{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:45:52Z","timestamp":1786121152970,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":253,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013368","name":"German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","mucosalimmunology.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mucosal Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:08:54Z","timestamp":1783469334000},"page":"100380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Homeostatic and inflammatory functions of pulmonary GM-CSF"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Antonie","family":"Lechner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Gschwend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1040810103","article-title":"A low molecular weight factor in lung-conditioned medium stimulating granulocyte and monocyte colony formation in vitro","volume":"81","author":"Sheridan","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)71855-3","article-title":"Purification and properties of colony-stimulating factor from mouse lung-conditioned medium","volume":"252","author":"Burgess","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/309763a0","article-title":"Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding a murine haematopoietic growth regulator, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor","volume":"309","author":"Gough","year":"1984","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.2.292","article-title":"Purification and partial amino acid sequence of asialo murine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor","volume":"82","author":"Sparrow","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2999978","article-title":"The human gene encoding GM-CSF is at 5q21-q32, the chromosome region deleted in the 5q- anomaly","volume":"230","author":"Huebner","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3923623","article-title":"Human GM-CSF: molecular cloning of the complementary DNA and purification of the natural and recombinant proteins","volume":"228","author":"Wong","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V77.6.1131.1131","article-title":"Molecular physiology of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor","volume":"77","author":"Gasson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.6.1670","article-title":"Identification of a common nucleotide sequence in the 3\u2019-untranslated region of mRNA molecules specifying inflammatory mediators","volume":"83","author":"Caput","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90341-7","article-title":"A conserved AU sequence from the 3\u2019 untranslated region of GM-CSF mRNA mediates selective mRNA degradation","volume":"46","author":"Shaw","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.6.1693","article-title":"Generation of large numbers of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor","volume":"176","author":"Inaba","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.175.5.1157","article-title":"Identification of proliferating dendritic cell precursors in mouse blood","volume":"175","author":"Inaba","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/360258a0","article-title":"GM-CSF and TNF-alpha cooperate in the generation of dendritic Langerhans cells","volume":"360","author":"Caux","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"149","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0065","first-page":"2681","article-title":"Interactions of tumor necrosis factor with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other cytokines in the regulation of dendritic cell growth in vitro from early bipotent CD34+ progenitors in human bone marrow","volume":"1950","author":"Reid","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.4.1109","article-title":"Efficient presentation of soluble antigen by cultured human dendritic cells is maintained by granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin 4 and downregulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha","volume":"179","author":"Sallusto","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8171324","article-title":"Involvement of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in pulmonary homeostasis","volume":"264","author":"Dranoff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5592","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.12.5592","article-title":"Granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor-deficient mice show no major perturbation of hematopoiesis but develop a characteristic pulmonary pathology","volume":"91","author":"Stanley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90046-2","article-title":"Mice deficient for the IL-3\/GM-CSF\/IL-5 beta c receptor exhibit lung pathology and impaired immune response, while beta IL3 receptor-deficient mice are normal","volume":"2","author":"Nishinakamura","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9565","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.21.9565","article-title":"Hematopoietic and lung abnormalities in mice with a null mutation of the common beta subunit of the receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukins 3 and 5","volume":"92","author":"Robb","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119758","article-title":"Human pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with a defect in GM-CSF\/IL-3\/IL-5 receptor common beta chain expression","volume":"100","author":"Dirksen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.6.875","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis as an autoimmune disease with neutralizing antibody against granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor","volume":"190","author":"Kitamura","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2711","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080759","article-title":"Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis caused by deletion of the GM-CSFRalpha gene in the X chromosome pseudoautosomal region 1","volume":"205","author":"Martinez-Moczygemba","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080990","article-title":"Familial pulmonary alveolar proteinosis caused by mutations in CSF2RA","volume":"205","author":"Suzuki","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019682108","article-title":"Human IL-3\/GM-CSF knock-in mice support human alveolar macrophage development and human immune responses in the lung","volume":"108","author":"Willinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2016.05.017","article-title":"Conformational Changes in the GM-CSF Receptor Suggest a Molecular Mechanism for Affinity Conversion and Receptor Signaling","volume":"24","author":"Broughton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.022","article-title":"GM-CSF, IL-3, and IL-5 Family of