{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:03:28Z","timestamp":1790337808263,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2402901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2402901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U25A6003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U25A6003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32200577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32200577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82330029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82330029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T15:17:07Z","timestamp":1786634227000},"page":"103556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nucleoside drives the self-assembly and enables delivery of phosphate containing therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0492-2381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1030-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaichao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9849-2290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1039\/b304608g","article-title":"Nucleobases as supramolecular motifs","volume":"34","author":"Sivakova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7110","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201201193","article-title":"Structure and function of noncanonical nucleobases","volume":"51","author":"Carell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5819","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5b02753","article-title":"G4-Quartet\u2022M+ borate hydrogels","volume":"137","author":"Peters","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01516-x","article-title":"A rhythmically pulsing leaf-spring DNA-origami nanoengine that drives a passive follower","volume":"19","author":"Centola","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib35","article-title":"High-load gemcitabine inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles as an image-guided tumor-selective drug-delivery system to treat pancreatic cancer","author":"Ischyropoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-020-00009-8","article-title":"DNA origami","volume":"1","author":"Dey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad067","article-title":"Chemistry, structure and function of approved oligonucleotide therapeutics","volume":"51","author":"Egli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab1202","article-title":"Kinetic explanations for the sequence biases observed in the nonenzymatic copying of RNA templates","volume":"50","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09945-5","article-title":"N1-Methylpseudouridine directly modulates translation dynamics","author":"Rozman","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.12.009","article-title":"pH-responsive dual-functional hydrogel integrating localized delivery and anti- cancer activities for highly effective therapy in PDX of OSCC","volume":"62","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202419418","article-title":"A PD-L1 siRNA-Loaded boron nanoparticle for targeted cancer radiotherapy and immunotherapy","volume":"37","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2006.04.010","article-title":"RNA interference in vitro and in vivo using a novel chitosan\/siRNA nanoparticle system","volume":"14","author":"Howard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.3c00213","article-title":"Synthesis, reverse transcription, replication, and inter-transcription of 2\u2032-Modified nucleic acids with evolved thermophilic polymerases: efforts toward multidimensional expansion of the central dogma","volume":"12","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Synth. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4108","article-title":"Complex self-assembly of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine nucleoside supramolecular structures","volume":"5","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9713","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TB01145G","article-title":"Hydration effect and molecular geometry conformation as critical factors affecting the longevity stability of G4-structure-based supramolecular hydrogels","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8797","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b04556","article-title":"Nucleoside analogue-based Supramolecular nanodrugs driven by molecular recognition for synergistic cancer therapy","volume":"140","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241303168","article-title":"Isoguanosine-induced ER stress via AMPK enhances chemosensitivity in OSCC","volume":"104","author":"Yao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00877246","article-title":"PHASE-II trial of F-araamp for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas - an Illinois-CANCER-CENTER study","volume":"10","author":"Kilton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest. N. Drugs"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv196","article-title":"Phase I dose-escalating trial of Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase and fludarabine gene therapy for advanced solid tumors","volume":"26","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-023-00579-1","article-title":"Insights into recent findings and clinical application of YAP and TAZ in cancer","volume":"23","author":"Franklin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4261","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00133K","article-title":"Noncovalent interactions in proteins and nucleic acids: beyond hydrogen bonding and \u03c0-stacking","volume":"51","author":"Jena","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206851","article-title":"A H2O2-Supplied supramolecular material for post-irradiated infected wound treatment","volume":"10","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib22","article-title":"Co-assembly of natural small molecules into a carrier-free hydrogel with enhanced synergism for pancreatic cancer theranostic amplification","volume":"32","author":"Hou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2022.215659","article-title":"Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) enhances chemotherapy response in acute myeloid leukemia (AML)","volume":"535","author":"Ghiraldeli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.3c00505","article-title":"Guanosine-based supramolecular hydrogels with dynamic time-dependent fluorescence for information encryption","volume":"56","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33531","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c11275","article-title":"DNA-free guanosine-based polymer nanoreactors with multienzyme activities for ferroptosis-apoptosis combined antitumor therapy","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6223","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA09427J","article-title":"The development of isoguanosine: from discovery, synthesis, and modification to supramolecular structures and potential applications","volume":"10","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119598","article-title":"Dual-functional guanosine-based hydrogel integrating localized delivery and anticancer activities for cancer therapy","volume":"230","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-06154-8","article-title":"Autophagy: regulator of cell death","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"issue":"74","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11159","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CC05947C","article-title":"Chiral carbon dots derived from guanosine 5\u2032-monophosphate form supramolecular hydrogels","volume":"52","author":"Ghosh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a032284","article-title":"Detecting RNA G-Quadruplexes (rG4s) in the transcriptome","volume":"10","author":"Kwok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspect. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033583512000157","article-title":"Why nature really chose phosphate","volume":"46","author":"Kamerlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Q. Rev. Biophys."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202300470","article-title":"Stereoselective assembly of hydrogen-bonded anionic cages dictated by organophosphate-based chiral nodes","volume":"62","author":"Zuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Angew Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b12645","article-title":"Tunable adhesion from stoichiometry-controlled and sequence-defined supramolecular polymers emerges hierarchically from Cyanostar-Stabilized anion-anion linkages","volume":"142","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3188","DOI":"10.1039\/C6CS00183A","article-title":"Supramolecular gels made from nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide analogs","volume":"45","author":"Peters","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01447-7","article-title":"Investigation of the enhanced antitumour potency of STING agonist after conjugation to polymer nanoparticles","volume":"18","author":"Dosta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5236","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201813665","article-title":"Self-assembled and size-controllable oligonucleotide nanospheres for effective antisense gene delivery through an endocytosis-independent pathway","volume":"58","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."}],"container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S259000642600801X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S259000642600801X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:40:34Z","timestamp":1790336434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S259000642600801X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S259000642600801X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-0064"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-0064","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nucleoside drives the self-assembly and enables delivery of phosphate containing therapeutics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Materials Today Bio","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103556","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103556"}}