{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:08:04Z","timestamp":1792195684116,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":335,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003172","name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003172","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025M780926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M780926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T23:35:49Z","timestamp":1786750549000},"page":"103571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Hydrogel microneedles functioning in pathological surroundings: where soft materials overcome hard scars"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2314-7967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2793-6196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zimeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dianhao","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinchang","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib1","first-page":"761","article-title":"Therapy of pathological scars","volume":"21","author":"Riedemann","year":"2023","journal-title":"JDDG J. der Deutschen Dermatol. Gesellschaft"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13171","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001157R","article-title":"Systemic factors that shape cutaneous pathological scarring","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2023.0185","article-title":"The pathophysiology and management of pathologic Scarring-a contemporary review","volume":"14","author":"Hameedi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14121","article-title":"Hypertrophic scars and keloids: overview of the evidence and practical guide for differentiating between these abnormal scars","volume":"30","author":"Limandjaja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.010","article-title":"Keloids and hypertrophic scars","volume":"41","author":"Knowles","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00474-x","article-title":"Scars","volume":"9","author":"Jeschke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.603187","article-title":"The roles of inflammation in keloid and hypertrophic scars","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s41702-020-00063-8","article-title":"Hypertrophic scars and keloids: a review and current treatment modalities","volume":"4","author":"Tripathi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedical Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8776","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25168776","article-title":"Comprehensive insights into keloid pathogenesis and advanced therapeutic strategies","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-022-02509-x","article-title":"Evidence-based management of keloids and hypertrophic scars in dermatology","volume":"315","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031458","article-title":"Scarring skin: mechanisms and therapies","volume":"25","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008667","article-title":"The Most current algorithms for the treatment and prevention of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a 2020 update of the algorithms published 10 years ago","volume":"149","author":"Ogawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02192-7","article-title":"Keloid treatments: an evidence-based systematic review of recent advances","volume":"12","author":"Walsh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2024.02.001","article-title":"Update on hypertrophic scar management in burn patients","volume":"51","author":"Ogawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2927","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-024-03935-0","article-title":"Recurrence and complications of Peri-operative steroid injection of keloids: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19427","article-title":"Intralesional cryosurgery of keloids: required treatment hold time","volume":"184","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3808","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14325","article-title":"Laser in surgical scar clearance: an update review","volume":"20","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cosmet. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3598","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83255-4","article-title":"A retrospective study of hypofractionated radiotherapy for keloids in 100 cases","volume":"11","author":"Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17010108","article-title":"Leveraging microneedles for raised scar management","volume":"17","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-023-00141-6","article-title":"Microneedle biomedical devices","volume":"2","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib21","article-title":"Smart drug delivery and responsive microneedles for wound healing","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1021\/js980042+","article-title":"Microfabricated microneedles: a novel approach to transdermal drug delivery","volume":"87","author":"Henry","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13755","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2331316100","article-title":"Microfabricated needles for transdermal delivery of macromolecules and nanoparticles: fabrication methods and transport studies","volume":"100","author":"McAllister","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-005-3024-7","article-title":"Sugar micro needles as transdermic drug delivery system","volume":"7","author":"Miyano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdevices"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4879","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201200864","article-title":"Hydrogel\u2010forming microneedle arrays for enhanced transdermal drug delivery","volume":"22","author":"Donnelly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00807","article-title":"Hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays made from light-responsive materials for On-Demand transdermal drug delivery","volume":"13","author":"Hardy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.38","article-title":"A graphene-based electrochemical device with thermoresponsive microneedles for diabetes monitoring and therapy","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.11.009","article-title":"Dissolvable layered microneedles with core-shell structures for transdermal drug delivery","volume":"83","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201909197","article-title":"4D printing of a bioinspired microneedle array with backward\u2010facing barbs for enhanced tissue adhesion","volume":"30","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib39","article-title":"Photo-responsive hydrogel microneedles with interlocking control for easy extraction in sustained ocular drug delivery","volume":"5","author":"Amer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Eng. Sci. Med. Diagn. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adh2213","article-title":"Blue-ringed octopus-inspired microneedle patch for robust tissue surface adhesion and active injection drug delivery","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib41","article-title":"Rolling stone gathers moss: rolling microneedles generate meta microfluidic microneedles (MMM)","volume":"34","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2025.102038","article-title":"Microneedles with an anisotropic porous microstructure facilitate the transdermal delivery of small molecules, lipid nanoparticles, and T cells","volume":"8","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Matter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-025-01609-z","article-title":"A programmable bioresorbable electrochemical microneedle sensor array for perioperative monitoring of organ health","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1304","article-title":"Current status and future potential of transdermal drug delivery","volume":"3","author":"Prausnitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12687","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c04206","article-title":"Functional hydrogels as wound dressing to enhance wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202500147","article-title":"Multifunctional hydrogel\u2010based wound dressings for scar\u2010free healing: design principles, therapeutic mechanisms, and clinical translation challenges","volume":"6","author":"Chai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Advanced NanoBiomed Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S448667","article-title":"Hydrogel loaded with components for therapeutic applications in hypertrophic scars and keloids","volume":"19","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Advancements in hydrogel design for articular cartilage regeneration: a comprehensive review","volume":"43","author":"Hashemi-Afzal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib30","article-title":"Hydrogel\u2010based flexible electronics","volume":"35","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03090-x","article-title":"A bibliometric analysis of hydrogel research in various fields: the trends and evolution of hydrogel application","volume":"23","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2025.217198","article-title":"From material-derived