Cytokines: Regulators of Inflammation","volume":"50","author":"Dougan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.350","article-title":"Molecular basis of cytokine receptor activation","volume":"62","author":"Lopez","year":"2010","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.05.053","article-title":"The Structure of the GM-CSF Receptor Complex Reveals a Distinct Mode of Cytokine Receptor Activation","volume":"134","author":"Hansen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2024.03.023","article-title":"Structure of the interleukin-5 receptor complex exemplifies the organizing principle of common beta cytokine signaling","volume":"84","author":"Caveney","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13430","article-title":"The \u03b2 Common Cytokine Receptor Family Reveals New Functional Paradigms From Structural Complexities","volume":"329","author":"Kan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-22-1396","article-title":"Distinct Assemblies of Heterodimeric Cytokine Receptors Govern Stemness Programs in Leukemia","volume":"13","author":"Kan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3298","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.11.3298.3298","article-title":"Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor signal transduction requires the proximal cytoplasmic domains of the alpha and beta subunits","volume":"82","author":"Weiss","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07100.x","article-title":"Interleukin-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin-5 transduce signals through two STAT5 homologs","volume":"14","author":"Mui","year":"1995","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4363","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-07-441311","article-title":"The signal transducers STAT5 and STAT3 control expression of Id2 and E2-2 during dendritic cell development","volume":"120","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"198","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0170","first-page":"4813","article-title":"Stat5 is required for CD103+ dendritic cell and alveolar macrophage development and protection from lung injury","volume":"1950","author":"Eddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabj0140","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abj0140","article-title":"C\/EBP\u03b2 regulates lipid metabolism and Pparg isoform 2 expression in alveolar macrophages","volume":"7","author":"D\u00f6rr","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.09.088","article-title":"PI3-kinase activation by GM-CSF in endothelium is upstream of Jak\/Stat pathway: Role of \u03b1GMR","volume":"337","author":"Dhar-Mascareno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.3.867","article-title":"Characterization of the role of the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor alpha subunit in the activation of JAK2 and STAT5","volume":"92","author":"Doyle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-12-3753","article-title":"GMCSF activates NF-kappaB via direct interaction of the GMCSF receptor with IkappaB kinase beta","volume":"102","author":"Ebner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-06-1999","article-title":"The phosphoserine-585\u2013dependent pathway of the GM-CSF\/IL-3\/IL-5 receptors mediates hematopoietic cell survival through activation of NF-\u03baB and induction of bcl-2","volume":"103","author":"Guthridge","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600948","article-title":"Growth factor pleiotropy is controlled by a receptor Tyr\/Ser motif that acts as a binary switch","volume":"25","author":"Guthridge","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90536-L","article-title":"A novel transforming protein (SHC) with an SH2 domain is implicated in mitogenic signal transduction","volume":"70","author":"Pelicci","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)31593-X","article-title":"A region in Shc distinct from the SH2 domain can bind tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors","volume":"269","author":"Blaikie","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7527937","article-title":"An alternative to SH2 domains for binding tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins","volume":"266","author":"Kavanaugh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90167-B","article-title":"The SH2 and SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2 links receptor tyrosine kinases to ras signaling","volume":"70","author":"Lowenstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-9822(93)90350-W","article-title":"SH2 and SH3 domains","volume":"3","author":"Pawson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr. Biol. CB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7587","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.13.7587","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor Provokes RAS Activation and Transcription of c-fos through Different Modes of Signaling","volume":"271","author":"Itoh","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-017-0708-5","article-title":"GM-CSF overexpression after influenza a virus infection prevents mortality and moderates M1-like airway monocyte\/macrophage polarization","volume":"19","author":"Halstead","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8547","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-63547-3","article-title":"GM-CSF-dependent CD301b+ mouse lung dendritic cells confer tolerance to inhaled allergens","volume":"16","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00652.x","article-title":"Compartmentalized transgene expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in mouse lung enhances allergic airways inflammation","volume":"113","author":"Lei","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2763","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024024330","article-title":"GM-CSF receptor expression determines opposing innate memory phenotypes at different stages of myelopoiesis","volume":"143","author":"Guerrero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.017","article-title":"Yolk Sac Macrophages, Fetal Liver, and Adult Monocytes Can Colonize an Empty Niche and Develop into Functional Tissue-Resident Macrophages","volume":"44","author":"van de Laar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.1.93","article-title":"Regulation of surface expression of the granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor in normal human myeloid cells","volume":"87","author":"Cannistra","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041300211","article-title":"Internalisation and recycling of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptor on a murine myelomonocytic leukemia","volume":"130","author":"Walker","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.3MA0918-347R","article-title":"Neutrophil