{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T11:26:01Z","timestamp":1793964361554,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007625","name":"Cure Alzheimer's Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S10OD034259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S10OD034259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG081195"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG081195"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG086433"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG086433"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T06:38:56Z","timestamp":1789540736000},"page":"103682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Neuroimaging of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1) in Alzheimer's disease: Development of a novel 18F-labeled PET tracer"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Hua","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilay S.","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongle","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yafei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramya","family":"Tokala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinwu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph William","family":"Downey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Siewko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Breanna Lizeth","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madelyn Rose","family":"Hallisey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany A.","family":"Geronimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Margaret","family":"Banick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolph E.","family":"Tanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4340-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Can","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2076-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adx0043","article-title":"Neuroinflammation across neurological diseases","volume":"388","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-021-00806-4","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in neurological disorders: pharmacotherapeutic targets from bench to bedside","volume":"36","author":"Mishra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/INMD.20230027","article-title":"Recent advances in photobiomodulation therapy for brain diseases","volume":"2","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interdisciplinary Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)70016-5","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"Heneka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9050524","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"9","author":"Onyango","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01005","article-title":"Role of neuroinflammation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: cellular mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2023.0519","article-title":"The inflammatory puzzle: piecing together the links between neuroinflammation and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-019-01133-0","article-title":"Significant roles of neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: therapeutic targets for PD prevention","volume":"42","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Pharmacal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S210","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(11)70065-7","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease","volume":"18","author":"Hirsch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13668","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and immunoregulation in glioblastoma and brain metastases: recent developments in imaging approaches","volume":"206","author":"Roesler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib11","article-title":"Expression of tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase and production of kynurenine pathway metabolites in triple transgenic mice and human Alzheimer's disease brain","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2012.08485.x","article-title":"Quinolinic acid, the inescapable neurotoxin","volume":"279","author":"Guillemin","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8762","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b00461","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities in the discovery of new therapeutics targeting the kynurenine pathway","volume":"58","author":"Dounay","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1303012","article-title":"IDO2 is a critical mediator of autoantibody production and inflammatory pathogenesis in a mouse model of autoimmune arthritis","volume":"192","author":"Merlo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-017-0933-2","article-title":"Targeting TDO in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"34","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2014.1003012","article-title":"Expression profile of the human IDO1 protein, a cancer drug target involved in tumoral immune resistance","volume":"4","author":"Vigneron","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00388","article-title":"IDO and kynurenine metabolites in peripheral and CNS disorders","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm6131","article-title":"Restoring hippocampal glucose metabolism rescues cognition across Alzheimer's disease pathologies","volume":"385","author":"Minhas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.638854","article-title":"Indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase 1 deficiency suppresses seizures in epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0563-1","article-title":"Interactions between inflammatory mediators and corticosteroids regulate transcription of genes within the Kynurenine Pathway in the mouse hippocampus","volume":"13","author":"Brooks","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.110324","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of a new Carbon-11 labeled positron emission tomography radiotracer for RIPK1 neuroimaging","volume":"192","author":"Cheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib22","article-title":"Off-tumor IDO1 target engagements determine the cancer-immune set point and predict the immunotherapeutic efficacy","volume":"9","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"JITC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8136","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2357","article-title":"A first in man phase I trial of the oral immunomodulator, indoximod, combined with docetaxel in patients with metastatic solid tumors","volume":"5","author":"Soliman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.6b00391","article-title":"INCB24360 (Epacadostat), a highly potent and selective indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor for immuno-oncology","volume":"8","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2020.1781811","article-title":"Advances in the discovery and development of selective heme-displacing IDO1 inhibitors","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2018-5245","article-title":"Identification and characterization of the IDO1 inhibitor LY3381916","volume":"78","author":"Dorsey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17101289","article-title":"The development and evaluation of a novel highly selective PET radiotracer for targeting BET BD1","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6633","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c00034","article-title":"Discovery and optimization of novel Apo-IDO1 inhibitors by a pharmacophore-based structural simplification strategy","volume":"68","author":"Cen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1719190115","article-title":"Immune-modulating enzyme indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase is effectively inhibited by targeting its apo-form","volume":"115","author":"Nelp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-026-04897-y","article-title":"A heterobivalent claudin 18.2\/FAP dual-target PET probe enables enhanced imaging of gastric cancer","author":"Bai","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-016-0054-4","article-title":"The dual roles of cytokines in Alzheimer's disease: update on interleukins, TNF-\u03b1, TGF-\u03b2 and IFN-\u03b3","volume":"5","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-006-0562-6","article-title":"Increased intrathecal TGF-\u03b21, but not IL-12, IFN-\u03b3 and IL-10 levels in Alzheimer's disease patients","volume":"27","author":"Rota","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8197455","article-title":"Jak-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins","volume":"264","author":"Darnell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.2174\/15680096113139990073","article-title":"IDO+ DCs and signalling pathways","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2022.102461","article-title":"Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy","volume":"110","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm6131","article-title":"Restoring hippocampal glucose metabolism rescues cognition across Alzheimer's disease pathologies","volume":"385","author":"Minhas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-007-0229-7","article-title":"IDO expression in the brain: a double-edged sword","volume":"85","author":"Kwidzinski","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.51241","article-title":"The IFN-\u03b3-IDO1-kynureine pathway-induced autophagy in cervical cancer cell promotes phagocytosis of macrophage","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3142","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502125","article-title":"IDO1 and TGF-\u03b2 mediate protective effects of IFN-\u03b1 in antigen-induced arthritis","volume":"197","author":"Chalise","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib40","first-page":"136","article-title":"Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib41","article-title":"Evaluation of radiofluorinated carboximidamides as potential IDO-targeted PET tracers for cancer imaging","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s41181-024-00256-0","article-title":"Improved automated one-pot two-step radiosynthesis of (S)-[(18)F]FETrp, a radiotracer for PET imaging of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1)","volume":"9","author":"Maisonial-Besset","year":"2024","journal-title":"EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1002\/jlcr.3263","article-title":"Synthesis of [(18) F] 4-amino-N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N'-hydroxy-1,2,5-oxadiazole-3-carboximidamide (IDO5L): a novel potential PET probe for imaging of IDO1 expression","volume":"58","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Labelled Comp Radiopharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17667","article-title":"Concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution with 19F\u2212 and 18F","volume":"534","author":"Neumann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18040785","article-title":"Translocator protein-18 kDa (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and its clinical impact in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"18","author":"Dupont","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd870","article-title":"Endogenous kynurenines as targets for drug discovery and development","volume":"1","author":"Stone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery"}],"container-title":["Materials Today Bio"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426009270?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590006426009270?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T10:47:06Z","timestamp":1793962026000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590006426009270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S2590006426009270"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-0064"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-0064","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neuroimaging of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (Ido1) in Alzheimer's disease: Development of a novel 18F-labeled PET tracer","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Materials Today Bio","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.103682","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103682"}}