to artificial intelligence-empowered intelligent hydrogels","volume":"549","author":"Zheng","year":"2026","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2025.103470","article-title":"Smart hydrogel: a new platform for cancer therapy","volume":"340","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib44","first-page":"449","article-title":"Emerging biomedical technologies for scarless wound healing","volume":"42","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib45","first-page":"2400","article-title":"Bilayer dissolving microneedle array containing 5-fluorouracil and triamcinolone with biphasic release profile for hypertrophic scar therapy","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2013.07.006","article-title":"Hydrogel: Preparation, characterization, and applications: a review","volume":"6","author":"Ahmed","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cocis.2020.02.001","article-title":"Hydrogel design strategies for drug delivery","volume":"48","author":"Dreiss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.73010","article-title":"Superior impact\u2010resistant composite hydrogels through an ionic coupling strategy","volume":"38","author":"Zhuo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2025.109409","article-title":"Chitosan: an overview of its properties, solubility, functional technologies, food and health applications","volume":"550","author":"Edo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib50","article-title":"Engineered living systems based on Gelatin: design, manufacturing, and applications","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202402045","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid role in biomaterials prevascularization","volume":"13","author":"Simi\u0144ska\u2010Stanny","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16192755","article-title":"Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels: recent progress in fabrication, properties, and multifunctional applications","volume":"16","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib53","article-title":"Pharmaceutical assessment of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP): as excipient from conventional to controlled delivery systems with a spotlight on COVID-19 inhibition","volume":"60","author":"Kurakula","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2024.113208","article-title":"Chitosan: a sustainable biobased material for diverse applications","volume":"12","author":"Nwabike Amitaye","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124398","article-title":"Review: application of chitosan and its derivatives in medical materials","volume":"240","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8070393","article-title":"Chitosan: sources, processing and modification techniques","volume":"8","author":"Pellis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40643-019-0243-y","article-title":"Seafood waste: a source for preparation of commercially employable chitin\/chitosan materials","volume":"6","author":"Yadav","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asej.2023.102424","article-title":"Biopolymer chitosan: potential sources, extraction methods, and emerging applications","volume":"15","author":"Hisham","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ain Shams Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1486","article-title":"The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.005","article-title":"Chitosan: a review of sources and preparation methods","volume":"169","author":"(Gabriel) Kou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.059","article-title":"Chitosan-based microneedles as a potential platform for drug delivery through the skin: trends and regulatory aspects","volume":"184","author":"Gorantla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-019-1611-9","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization of thiolated Chitosan microneedle patch for transdermal delivery of tacrolimus","volume":"21","author":"Ahmad","year":"2020","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118168","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid based microneedle array: recent applications in drug delivery and cosmetology","volume":"267","author":"Saha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.10605","article-title":"Photocrosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogels: natural, biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds","volume":"82","author":"Baier Leach","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00192","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic trajectory","volume":"6","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3087","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2022.2125600","article-title":"The most promising microneedle device: present and future of hyaluronic acid microneedle patch","volume":"29","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ABME.0000017552.65260.94","article-title":"Photocrosslinkable Hyaluronan as a scaffold for articular cartilage repair","volume":"32","author":"Nettles","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2025.114571","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid methacrylate microneedles loaded with astaxanthin alleviate rheumatoid arthritis by downregulating the PI3K-AKT pathway","volume":"258","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202470069","article-title":"MiR\u2010141\u20103p\u2010Functionalized exosomes loaded in dissolvable microneedle arrays for hypertrophic scar treatment","volume":"20","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib70","first-page":"47","article-title":"Biomedical applications of gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels","volume":"2","author":"Piao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eng. Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.09.019","article-title":"Gelatin-based nanoparticles as drug and gene delivery systems: reviewing three decades of research","volume":"172","author":"Elzoghby","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.3c01021","article-title":"Chemical and structural engineering of Gelatin-based delivery systems for therapeutic applications: a review","volume":"25","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1021\/bm990017d","article-title":"Structural and rheological properties of methacrylamide modified Gelatin hydrogels","volume":"1","author":"Van Den Bulcke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.08.045","article-title":"Synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels","volume":"73","author":"Yue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10111290","article-title":"Synthesis and properties of Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels and their recent applications in load-bearing tissue","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/polym8080269","article-title":"3D culture of chondrocytes in Gelatin hydrogels with different stiffness","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201500005","article-title":"Photocrosslinkable Gelatin hydrogel for epidermal tissue engineering","volume":"5","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib78","article-title":"Beyond natural silk: bioengineered silk fibroin for bone regeneration","volume":"33","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202405255","article-title":"Multifunctional hydrogel based on silk fibroin promotes tissue repair and regeneration","volume":"34","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.10.012","article-title":"A comprehensive review of silk-fibroin hydrogels for cell and drug delivery applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","volume":"21","author":"Madappura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020355","article-title":"Silk fibroin microneedles for transdermal drug delivery: where do we stand and how far can we proceed?","volume":"15","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.178","article-title":"Swellable silk fibroin microneedles for transdermal drug delivery","volume":"106","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2011.06.003","article-title":"Alginate: properties and biomedical applications","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-024-06151-2","article-title":"Sources, extractions, and applications of alginate: a review","volume":"6","author":"Rahman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discov. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11090758","article-title":"Research progress of sodium alginate-based hydrogels in biomedical engineering","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.086","article-title":"Ions-induced gelation of alginate: mechanisms and applications","volume":"177","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib87","article-title":"LipoGels: robust self\u2010lubricating physically cross\u2010linked alginate hydrogels embedded with liposomes","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-026-01687-7","article-title":"Cell-based cytokine patch for localized immunomodulation and accelerated healing in rodent and porcine wounds","author":"Schreib","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12051114","article-title":"The use of Poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) in the delivery of drugs: a review","volume":"12","author":"Franco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17883","DOI":"10.1039\/C5DT02964C","article-title":"Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in nanoparticle synthesis","volume":"44","author":"Koczkur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-020-01909-4","article-title":"Multifunctional role of polyvinylpyrrolidone in pharmaceutical formulations","volume":"22","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2022.2155778","article-title":"PVP-microneedle array for drug delivery: mechanical insight, biodegradation, and recent advances","volume":"34","author":"Mangang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.4c01207","article-title":"Highly water-soluble microneedle patch for short wear time and rapid drug delivery","volume":"22","author":"Wood-Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s44258-024-00023-5","article-title":"Dissolvable microneedle patch enables local delivery of immunomodulatory microparticles containing bifunctional molecules for periodontal tissue regeneration","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med-X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(02)00258-2","article-title":"Review of the oral toxicity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)","volume":"41","author":"DeMerlis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2018.11.008","article-title":"Biomaterials of PVA and PVP in medical and pharmaceutical applications: perspectives and challenges","volume":"37","author":"Teodorescu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-30279-9","article-title":"Randomized double-blind crossover trial of a transdermal maltose dissolvable microneedle patch for topical anesthesia before intravenous cannulation for thalassemia children","volume":"16","author":"Jalal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib98","article-title":"Activated carbon\u2010reinforced super\u2010structured porous hydrogel with robust mechanical and excellent pro\u2010healing properties for abdominal wall defect repair","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11020088","article-title":"Synthesis of PVA-based hydrogels for biomedical applications: recent trends and advances","volume":"11","author":"Rahman Khan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib100","article-title":"Bioinspired adaptable indwelling microneedles for treatment of diabetic ulcers","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2026.01.006","article-title":"Strong, tough, and dynamically reversible hydrogels enabled by a freeze\u2013thawing, densification, and crosslinking strategy","volume":"93","author":"Ahmed","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6288","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200902672","article-title":"Poly(ethylene glycol) in drug delivery: pros and cons as well as potential alternatives","volume":"49","author":"Knop","year":"2010","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25831","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161025831","article-title":"Site-specific PEGylation of therapeutic proteins","volume":"16","author":"Dozier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-008-9801-2","article-title":"PEG hydrogels for the controlled release of biomolecules in regenerative medicine","volume":"26","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib105","article-title":"Poly ethylene glycol (PEG)\u2010Based hydrogels for drug delivery in cancer therapy: a comprehensive review","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phpro.2012.05.004","article-title":"Poly(Ethylene glycol) in drug delivery, why does it work, and can we do better? All atom molecular dynamics simulation provides some answers","volume":"34","author":"Bunker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Procedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfluidstructs.2015.10.010","article-title":"Fluid\u2013structure interaction analysis of a morphing vertical axis wind turbine","volume":"60","author":"MacPhee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Fluid Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-025-00321-6","article-title":"Polyethylene glycol immunogenicity in nanomedicine","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-025-01275-0","article-title":"Investigation of mechanical forces during multicellular early angiogenic sprouting by three-dimensional traction force microscopy in hydrogel matrices","volume":"21","author":"Shapeti","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9550","DOI":"10.1039\/D2RA00189F","article-title":"Investigation on photopolymerization of PEGDA to fabricate high-aspect-ratio microneedles","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10070","article-title":"Peptide delivery with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate microneedles through swelling effect","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioeng. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13747","article-title":"Chemical and mechanical characterization of hyaluronic acid hydrogel cross\u2010linked with polyethylen glycol and its use in dermatology","volume":"33","author":"Zerbinati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41074","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA09344C","article-title":"Design and performance of a poly(vinyl alcohol)\/silk fibroin enzymatically crosslinked semi-interpenetrating hydrogel for a potential hydrophobic drug delivery","volume":"9","author":"Niu","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15077","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TB00845J","article-title":"Rapidly dissolving and detachable microneedles loaded with antimicrobial peptides for acne vulgaris treatment","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2025.103691","article-title":"Tissue engineering: hydrogel scaffolds and mechanical properties as key design parameters","volume":"347","author":"Goswami","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-022-00179-7","article-title":"Engineered hydrogels for mechanobiology","volume":"2","author":"Blache","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202001012","article-title":"A novel dual\u2010crosslinked functional hydrogel activated by POSS for accelerating wound healing","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2025.125323","article-title":"Advances in the application of natural\/synthetic hybrid hydrogels in tissue engineering and delivery systems: a comprehensive review","volume":"672","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.20965\/jrm.2020.p0401","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization of a biodegradable hollow microneedle from Chitosan","volume":"32","author":"Suzuki","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Robot. Mechatron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib120","first-page":"497","article-title":"Biguanide chitosan microneedles with cell-free DNA scavenging ability for psoriasis therapy","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202300194","article-title":"A novel methacryloyl Chitosan hydrogel microneedles patch with sustainable drug release property for effective treatment of psoriasis","volume":"23","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.127988","article-title":"A universal powder-laden crosslinked chitosan microneedle patch for high-dose controllable drug delivery","volume":"255","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib123","article-title":"An ultraswelling microneedle device for facile and efficient drug loading and transdermal delivery","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.3c01810","article-title":"Efficient loading and sustained delivery of methotrexate using a tip-swellable microneedle array patch for psoriasis treatment","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2017.12.015","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of hyaluronic acid hydrogels crosslinked using a solvent-free process for potential biomedical applications","volume":"181","author":"Larra\u00f1eta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8260","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1505405112","article-title":"Microneedle-array patches loaded with hypoxia-sensitive vesicles provide fast glucose-responsive insulin delivery","volume":"112","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12301","article-title":"A review of the metabolism of 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether-crosslinked hyaluronic acid dermal fillers","volume":"39","author":"De Boulle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37933","article-title":"Detachable microneedles with crosslinked hyaluronic acid as superficial skin filler","volume":"113","author":"Toprangkobsin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib129","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hydrogel-crosslinked microneedles based on microwave-assisted drying method","volume":"2022","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13327","article-title":"Advances in dermatological application of GelMA hydrogel microneedles","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Skin Res. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib131","article-title":"Gelatin methacryloyl microneedle patches for minimally invasive extraction of skin interstitial fluid","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2025.113877","article-title":"Microsphere-integrated hydrogel microneedle patch for sustained methotrexate delivery in the long-term management of atopic dermatitis","volume":"229","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03831-y","article-title":"Biomimetic dual-crosslinked GelMA-SilMA hydrogel microneedle for delivering DSPE-PEG2K-TAT-modified quercetin liposomes to treat rheumatoid arthritis via the caspase-8\/caspase-3\/GSDME pathway","volume":"23","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.10.063","article-title":"Fabrication of biodegradable composite microneedles based on calcium sulfate and gelatin for transdermal delivery of insulin","volume":"71","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib135","article-title":"Biodegradable microneedle fabricated from sodium alginate-gelatin for transdermal delivery of clindamycin","volume":"32","author":"Tiraton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Today Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s41120-023-00074-9","article-title":"Transdermal drug delivery system of lidocaine hydrochloride based on dissolving gelatin\/sodium carboxymethylcellulose microneedles","volume":"9","author":"Bahmani","year":"2023","journal-title":"AAPS Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-013-1240-z","article-title":"Microneedle-assisted permeation of lidocaine carboxymethylcellulose with gelatine Co-polymer hydrogel","volume":"31","author":"Nayak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b00229","article-title":"Insulin-loaded silk fibroin microneedles as sustained release system","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16223183","article-title":"Ultrasonication-induced preparation of high-mechanical-strength microneedles using stable silk fibroin","volume":"16","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8010050","article-title":"Glucose-responsive silk fibroin microneedles for transdermal delivery of insulin","volume":"8","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomimetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib141","article-title":"Multifunctional microneedle patches loaded with engineered nitric oxide\u2010releasing nanocarriers for targeted and synergistic chronic wound therapy","volume":"37","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib142","article-title":"Enalaprilat reverses neutrophil polarization imbalance via targeting taurine-STING axis for treatment of diabetic wounds","volume":"7","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3417","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16093417","article-title":"Preparation and properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone\/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose soluble microneedles","volume":"16","author":"Qiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5067","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA27476E","article-title":"Fabrication of two-layer dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone microneedles with different molecular weights for in vivo insulin transdermal delivery","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.04.055","article-title":"Fabrication of composite microneedles integrated with insulin-loaded CaCO3 microparticles and PVP for transdermal delivery in diabetic rats","volume":"90","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib146","article-title":"A novel subcutaneous body fluid extraction strategy based on poly(vinyl alcohol) dual-layer hydrogel microneedle arrays enabling sustainable power supply of biofuel cells","volume":"525","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8014","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TB00542F","article-title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol)\/sacran hydrogel microneedles for anticancer transdermal drug delivery","volume":"13","author":"Supachettapun","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15072007","article-title":"Preparation and evaluation of auxiliary permeable microneedle patch composed of polyvinyl alcohol and Eudragit NM30D aqueous dispersion","volume":"15","author":"Xing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adj7067","article-title":"Pain-free oral delivery of biologic drugs using intestinal peristalsis-actuated microneedle robots","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202414871","article-title":"mPatch: a wearable hydrogel microneedle patch for In Vivo optical sensing of calcium","volume":"64","author":"Behnam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1039\/D3BM01551C","article-title":"Advances in biomedical systems based on microneedles: design, fabrication, and application","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.08.031","article-title":"Multilayered pyramidal dissolving microneedle patches with flexible pedestals for improving effective drug delivery","volume":"265","author":"Lau","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.05.006","article-title":"Long-acting microneedles: a progress report of the state-of-the-art techniques","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib154","article-title":"Highly active frozen nanovesicles microneedles for senile wound healing via Antibacteria, immunotherapy, and skin regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308217","article-title":"Self\u2010heating multistage microneedle patch for topical therapy of skin cancer","volume":"36","author":"Shao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smmd.137","article-title":"Multifunctional silk and Gelatin composed microneedle patches for enhanced wound healing","volume":"4","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Smart Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib157","article-title":"Double-layered microneedle patch for melanoma chemo\/photothermal co-therapy and wound healing","volume":"44","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaf3627","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf3627","article-title":"Advances in engineering hydrogels","volume":"356","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.07.009","article-title":"Basic principles of hydrogel-based tissue transformation technologies and their applications","volume":"184","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1039\/C8BM01246F","article-title":"Advances in crosslinking strategies of biomedical hydrogels","volume":"7","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2026.102104","article-title":"Physical crosslinking in double network hydrogels: structural design, toughening mechanisms, and functional diversity","volume":"175","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7918","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5c00069","article-title":"Noncovalent aggregation for diverse properties in hydrogels: a comprehensive review","volume":"125","author":"Duan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.33448\/rsd-v12i8.43073","article-title":"Recent advances in the development of the physically crosslinked hydrogels and their biomedical applications","volume":"12","author":"Siqueira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research, Society and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1351\/PAC-REC-10-01-02","article-title":"Definition of the hydrogen bond (IUPAC recommendations 2011)","volume":"83","author":"Arunan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1007\/s10934-018-0687-z","article-title":"Poly(lactic acid) based hydrogels: formation, characteristics and biomedical applications","volume":"26","author":"Munim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Porous Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202529119","article-title":"Decoding the hydro\u2010mechanical mechanism of a shape memory microneedle scaffold for adaptive vaginal wound repair","volume":"36","author":"Gong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/acb98e","article-title":"Freeze\u2013thaw hydrogel fabrication method: basic principles, synthesis parameters, properties, and biomedical applications","volume":"10","author":"Waresindo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53295","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c14298","article-title":"Ultrasmall self-cascade bimetallic Au2 Pd3 nanozymes encapsulated hydrogel microneedles for photothermal-augmented nanocatalytic therapy of diabetic wound infections","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2026.125135","article-title":"An adhesive chitosan microneedle patch incorporating a sargassum-derived polysaccharide for skin repair","volume":"381","author":"Ouyang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10070419","article-title":"Chitosan\u2013Type-A-Gelatin hydrogels used as potential platforms in tissue engineering for drug delivery","volume":"10","author":"Mehdi-Sefiani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s00289-025-06053-2","article-title":"Hydrogels: classification, cross-linking methods, characteristics, and current trends in biomedical applications","volume":"83","author":"Kumar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Polym. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16965","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.3c02255","article-title":"Advances, applications, and emerging opportunities in electrostatic hydrogels","volume":"39","author":"Senebandith","year":"2023","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14153023","article-title":"Novel trends in hydrogel development for biomedical applications: a review","volume":"14","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Cid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaenm.3c00726","article-title":"Designing ultrahigh-water-content, tough, and crack-resistant hydrogels by balancing chemical cross-linking and physical entanglement","volume":"2","author":"Yue","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Engineering Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2024.101378","article-title":"Water: the soul of hydrogels","volume":"148","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.149595","article-title":"Aloe extract-loaded cationized silk fibroin\/oxidized hyaluronic acid injectable self-healing hydrogel for diabetic wound healing","volume":"338","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.09.009","article-title":"Novel crosslinking methods to design hydrogels","volume":"64","author":"Hennink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib178","article-title":"A strategy involving microporous microneedles integrated with CAR\u2010TREM2\u2010Macrophages for scar management by regulating fibrotic microenvironment","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib180","article-title":"Kinsenoside\u2010loaded microneedle accelerates diabetic wound healing by reprogramming macrophage metabolism via inhibiting IRE1\u03b1\/XBP1 signaling axis","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celbio.2025.100251","article-title":"Local microneedle delivery of calcium channel blockers for preventing abdominal adhesions","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2023.215170","article-title":"Dynamic boronate esters cross-linked guanosine hydrogels: a promising biomaterial for emergent applications","volume":"488","author":"Ghosh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib182","first-page":"1","article-title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels: the old and new functional materials","volume":"2021","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000307","article-title":"Hydrogel\u2010forming microneedles: current advancements and future trends","volume":"21","author":"Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2025.125800","article-title":"HAMA\/GelMA-based hydrogel microneedle patch via DLP 3D bioprinting for high-efficiency ISF extraction","volume":"680","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19925","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c04758","article-title":"Multifunctional microneedle patches via direct ink drawing of nanocomposite inks for personalized transdermal drug delivery","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-024-00531-1","article-title":"In situ-formed cryomicroneedles for intradermal cell delivery","volume":"16","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPG Asia Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib184","first-page":"303","article-title":"Going below and beyond the surface: microneedle structure, materials, drugs, fabrication, and applications for wound healing and tissue regeneration","volume":"27","author":"Lyu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib185","article-title":"Supramolecular assembly\u2010enabled transdermal therapy of hypertrophic scarring through concurrent ferroptosis\u2010apoptosis","volume":"35","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib186","first-page":"222","article-title":"Design and fabrication of customizable microneedles enabled by 3D printing for biomedical applications","volume":"32","author":"Loh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1157541","article-title":"Fabrication and optimization of 3D printed gelatin methacryloyl microneedle arrays based on vat photopolymerization","volume":"11","author":"Baykara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1039\/D2ME00066K","article-title":"Digital light processing 3D printing of hydrogels: a minireview","volume":"7","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Systems Design & Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2023.101188","article-title":"Rheology and printability: a survey of critical relationships for direct ink write materials design","volume":"140","author":"Rau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-016-0328-5","article-title":"Novel in situ forming hydrogel microneedles for transdermal drug delivery","volume":"7","author":"Sivaraman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61503","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c07108","article-title":"Emerging frontiers in in situ forming hydrogels for enhanced hemostasis and accelerated wound healing","volume":"16","author":"Sarkhel","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9537","DOI":"10.1039\/D5MH01356A","article-title":"In Situ formed hydrogels for soft bioelectronics","volume":"12","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41459","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c05949","article-title":"Local and systemic drug delivery using responsive microneedles","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib197","article-title":"Engineering stimuli\u2010responsive materials for precision medicine","volume":"21","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib198","article-title":"Stimulus\u2010responsive hydrogels as drug delivery systems for inflammation targeted therapy","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.supmat.2025.100120","article-title":"Stimuli-responsive protein hydrogels: from dynamic tuning of hydrogel mechanics to shape morphing","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Supramolecular Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17111451","article-title":"pH-Responsive hydrogels: recent advances in pharmaceutical applications","volume":"17","author":"Patroklou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib201","first-page":"427","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species-sensitive materials: a promising strategy for regulating inflammation and favoring tissue regeneration","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib202","first-page":"101","article-title":"ROS-responsive drug delivery systems for biomedical applications","volume":"13","author":"Tao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmaterialsau.4c00138","article-title":"Glucose-responsive materials for smart insulin delivery: from protein-based to protein-free design","volume":"5","author":"Pal","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Mater. Au"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rbac056","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbac056","article-title":"Recent advances in glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems: novel hydrogels and future applications","volume":"9","author":"Mohanty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Regen. Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c09115","article-title":"Harnessing endogenous stimuli for responsive materials in theranostics","volume":"15","author":"Cook","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preme.2024.100001","article-title":"Stimulus-responsive polysaccharide-based hydrogels: from design to biomedical applications","volume":"1","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Precision Medicine and Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib207","article-title":"Smart pH-Responsive polymers in biomedical applications: nanoparticles, hydrogels, and emerging hybrid platforms","volume":"49","author":"Nunziata","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2828","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.20230403","article-title":"pH \u2010responsive polymers for drug delivery: trends and opportunities","volume":"61","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03736-w","article-title":"Bletilla striata polysaccharide microneedles with astragaloside \u2163 loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles for wound healing and anti-scar treatment","volume":"23","author":"Jimo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116922","article-title":"Self-healing hyaluronic acid hydrogels based on dynamic Schiff base linkages as biomaterials","volume":"250","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2025.114375","article-title":"Three-in-one bilayer microneedle patch for ultrasound-activated antibacterial therapy and immune modulation in wound healing","volume":"388","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib215","first-page":"131","article-title":"Glucose oxidase: an emerging multidimensional treatment option for diabetic wound healing","volume":"44","author":"Liao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202417774","article-title":"Amyloid\u2010templated ceria nanozyme reinforced microneedle for diabetic wound treatments","volume":"37","author":"Xuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2025.217166","article-title":"Phenylboronic acid biomaterials: from chemical principles to material design","volume":"548","author":"Kang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0508-y","article-title":"Glucose-responsive insulin patch for the regulation of blood glucose in mice and minipigs","volume":"4","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.160663","article-title":"Nanomaterials via ZIF-8: preparations, catalytic and drug delivery applications","volume":"508","author":"Sahu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3941","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NA01015A","article-title":"Synthesis methods, structure, and recent trends of ZIF-8-based materials in the biomedical field","volume":"7","author":"Tran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nanoscale Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.202500582","article-title":"Zeolitic imidazolate Framework\u20108 as a ph-responsive smart targeted release nanoplatform for antibacterial therapy and wound regeneration","volume":"20","author":"Su","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem.