{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T09:01:32Z","timestamp":1790067692300,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004083","name":"Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00449435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00449435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004083","name":"Ministry of Science ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-NR067329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-NR067329"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GIST InnoCORE KH0860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GIST InnoCORE KH0860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T02:42:20Z","timestamp":1777603340000},"page":"103182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Crosslinked hyaluronic acid-doped polypyrrole: Stable, nonbiofouling implantable bioelectrodes for in vivo signal recording"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8284-6322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jongdarm","family":"Yi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanghun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4493-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202403562","article-title":"Bioelectronic implantable devices for physiological signal recording and closed-loop neuromodulation","volume":"34","author":"Oh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ac605f","article-title":"Spinal cord bioelectronic interfaces: opportunities in neural recording and clinical challenges","volume":"19","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neural. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4328","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.4c00442","article-title":"Soft bioelectronics for heart monitoring","volume":"9","author":"Mirzajani","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.4c00163","article-title":"Soft bioelectronics using nanomaterials and nanostructures for neuroengineering","volume":"57","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib5","article-title":"Revitalizing the nervous system: exploring polypyrrole-based composites in nerve regeneration","volume":"41","author":"Farshid","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.09.035","article-title":"Versatile biomimetic conductive polypyrrole films doped with hyaluronic acid of different molecular weights","volume":"80","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2019.00262","article-title":"Electrochemical Co-deposition of polydopamine\/hyaluronic acid for anti-biofouling bioelectrodes","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.06.042","article-title":"Implantable polypyrrole bioelectrodes inducing anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization for long-term in vivo signal recording","volume":"168","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB02849A","article-title":"Biomimetic polypyrrole\/hyaluronic acid electrodes integrated with hyaluronidase inhibitors offer persistent electroactivity and resistance to cell binding","volume":"10","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16652","article-title":"Decomposition and changes in in vivo Post-HA filler injection: a review","volume":"24","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Cosmet. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001525","article-title":"In vivo degradation of crosslinked hyaluronic acid fillers by exogenous hyaluronidases","volume":"44","author":"Shumate","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.133770","article-title":"Enzymatically stable, non-cell adhesive, implantable polypyrrole\/thiolated hyaluronic acid bioelectrodes for in vivo signal recording","volume":"276","author":"Yi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3390\/chemosensors8030066","article-title":"Anti-Biofouling strategies for long-term continuous use of implantable biosensors","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib14","article-title":"Current and emerging strategies for biocompatible materials for implantable electronics","volume":"5","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Phys. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.622524","article-title":"Foreign body reaction to implanted biomaterials and its impact in nerve neuroprosthetics","volume":"9","author":"Carnicer-Lombarte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6550","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TC05162A","article-title":"Implantable neural electrodes: from preparation optimization to application","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2025.06.014","article-title":"Property-tailoring chemical modifications of hyaluronic acid for regenerative medicine applications","volume":"201","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11126","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TB01263E","article-title":"Recent progress of dermal implants for aged skin rejuvenation: a review","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.120372","article-title":"Dual-crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel with self-healing capacity and enhanced mechanical properties","volume":"301","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2021.112102","article-title":"Biocompatible hyaluronic acid-divinyl sulfone injectable hydrogels for sustained drug release with enhanced antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"125","author":"Andrade del Olmo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.123308","article-title":"From crosslinking strategies to biomedical applications of hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels: a review","volume":"231","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.02.067","article-title":"Crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogels: a strategy to functionalize and pattern","volume":"26","author":"Segura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.02.015","article-title":"Sulfated hyaluronic acid hydrogels with retarded degradation and enhanced growth factor retention promote hMSC chondrogenesis and articular cartilage integrity with reduced hypertrophy","volume":"53","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26302","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c03395","article-title":"Hydrolytic (In)stability of methacrylate esters in covalently cross-linked hydrogels based on chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid methacrylate","volume":"6","author":"Schuurmans","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7206","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA09271D","article-title":"Synthesis of hyaluronic acid hydrogels by crosslinking the mixture of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid and low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether","volume":"10","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2021.2014320","article-title":"Crosslinking hyaluronic acid soft-tissue fillers: current status and perspectives from an industrial point of view","volume":"18","author":"Faivre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Med. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1002\/app.34880","article-title":"Effect of the surface roughness of conducting polypyrrole thin-film electrodes on the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene","volume":"125","author":"Adhikari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7471","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c10506","article-title":"High-performance implantable bioelectrodes with immunocompatible topography for modulation of macrophage responses","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5426","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.3c00091","article-title":"Influence of surface roughness, nanostructure, and wetting on bacterial adhesion","volume":"39","author":"Mu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15467","DOI":"10.1039\/D1RA02402G","article-title":"Effect of surface energy and roughness on cell adhesion and growth \u2013 facile surface modification for enhanced cell culture","volume":"11","author":"Majhy","year":"2021","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10885","DOI":"10.1021\/la0621923","article-title":"Enhancement of protein adsorption induced by surface roughness","volume":"22","author":"Rechendorff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8465","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44900-1","article-title":"Raman and XPS studies of ammonia sensitive polypyrrole nanorods and nanoparticles","volume":"9","author":"\u0160etka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13111878","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid hydrogels for controlled pulmonary drug delivery\u2014A particle engineering approach","volume":"13","author":"Nikjoo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2800","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MH00056G","article-title":"Conductive polymer based hydrogels and their application in wearable sensors: a review","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13020170","article-title":"Hyaluronidase inhibitor-incorporated cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogels for subcutaneous injection","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib36","article-title":"Sprout-inspired polypyrrole-integrated electrodes for reduced impedance and enhanced biological compatibility","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.9771\/cmbio.v24i1.62425","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of 1,4 butanediol diglycidyl ether associated or not with hyaluronic acid in human fibroblasts","volume":"24","author":"Bordalo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Revista de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas e Biol\u00f3gicas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.105034","article-title":"In vitro toxicity assessment of crosslinking agents used in hyaluronic acid dermal filler","volume":"70","author":"Jeong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxicol. Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reactfunctpolym.2024.105920","article-title":"Characterisation and biocompatibility of crosslinked hyaluronic acid with BDDE and PEGDE for clinical applications","volume":"200","author":"\u00d8vreb\u00f8","year":"2024","journal-title":"React. Funct. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s42234-025-00179-4","article-title":"Reliability and stability of bioelectronic medicine: a critical and pedagogical perspective","volume":"11","author":"Mariello","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioelectron. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4670","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094670","article-title":"Surface treatment of the dental implant with hyaluronic acid: an overview of recent data","volume":"18","author":"Cervino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13020269","article-title":"Surface coating with hyaluronic acid-gelatin-crosslinked hydrogel on gelatin-conjugated poly(dimethylsiloxane) for implantable medical device-induced fibrosis","volume":"13","author":"Joo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"}],"container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426004266?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426004266?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:15:19Z","timestamp":1790064919000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590006426004266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S2590006426004266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-0064"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-0064","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Crosslinked hyaluronic acid-doped polypyrrole: Stable, nonbiofouling implantable bioelectrodes for in vivo signal recording","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Materials Today Bio","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103182","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103182"}}