GM-CSF receptor dynamics in acute lung injury","volume":"105","author":"De Alessandris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"issue":"170","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0275","first-page":"5359","volume":"1950","author":"Gregory","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.5.1579.405k01_1579_1585","article-title":"Receptor clearance obscures the magnitude of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor responses in mice to endotoxin or local infections","volume":"93","author":"Metcalf","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0285","first-page":"dev163485","article-title":"Human lung development: recent progress and new challenges","volume":"145","author":"Nikoli\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Camb. Engl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0141-3","article-title":"Cellular crosstalk in the development and regeneration of the respiratory system","volume":"20","author":"Zepp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2019.11.006","article-title":"Lung regeneration: a tale of mice and men","volume":"100","author":"Basil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.319418.118","article-title":"Repairing the lungs one breath at a time: How dedicated or facultative are you?","volume":"32","author":"Leach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13173","article-title":"Reconstructing lineage hierarchies of the distal lung epithelium using single-cell RNA-seq","volume":"509","author":"Treutlein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2822-7","article-title":"Capillary cell-type specialization in the alveolus","volume":"586","author":"Gillich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.53072","article-title":"Defining the role of pulmonary endothelial cell heterogeneity in the response to acute lung injury","volume":"9","author":"Niethamer","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12930","article-title":"Alveolar progenitor and stem cells in lung development, renewal and cancer","volume":"507","author":"Desai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4362","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1813952116","article-title":"Early lineage specification defines alveolar epithelial ontogeny in the murine lung","volume":"116","author":"Frank","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L653","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00503.2018","article-title":"Cell fate analysis in fetal mouse lung reveals distinct pathways for TI and TII cell development","volume":"317","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0335","article-title":"Genomic, epigenomic, and biophysical cues controlling the emergence of the lung alveolus","volume":"371, eabc3172","author":"Zepp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20210745","article-title":"Alveolar macrophages rely on GM-CSF from alveolar epithelial type 2 cells before and after birth","volume":"218","author":"Gschwend","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.09.009","article-title":"Lung Single-Cell Signaling Interaction Map Reveals Basophil Role in Macrophage Imprinting","volume":"175","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092080112","article-title":"Development of macrophages in the lungs of fetal rabbits, rats, and hamsters","volume":"208","author":"Sorokin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131199","article-title":"Alveolar macrophages develop from fetal monocytes that differentiate into long-lived cells in the first week of life via GM-CSF","volume":"210","author":"Guilliams","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1219179","article-title":"A lineage of myeloid cells independent of Myb and hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"336","author":"Schulz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13989","article-title":"Tissue-resident macrophages originate from yolk-sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors","volume":"518","author":"Gomez Perdiguero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.56890","article-title":"Diverse homeostatic and immunomodulatory roles of immune cells in the developing mouse lung at single cell resolution","volume":"9","author":"Domingo-Gonzalez","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.03.011","article-title":"C-Myb(+) erythro-myeloid progenitor-derived fetal monocytes give rise to adult tissue-resident macrophages","volume":"42","author":"Hoeffel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aaf4238","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf4238","article-title":"Specification of tissue-resident macrophages during organogenesis","volume":"353","author":"Mass","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3005","article-title":"Induction of the nuclear receptor PPAR-\u03b3 by the cytokine GM-CSF is critical for the differentiation of fetal monocytes into alveolar macrophages","volume":"15","author":"Schneider","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0390","series-title":"Holistic genetic barcoding reveals a lineage tree of tissue macrophage development","author":"Frank","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.152271","article-title":"Gene therapy of Csf2ra deficiency in mouse fetal monocyte precursors restores alveolar macrophage development and function","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004053","article-title":"Alveolar Macrophages Are Essential for Protection from Respiratory Failure and Associated Morbidity following Influenza Virus Infection","volume":"10","author":"Schneider","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194637","article-title":"Fate mapping analysis reveals that adult microglia derive from primitive macrophages","volume":"330","author":"Ginhoux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.10.007","article-title":"The Cytokine TGF-\u03b2 Promotes the Development and Homeostasis of Alveolar Macrophages","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabj2132","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abj2132","article-title":"The transcription factor EGR2 is indispensable for tissue-specific imprinting of alveolar macrophages in health and tissue repair","volume":"6","author":"McCowan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20242085","article-title":"A signal-responsive cooperative transcription factor network determines alveolar macrophage identity","volume":"223","author":"M\u00ednguez-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2018101233","article-title":"Bhlhe40 and Bhlhe41 transcription factors regulate alveolar macrophage self-renewal and identity","volume":"38","author":"Rauschmeier","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130028","article-title":"Transcription