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922_bib226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.10.032","article-title":"Bioinspired injectable hydrogels for bone regeneration","volume":"75","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."}],"container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426001651?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426001651?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:32:55Z","timestamp":1777635175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590006426001651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":226,"alternative-id":["S2590006426001651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-0064"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-0064","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Advanced multifunctional thermo- and electro-stimulative hydrogels for bone regeneration","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Materials Today Bio","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102922","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102922"}}