--Asian J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-023-00473-9","article-title":"Research advances in smart responsive-hydrogel dressings with potential clinical diabetic wound healing properties","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Milit. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1039\/D5PM00083A","article-title":"Phenylboronic acid derivatives: advancing glucose-responsive insulin delivery and multifunctional biomedical applications","volume":"2","author":"Boakye-Yiadom","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10040260","article-title":"Recent insights into glucose-responsive concanavalin A-Based smart hydrogels for controlled insulin delivery","volume":"10","author":"Bercea","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.048","article-title":"Glucose sensitive konjac glucomannan\/concanavalin A nanoparticles as oral insulin delivery system","volume":"202","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17287","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c14373","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species-responsive polymer drug delivery system targeted oxidative stressed Colon cells to ameliorate colitis","volume":"19","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7206","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TB00615D","article-title":"Thioether-based ROS responsive polymers for biomedical applications","volume":"10","author":"Criado-Gonzalez","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.3c02264","article-title":"ROS-responsive 4D printable acrylic thioether-based hydrogels for smart drug release","volume":"36","author":"Regato-Herbella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03946-2","article-title":"Microneedle-delivered ROS-adaptive asiatic acid nanoparticles promote scarless repair via remodeling the pathological microenvironment","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.122865","article-title":"ROS-responsive double-layer microneedles enable sequential antibacterial and immunomodulatory therapy for infected wound healing","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib228","article-title":"Selenium-functionalized hyaluronic acid dissolvable microneedle patch synergistic herbal shikonin-loaded tetrahedral framework nucleic acids for psoriasis therapy","volume":"35","author":"Zhuo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1039\/D5BM01624J","article-title":"Advances in phenylboronic acid and phenylboronic ester-based responsive systems for precision medicine","volume":"14","author":"Nair","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.4c00691","article-title":"Designing functional and responsive molecules with boronic acids","volume":"58","author":"Ant\u00f3nio","year":"2025","journal-title":"Accounts Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1021\/polymscitech.5c00062","article-title":"Elemental selenium\/tellurium in polymer assemblies: responsive innovation","volume":"2","author":"Ge","year":"2026","journal-title":"Polymer Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.11.065","article-title":"A ROS-responsive hydrogel that targets inflamed mucosa to relieve ulcerative colitis by reversing intestinal mucosal barrier loss","volume":"377","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1021\/polymscitech.5c00102","article-title":"From light to life: molecular mechanisms and macroscopic transformations in photoresponsive hydrogels","volume":"1","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Polymer Science & Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5589","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01268H","article-title":"Electro-responsive hydrogels: macromolecular and supramolecular approaches in the biomedical field","volume":"8","author":"Carayon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2025.123143","article-title":"Advances in magnetic microneedles: from fabrications to applications","volume":"318","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib236","article-title":"Application of ultrasound and ultrasound-responsive materials in wounds: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073665","article-title":"Smart hydrogels for advanced drug delivery systems","volume":"23","author":"Bordbar-Khiabani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.12.036","article-title":"Photoresponsive polymeric microneedles: an innovative way to monitor and treat diseases","volume":"353","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2024.109527","article-title":"Multifunctional photothermal hydrogels: design principles, various functions, and promising biological applications","volume":"35","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.34133\/research.0141","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine integrated responsive microneedles for systemic sclerosis treatment","volume":"6","author":"Luan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202405190","article-title":"Dissolving microneedles embedded with photosensitizers for targeted eradication of gram\u2010positive bacteria in multidrug\u2010resistant biofilms in diabetic wound infections","volume":"14","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5736","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50045-1","article-title":"Self-powered triboelectric-responsive microneedles with controllable release of optogenetically engineered extracellular vesicles for intervertebral disc degeneration repair","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib249","article-title":"Magneto\u2010responsive microneedle robots for intestinal macromolecule delivery","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-58075-z","article-title":"Wearable flexible ultrasound microneedle patch for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2023.215350","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy combined with immunotherapy: recent advances and future research directions","volume":"495","author":"Warszy\u0144ska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coord. Chem. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202200494","article-title":"Hydrogel combined with phototherapy in wound healing","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15594","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.5c03919","article-title":"Spatiotemporally orchestrated microneedle patch synergizing photodynamic therapy, ROS scavenging, and photosynthetic oxygenation for chronically infected wound healing","volume":"25","author":"Jia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2059513120932059","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for keloids and hypertrophic scars: a review","volume":"6","author":"Tosa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scars, Burns & Healing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(03)00303-1","article-title":"Electro-responsive drug delivery from hydrogels","volume":"92","author":"Murdan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202507559","article-title":"Stimuli\u2010responsive materials for biomedical applications","volume":"37","author":"Teixeira Do Nascimento","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15212\/bioi-2025-0095","article-title":"Combined ultrasound and microneedle for enhanced transdermal delivery: synergistic mechanisms and therapeutic advances","volume":"6","author":"Lei","year":"2025","journal-title":"BIO Integration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adf0854","article-title":"Ultrasound-triggered interfacial engineering-based microneedle for bacterial infection acne treatment","volume":"9","author":"Xiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib253","article-title":"Recent advances on thermosensitive hydrogels-mediated precision therapy","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2024.03.068","article-title":"Thermo-responsive microneedles patch for transdermal drug delivery via squeezing in diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"205","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2911","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.4c06284","article-title":"Photothermal conjugated polymer microneedle with biofilm elimination and angiogenesis for diabetic wound healing","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142222","article-title":"The eradication of biofilm for therapy of bacterial infected chronic wound based on pH-responsive micelle of antimicrobial peptide derived biodegradable microneedle patch","volume":"462","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib257","article-title":"pH-responsive Chinese herbal microneedles for acne therapy: a groundbreaking approach to skincare","volume":"97","author":"Xin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.148840","article-title":"Dissolving microneedle-mediated transdermal delivery of flurbiprofen axetil-loaded pH-responsive liposomes for arthritis treatment","volume":"482","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9987","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.120879","article-title":"ROS-targeting heterojunction-integrated GelMA microneedles for photo-responsive antioxidative action and accelerated diabetic wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.34133\/bmef.0044","article-title":"Baroreceptor-inspired microneedle skin patch for pressure-controlled drug release","volume":"5","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"BME Front."