repressor Bach2 is required for pulmonary surfactant homeostasis and alveolar macrophage function","volume":"210","author":"Nakamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2007-0224RC","article-title":"The prolonged life-span of alveolar macrophages","volume":"38","author":"Murphy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.04.004","article-title":"Tissue-resident macrophages self-maintain locally throughout adult life with minimal contribution from circulating monocytes","volume":"38","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.12.001","article-title":"Fate mapping reveals origins and dynamics of monocytes and tissue macrophages under homeostasis","volume":"38","author":"Yona","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.08.007","article-title":"Hematopoietic Stem Cells Are the Major Source of Multilineage Hematopoiesis in Adult Animals","volume":"45","author":"Sawai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2016-0361OC","article-title":"Three Unique Interstitial Macrophages in the Murine Lung at Steady State","volume":"57","author":"Gibbings","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"141","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0460","first-page":"139","article-title":"Role of granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the regulation of murine alveolar macrophage proliferation and differentiation","volume":"1950","author":"Chen","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"issue":"202","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0465","first-page":"2700","article-title":"Distinctive effects of GM-CSF and M-CSF on proliferation and polarization of two major pulmonary macrophage populations","volume":"1950","author":"Draijer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0066-3","article-title":"Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis","volume":"5","author":"Trapnell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118461","article-title":"Pulmonary epithelial cell expression of GM-CSF corrects the alveolar proteinosis in GM-CSF-deficient mice","volume":"97","author":"Huffman","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.115219","article-title":"Menin orchestrates macrophage reprogramming to maintain the pulmonary immune homeostasis","volume":"44","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2021-0190OC","article-title":"Murine ex vivo cultured alveolar macrophages provide a novel tool to study tissue-resident macrophage behavior and function","volume":"66","author":"Gorki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01146-w","article-title":"Long-term culture-expanded alveolar macrophages restore their full epigenetic identity after transfer in vivo","volume":"23","author":"Subramanian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI140299","article-title":"The lung microenvironment shapes a dysfunctional response of alveolar macrophages in aging","volume":"131","author":"McQuattie-Pimentel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0500","article-title":"Lineage-specific enhancers activate self-renewal genes in macrophages and embryonic stem cells","volume":"351, aad5510","author":"Soucie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.08.009","article-title":"Fate mapping via Ms4a3-expression history traces monocyte-derived cells","volume":"178","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.6.2657","article-title":"The pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor\/interleukins 3\/5 beta c receptor-deficient mice is reversed by bone marrow transplantation","volume":"183","author":"Nishinakamura","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.4HI0316-157R","article-title":"Frontline Science: Coincidental null mutation of Csf2r\u03b1 in a colony of PI3K\u03b3-\/- mice causes alveolar macrophage deficiency and fatal respiratory viral infection","volume":"101","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2300626","article-title":"A Functional Assessment of Fetal Liver and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in the Lung Alveolar Environment","volume":"212","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-624809","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis highlights the conserved difference between embryonic and postnatal-derived alveolar macrophages","volume":"126","author":"Gibbings","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0568-x","article-title":"Influenza-induced monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages confer prolonged antibacterial protection","volume":"21","author":"Aegerter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabj5761","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abj5761","article-title":"Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages autonomously determine severe outcome of respiratory viral infection","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0540","series-title":"Diverse lung challenges elicit a conserved monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation blueprint","author":"Iliakis","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.08.010","article-title":"The Cytokine GM-CSF Drives the Inflammatory Signature of CCR2+ Monocytes and Licenses Autoimmunity","volume":"43","author":"Croxford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201911-2105OC","article-title":"Localization of Macrophages in the Human Lung via Design-based Stereology","volume":"201","author":"Hume","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3964","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11843-0","article-title":"Non-classical tissue monocytes and two functionally distinct populations of interstitial macrophages populate the mouse lung","volume":"10","author":"Schyns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaau0964","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau0964","article-title":"Two distinct interstitial macrophage populations coexist across tissues in specific subtissular niches","volume":"363","author":"Chakarov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaax8756","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aax8756","article-title":"Identification of a nerve-associated, lung-resident interstitial macrophage subset with distinct localization and immunoregulatory properties","volume":"5","author":"Ural","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.12.003","article-title":"Distinct developmental pathways from blood monocytes generate human lung macrophage diversity","volume":"54","author":"Evren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-024-01826-9","article-title":"Coordinated chemokine expression defines macrophage subsets across tissues","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2025.04.004","article-title":"IL-10 sensing by lung interstitial macrophages prevents bacterial dysbiosis-driven pulmonary inflammation and maintains immune homeostasis","volume":"58","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.06.012","article-title":"Homeostatic functions of monocytes and interstitial lung macrophages are regulated via collagen domain-binding receptor LAIR1","volume":"54","author":"Keerthivasan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadr4977","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adr4977","article-title":"Endothelial-driven TGF\u03b2 signaling supports lung interstitial macrophage development from monocytes","volume":"10","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadt0688","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adt0688","article-title":"GM-CSF derived from alveolar type 2 cells promotes CD301b+ cDC2 generation and allergic airway inflammation","volume":"10","author":"Gschwend","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.05.018","article-title":"GM-CSF mouse bone marrow cultures comprise a heterogeneous population of CD11c(+)MHCII(+) macrophages and dendritic cells","volume":"42","author":"Helft","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0313-5","article-title":"Macrophages, rather than DCs, are responsible for inflammasome activity in the GM-CSF BMDC model","volume":"20","author":"Erlich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-02-206318","article-title":"The concerted action of GM-CSF and Flt3-ligand on in vivo dendritic cell homeostasis","volume":"114","author":"Kingston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.03.027","article-title":"GM-CSF controls nonlymphoid tissue dendritic cell homeostasis but is dispensable for the differentiation of inflammatory dendritic cells","volume":"36","author":"Greter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20200817","article-title":"Group 2 innate lymphoid cells support hematopoietic recovery under stress conditions","volume":"218","author":"Sudo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025660","article-title":"Batf3-dependent CD11b(low\/-) peripheral dendritic cells are GM-CSF-independent and are not required for Th cell priming after subcutaneous immunization","volume":"6","author":"Edelson","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091844","article-title":"GM-CSF-dependent, CD103+ dermal dendritic cells play a critical role in Th effector cell differentiation after subcutaneous immunization","volume":"207","author":"King","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120204","article-title":"Transcriptional control of dendritic cell development","volume":"34","author":"Murphy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3006","article-title":"High-dimensional analysis of the murine myeloid cell system","volume":"15","author":"Becher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2025.116589","article-title":"GM-CSF and specific type 2 cytokines induce CD103+ and CD301b+ cell states in cDC1s and cDC2s","volume":"44","author":"Amon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201141540","article-title":"GM-CSF increases cross-presentation and CD103 expression by mouse CD8+ spleen dendritic cells","volume":"41","author":"Zhan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"issue":"186","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0655","first-page":"5184","article-title":"The acquisition of antigen cross-presentation function by newly formed dendritic cells","volume":"1950","author":"Sathe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.08.028","article-title":"Control of T helper 2 responses by transcription factor IRF4-dependent dendritic cells","volume":"39","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.11.003","article-title":"Skin-specific CD301b+ dermal dendritic cells drive IL-17-mediated psoriasis-like immune response in mice","volume":"138","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"issue":"188","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0670","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Organ-specific cellular requirements for in vivo dendritic cell generation","volume":"1950","author":"Miloud","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0675","series-title":"GPR183 targets lung-resident CD301b+ conventional dendritic cells type 2 to a subtissular TSLP \u2013 TSLP receptor mediated survival niche within the adventital cuff","author":"Zhang","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-018-0756-5","article-title":"Regulation of alveolar macrophage death in acute lung inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125984","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1125984","article-title":"Airway allergy causes alveolar macrophage death, profound alveolar disorganization and surfactant dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Feo-Lucas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202350475","article-title":"Th2-dependent disappearance and phenotypic conversion of mouse alveolar macrophages","volume":"53","author":"Dietschmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0695","first-page":"00515","article-title":"Innate type 2 lymphocytes trigger an inflammatory switch in alveolar macrophages","volume":"S1074-7613","author":"Verwaerde","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1300014","article-title":"Depletion of alveolar macrophages during influenza infection facilitates bacterial superinfections","volume":"191","author":"Ghoneim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"201","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0705","first-page":"3411","article-title":"Consequences of Hypoxia for the Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cell Innate Immune Response","volume":"1950","author":"Sturrock","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1178","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00290.2014","article-title":"Influenza induces IL-8 and GM-CSF secretion by human alveolar epithelial cells through HGF\/c-Met and TGF-\u03b1\/EGFR signaling","volume":"308","author":"Ito","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L504","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00303.2010","article-title":"Effect of alveolar epithelial cell plasticity on the regulation of GM-CSF expression","volume":"302","author":"Mir-Kasimov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.133042","article-title":"Pneumonia recovery reprograms the alveolar macrophage pool","volume":"5","author":"Guillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2024-0176TR","article-title":"The Complex Immune Cell Composition and Cellular Interaction in the Alveolar Compartment of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","volume":"72","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2010.03649.x","article-title":"Desquamative