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2025.01.033","article-title":"Multifunctional origami magnetic-responsive soft actuators with modular designs","volume":"232","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2023.115802","article-title":"3D-printed, aptamer-based microneedle sensor arrays using magnetic placement on live rats for pharmacokinetic measurements in interstitial fluid","volume":"244","author":"Reynoso","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31645","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c05952","article-title":"Conductive microneedle patch with electricity-triggered drug release performance for atopic dermatitis treatment","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib264","article-title":"Ionic hydrogel sensors toward next\u2010gen personalized healthcare","volume":"38","author":"Sun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c08979","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species-responsive gel-based microneedle patches for prolonged and intelligent psoriasis management","volume":"17","author":"Bi","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib266","article-title":"ROS\u2010Responsive microneedle patches enable peri\u2010lacrimal gland therapeutic administration for long\u2010acting therapy of Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome\u2010related dry eye","volume":"12","author":"Mu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.127548","article-title":"Gelatinase-responsive biodegradable targeted microneedle patch for abscess wound treatment of S. aureus infection","volume":"253","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.143126","article-title":"Enzyme-responsive microneedle patch for bacterial infection and accelerated healing of diabetic wounds","volume":"466","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13724","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c02891","article-title":"A woundplast of hydrogel microneedles with in vivo ATP-responsive therapeutic logic for bacteria-infected wound healing","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2025.123641","article-title":"Glucose-responsive hydrogel with adaptive insulin release to modulate hyperglycemic microenvironment and promote wound healing","volume":"326","author":"Zhou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.139674","article-title":"Multifunctional mesoporous superparamagnetic iron oxide-based nanocomposites for synergistic photothermal\/fenton therapy in the treatment of acne vulgaris","volume":"707","author":"Hou","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2024.05.045","article-title":"Direct 3D printing of triple-responsive nanocomposite hydrogel microneedles for controllable drug delivery","volume":"670","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2009.00533.x","article-title":"Differences in collagen architecture between keloid, hypertrophic scar, normotrophic scar, and normal skin: an objective histopathological analysis","volume":"17","author":"Verhaegen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001507","article-title":"Burn scar biomechanics after pressure garment therapy","volume":"136","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318220b159","article-title":"Improving cutaneous scar formation by controlling the mechanical environment: large animal and phase I studies","volume":"254","author":"Gurtner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00306-w","article-title":"Crosstalk between mechanotransduction and metabolism","volume":"22","author":"Romani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib286","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine for hypertrophic scars-A review of the therapeutic methods and potential effects","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MH01910A","article-title":"A differential-targeting core\u2013shell microneedle patch with coordinated and prolonged release of mangiferin and MSC-derived exosomes for scarless skin regeneration","volume":"11","author":"Lyu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46328-2","article-title":"Endogenous stimuli-responsive separating microneedles to inhibit hypertrophic scar through remodeling the pathological microenvironment","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.80510","article-title":"Physiological mechanisms and therapeutic applications of microneedling: a narrative review","author":"Tehrani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10163","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c11016","article-title":"Down-regulating scar formation by microneedles directly via a mechanical communication pathway","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-02037-4","article-title":"Nano drug delivery systems: a promising approach to scar prevention and treatment","volume":"21","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4771","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.4c00972","article-title":"Research progress of hydrogel microneedles in wound management","volume":"10","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"tkad009","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkad009","article-title":"The application of corticosteroids for pathological scar prevention and treatment: current review and update","volume":"11","author":"Sheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Burns Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/02844310500430003","article-title":"Long-term outcome of intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of keloid scars in Asian patients","volume":"40","author":"Muneuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand. J. Plast. ReConstr. Surg. Hand Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181afaab0","article-title":"The emerging role of antineoplastic agents in the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars: a review","volume":"64","author":"Shridharani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734608322099","article-title":"Antimitotic drug injections and radiotherapy: a review of the effectiveness of treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Low. Extrem. Wounds"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181978753","article-title":"A review of the effectiveness of antimitotic drug injections for hypertrophic scars and keloids","volume":"63","author":"Xi-Qiao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib289","article-title":"Natural products for the treatment of hypertrophic scars: preclinical and clinical studies","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1247734","article-title":"Therapeutic role of exosomes and conditioned medium in keloid and hypertrophic scar and possible mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202400457","article-title":"ADSCC\u2010CM\u2010Induced Keratin hydrogel\u2010based bioactive microneedle patch containing triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of pathological scar","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20087","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c07829","article-title":"Microneedle-mediated biomimetic cyclodextrin metal organic frameworks for active targeting and treatment of hypertrophic scars","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib293","article-title":"Multifunctional layered microneedle patches enable transdermal angiogenesis and immunomodulation for scarless healing of thermal burn injuries","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12474","article-title":"Dynamic hypoxia in scar tissue during human hypertrophic scar progression","volume":"40","author":"Zheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1159\/000447016","article-title":"Acceleration of collagen breakdown by extracellular basic pH in human dermal fibroblasts","volume":"29","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib296","first-page":"5","article-title":"Properties, preparation, and applications of cellulose-based hydrogels","volume":"57","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Korea Tech. Assoc. Pulp Pap. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202407340","article-title":"Multifunctional hydrogel microneedle patches modulating oxi\u2010inflamm\u2010aging for diabetic wound healing","volume":"20","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbaf002","article-title":"pH-responsive hydrogel with dual-crosslinked network of polyvinyl alcohol\/boric acid for controlled release of salvianolic acid B: novel pro-regenerative mechanisms in scar inhibition and wound healing","volume":"12","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"Regen. Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13559","article-title":"Microneedling in the treatment of atrophic scars: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials","volume":"18","author":"Sitohang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13122853","article-title":"Hydrogel dressings for the treatment of burn wounds: an up-to-date overview","volume":"13","author":"Stoica","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16121571","article-title":"Advances in research of hydrogel microneedle-based delivery systems for disease treatment","volume":"16","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib302","author":"Suripeddi Muralidhar*"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11030206","article-title":"Multifunctional hydrogel microneedles (HMNs) in drug delivery and diagnostics","volume":"11","author":"Omidian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smsc.202500140","article-title":"Sustained\u2010release sitagliptin microneedles for scar prevention via fibroblast\u2010to\u2010adipocyte conversion","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15122621","article-title":"Soluble polymer microneedles loaded with interferon alpha 1b for treatment of hyperplastic scar","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114753","article-title":"Transdermal drug delivery via microneedles to mediate wound microenvironment","volume":"195","author":"Mo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.05.021","article-title":"Kinetics of skin resealing after insertion of microneedles in human subjects","volume":"154","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43309","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c06800","article-title":"Layered GelMA\/PEGDA hydrogel microneedle patch as an intradermal delivery system for hypertrophic scar treatment","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6604","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TB01449G","article-title":"Enhanced in vitro efficacy for inhibiting hypertrophic scar by bleomycin-loaded dissolving hyaluronic acid microneedles","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00097","article-title":"Salvianolic acids: potential source of natural drugs for the treatment of fibrosis disease and cancer","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2025.123773","article-title":"Tree thorns-inspired hyaluronic acid-based dissolving microneedles loaded with salvianolic acid B for effective hypertrophic scar treatment with enhanced long-term stability","volume":"364","author":"Mbituyimana","year":"2025","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1142\/S2339547814500137","article-title":"Drug-eluting microneedles for self-administered treatment of keloids","volume":"2","author":"Xue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib313","article-title":"Development and optimization of the Glabridin-loaded dissolving microneedle for enhanced treatment of keloid","volume":"8","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. X"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib314","article-title":"Dissolvable microneedles loaded with asiaticoside nanocrystals stabilized by Panax notoginseng saponins for hypertrophic scar treatment","volume":"98","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2059513119880301","article-title":"Percutaneous collagen induction (microneedling) for the management of non-atrophic scars: literature review","volume":"5","author":"Iosifidis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scars, Burns & Healing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.610472","article-title":"Autophagy regulation and photodynamic therapy: insights to improve outcomes of cancer treatment","volume":"10","author":"Martins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4185","DOI":"10.1039\/D0CS00173B","article-title":"Recent progress in photosensitizers for overcoming the challenges of photodynamic therapy: from molecular design to application","volume":"50","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib318","article-title":"Visible light-driven photodynamic therapy for hypertrophic scars with MOF armored microneedles patch","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1159\/000524990","article-title":"The emerging therapeutic targets for scar management: genetic and epigenetic landscapes","volume":"35","author":"Amjadian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31406-4","article-title":"Hypertrophic scarring: the greatest unmet challenge after burn injury","volume":"388","author":"Finnerty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00067.2017","article-title":"Wound healing: a cellular perspective","volume":"99","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03534-4","article-title":"Curcumin-loaded PLGA microparticles integrated with ZnO\/GelMA hydrogel microneedles for infectious wound healing and reduction of hypertrophic scars","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1039\/D2BM00572G","article-title":"Scar prevention through topical delivery of gelatin-tyramine-siSPARC nanoplex loaded in dissolvable hyaluronic acid microneedle patch across skin barrier","volume":"10","author":"Chun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.166356","article-title":"Hybrid inverse opal black phosphorus hydrogel microneedles for spatio-temporal chronic wound scarless healing","volume":"520","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4436","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14204436","article-title":"The treatment of keloid scars via modulating heterogeneous Gelatin-structured composite microneedles to control transdermal dual-drug release","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2023.02.003","article-title":"Transdermal delivery of protocatechuic aldehyde using hyaluronic acid\/gelatin-based microneedles for the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars","volume":"184","author":"Hao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39129-6","article-title":"Scarless wound healing programmed by core-shell microneedles","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.70078","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of 5\u2010Fluorouracil dissolving microneedle patch vs. 5\u2010Fluorouracil intralesional injection for the treatment of keloid scars: a randomised, single\u2010blinded, split\u2010scar study","volume":"33","author":"Leelawattanachai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-019-00316-3","article-title":"Dissolving triamcinolone-embedded microneedles for the treatment of keloids: a single-blinded intra-individual controlled clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae347","article-title":"Small interfering RNA microneedle patches versus silicone sheets in reducing postoperative scars: a randomized single-blinded intraindividually controlled clinical trial","volume":"192","author":"Lim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-022-02473-6","article-title":"Efficacy of a triamcinolone acetonide-loaded dissolving microneedle patch for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled split-scar study","volume":"315","author":"Disphanurat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib332","series-title":"Global Microneedles Market Size, Share, Industry Trends & Forecast 2026-2034, Verified Market Reports","author":"Takle","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.120491","article-title":"Trends of microneedle technology in the scientific literature, patents, clinical trials and internet activity","volume":"267","author":"Ingrole","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-026-02104-x","article-title":"Economic analysis of microneedle technology: cost-effectiveness, manufacturing scalability, and commercialization challenges","author":"Nguyen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571_bib335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.11.056","article-title":"White paper: understanding, informing and defining the regulatory science of microneedle-based dosage forms that are applied to the skin","volume":"378","author":"Dul","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"}],"container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426008161?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426008161?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:36:25Z","timestamp":1790336185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590006426008161"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":335,"alternative-id":["S2590006426008161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-0064"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-0064","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hydrogel microneedles functioning in pathological surroundings: where soft materials overcome hard scars","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Materials Today Bio","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103571","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103571"}}