interstitial pneumonia","volume":"58","author":"Tazelaar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500158","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00158-2025","article-title":"Update of the international multidisciplinary classification of the interstitial pneumonias: an ERS\/ATS statement","volume":"66","author":"Ryerson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2018-0294OC","article-title":"Increased Pulmonary GM-CSF Causes Alveolar Macrophage Accumulation. Mechanistic Implications for Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonitis","volume":"62","author":"Suzuki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201012-2036OC","article-title":"GM-CSF in the lung protects against lethal influenza infection","volume":"184","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.08.022","article-title":"GM-CSF modulates pulmonary resistance to influenza A infection","volume":"92","author":"Sever-Chroneos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"issue":"187","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0755","first-page":"5346","article-title":"Local delivery of GM-CSF protects mice from lethal pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"1950","author":"Steinwede","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.111975","article-title":"Targeted labeling and depletion of alveolar macrophages using VeDTR mouse technology","volume":"28","author":"Nakayama","year":"2025","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0765","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06625.x","article-title":"Recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) activate human alveolar macrophages to inhibit growth of Mycobacterium avium complex","volume":"98","author":"Suzuki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.04.001","article-title":"Uncoupling of macrophage inflammation from self-renewal modulates host recovery from respiratory viral infection","volume":"54","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01885","article-title":"Cxxc Finger Protein 1 Positively Regulates GM-CSF-Derived Macrophage Phagocytosis Through Csf2r\u03b1-Mediated Signaling","volume":"9","author":"Hui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.03.015","article-title":"Innate Imprinting of Murine Resident Alveolar Macrophages by Allergic Bronchial Inflammation Causes a Switch from Hypoinflammatory to Hyperinflammatory Reactivity","volume":"181","author":"Naessens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0785","article-title":"Loss of GM-CSF-dependent instruction of alveolar macrophages in COVID-19 provides a rationale for inhaled GM-CSF treatment","volume":"3","author":"Bosteels","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-08337-9","article-title":"Human alveolar macrophage response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: immune characteristics underlying large inter-individual variability","volume":"8","author":"Sadee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011871","article-title":"Exposure to Mycobacterium remodels alveolar macrophages and the early innate response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"20","author":"Mai","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10065-8","article-title":"Heterogeneous GM-CSF signaling in macrophages is associated with control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"Bryson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.157865","article-title":"Tissue-localized immune responses in people with cystic fibrosis and respiratory nontuberculous mycobacteria infection","volume":"7","author":"Hayes","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202306-532OC","article-title":"OPTIMA: An open-label, noncomparative pilot trial of inhaled molgramostim in pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial infection","volume":"21","author":"Thomson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Am. Thorac. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0815","series-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2024","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3652","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI62139","article-title":"Alveolar epithelial cells orchestrate DC function in murine viral pneumonia","volume":"122","author":"Unkel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2020.07.019","article-title":"Legionella-infected macrophages engage the alveolar epithelium to metabolically reprogram myeloid cells and promote antibacterial inflammation","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00565-24","article-title":"GM-CSF engages multiple signaling pathways to enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in human monocytes during Legionella infection","volume":"93","author":"V\u00e1zquez Marrero","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eado1227","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.ado1227","article-title":"Recruited atypical Ly6G+ macrophages license alveolar regeneration after lung injury","volume":"9","author":"Ruscitti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabl9041","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl9041","article-title":"Dampening type 2 properties of group 2 innate lymphoid cells by a gammaherpesvirus infection reprograms alveolar macrophages","volume":"8","author":"Loos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131471","article-title":"Pleural innate response activator B cells protect against pneumonia via a GM-CSF-IgM axis","volume":"211","author":"Weber","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01803-x","article-title":"The microbiota protects against respiratory infection via GM-CSF signaling","volume":"8","author":"Brown","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.01.002","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota programming of alveolar macrophages influences severity of respiratory viral infection","volume":"32","author":"Ngo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0860","article-title":"Segmented filamentous bacteria reprogramming of alveolar macrophages limits postinfluenza bacterial pneumonia","volume":"11, eadt8858","author":"Ngo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.06.003","article-title":"Host protective roles of type 2 immunity: Parasite killing and tissue repair, flip sides of the same coin","volume":"26","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0870","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.03.014","article-title":"The ins and outs of innate and adaptive type 2 immunity","volume":"56","author":"Molofsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.12.638","article-title":"GM-CSF instigates a dendritic cell-T-cell inflammatory circuit that drives chronic asthma development","volume":"147","author":"Nobs","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"issue":"180","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0880","first-page":"2600","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is required for bronchial eosinophilia in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation","volume":"1950","author":"Su","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0885","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.90","article-title":"GM-CSF produced by the airway epithelium is required for sensitization to cockroach allergen","volume":"10","author":"Sheih","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"issue":"173","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0890","first-page":"6384","article-title":"Intranasal exposure of mice to house dust mite elicits allergic airway inflammation via a GM-CSF-mediated mechanism","volume":"1950","author":"Cates","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"issue":"193","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0895","first-page":"496","article-title":"GM-CSF-licensed CD11b+ lung dendritic cells orchestrate Th2 immunity to Blomia tropicalis","volume":"1950","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8749(02)00565-8","article-title":"Attenuation of airway hyperresponsiveness in a murine asthma model by neutralization of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)","volume":"219","author":"Yamashita","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20112691","article-title":"Interleukin-1\u03b1 controls allergic sensitization to inhaled house dust mite via the epithelial release of GM-CSF and IL-33","volume":"209","author":"Willart","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55663-3","article-title":"Mgl2+ cDC2s coordinate fungal allergic airway type 2, but not type 17, inflammation in mice","volume":"16","author":"Cook","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900859","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00859-2019","article-title":"Type II conventional dendritic cells of asthmatic patients with frequent exacerbations have an altered phenotype and frequency","volume":"55","author":"Vroman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.110178","article-title":"GM-CSF production by non-classical monocytes controls antagonistic LPS-driven functions in allergic inflammation","volume":"37","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"issue":"164","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0925","first-page":"2602","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the innate immune response to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in mice","volume":"1950","author":"Paine","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.02.011","article-title":"Lung Epithelial Cells Coordinate Innate Lymphocytes and Immunity against Pulmonary Fungal Infection","volume":"23","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Santos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"196","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0935","first-page":"1810","article-title":"Local GM-CSF-Dependent Differentiation and Activation of Pulmonary Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Protect against Progressive Cryptococcal Lung Infection in Mice","volume":"1950","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"issue":"190","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0940","first-page":"3959","article-title":"Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies in patients with cryptococcal meningitis","volume":"1950","author":"Rosen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0945","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw054","article-title":"Role of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Signaling in Regulating Neutrophil Antifungal Activity and the Oxidative Burst During Respiratory Fungal Challenge","volume":"213","author":"Kasahara","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0950","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadr0547","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adr0547","article-title":"GM-CSF-mediated epithelial-immune cell cross-talk orchestrates pulmonary immunity to Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"10","author":"Mills","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0955","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2025.156902","article-title":"Evaluating the evidence for GM-CSF as a host-directed therapy in respiratory infections","volume":"189","author":"David","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3279","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI85664","article-title":"Lung-resident eosinophils represent a distinct regulatory eosinophil subset","volume":"126","author":"Mesnil","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0965","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021014283","article-title":"Unique characteristics of lung-resident neutrophils are maintained by PGE2\/PKA\/Tgm2-mediated signaling","volume":"140","author":"Bae","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0970","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.597595","article-title":"Lung Marginated and Splenic Murine Resident Neutrophils Constitute Pioneers in Tissue-Defense During Systemic E. coli Challenge","volume":"12","author":"Juzenaite","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0975","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130056","article-title":"Neutrophil mobilization via plerixafor-mediated CXCR4 inhibition arises from lung demargination and blockade of neutrophil homing to the bone marrow","volume":"210","author":"Devi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0980","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaam8929","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aam8929","article-title":"The Lung is a Host Defense Niche for Immediate Neutrophil-Mediated Vascular Protection","volume":"2","author":"Yipp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-021-03768-z","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms of neutrophil migration from the circulation to the airspace","volume":"78","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci. CMLS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0990","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181468","article-title":"Neutrophils instruct homeostatic and pathological states in naive tissues","volume":"215","author":"Casanova-Acebes","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb0995","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.375bn.x","article-title":"Contribution of Selectins to Leucocyte Sequestration in Pulmonary Microvessels by Intravital Microscopy in Rabbits","volume":"501","author":"Kuebler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158859","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1158859","article-title":"Role of GM-CSF in lung balance and disease","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V80.6.1565.1565","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces neutrophil adhesion to pulmonary vascular endothelium in vivo: role of beta 2 integrins","volume":"80","author":"Yong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1989.tb04287.x","article-title":"Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor induced changes in cellular adhesion molecule expression and adhesion to endothelium: in-vitro and in-vivo studies in man","volume":"71","author":"Devereux","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.14-0056","article-title":"Up-regulation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 11b expression on the surface of canine granulocytes with human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)","volume":"76","author":"Nakagaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.10.008","article-title":"Leukocyte migration into inflamed tissues","volume":"41","author":"Nourshargh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2013-0114OC","article-title":"Roles of lung epithelium in neutrophil recruitment during pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"50","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-022-04589-z","article-title":"Blocking the human common beta subunit of the GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-3 receptors markedly reduces hyperinflammation in ARDS models","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42808","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M207840200","article-title":"Granulocyte\/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) regulates lung innate immunity to lipopolysaccharide through Akt\/Erk activation of NFkappa B and AP-1 in vivo","volume":"277","author":"Bozinovski","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200912-1794OC","article-title":"Neutralizing granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor inhibits cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation","volume":"182","author":"Vlahos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00076210","article-title":"A mouse GM-CSF receptor antibody attenuates neutrophilia in mice exposed to cigarette smoke","volume":"38","author":"Botelho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2004.08.002","article-title":"CCL3 (MIP-1alpha) induces in vitro migration of GM-CSF-primed human neutrophils via CCR5-dependent activation of ERK 1\/2","volume":"17","author":"Ottonello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(03)00828-7","article-title":"Rapamycin inhibits GM-CSF-induced neutrophil migration","volume":"550","author":"Gomez-Cambronero","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49419-z","article-title":"G-CSF and GM-CSF Modify Neutrophil Functions at Concentrations found in Cystic Fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Castellani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062505","article-title":"GM-CSF autoantibodies and neutrophil dysfunction in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis","volume":"356","author":"Uchida","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabg9873","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abg9873","article-title":"Inflammatory profiles across the spectrum of disease reveal a distinct role for GM-CSF in severe COVID-19","volume":"6","author":"Thwaites","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26915","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313875200","article-title":"Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling and proteasome inhibition delay neutrophil apoptosis by increasing the stability of Mcl-1","volume":"279","author":"Derouet","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2103","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.23","article-title":"The anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein A1\/Bfl-1 regulates neutrophil survival and homeostasis and is controlled via PI3K and JAK\/STAT signaling","volume":"7","author":"Vier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15362","article-title":"Mouse resident lung eosinophils are dependent on IL -5","volume":"77","author":"Dolitzky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1090","article-title":"Exploring the Diversity and Emerging Powers of Eosinophil Subpopulations","volume":"16631","author":"Ecrement","year":"2025","journal-title":"Allergy all"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01634-x","article-title":"Eosinophils promote pulmonary matrix destruction and emphysema via Cathepsin L","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.08.044","article-title":"GM-CSF intrinsically controls eosinophil accumulation in the setting of allergic airway inflammation","volume":"143","author":"Nobs","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3092","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-05-155937","article-title":"Mature human eosinophils express functional Notch ligands mediating eosinophil autocrine regulation","volume":"113","author":"Radke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.772004","article-title":"Pulmonary Eosinophils at the Center of the Allergic Space-Time Continuum","volume":"12","author":"Schetters","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12624","article-title":"Notch signaling mediates granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor priming-induced transendothelial migration of human eosinophils","volume":"70","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07091576","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in subjects with and without mild, stable, atopic asthma","volume":"7","author":"Woolley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.2500\/108854199778339008","article-title":"Upper airway epithelial cells support eosinophil survival in vitro through production of GM-CSF and prostaglandin E2: regulation by glucocorticoids and TNF-alpha","volume":"20","author":"Daffern","year":"1999","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/1.4.289","article-title":"Human lung fibroblast-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mediates eosinophil survival in vitro","volume":"1","author":"Vancheri","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.114245","article-title":"Airway epithelial cells release eosinophil survival-promoting factors (GM-CSF) after stimulation of proteinase-activated receptor 2","volume":"107","author":"Vliagoftis","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.3.778","article-title":"Role for Bcl-xL in delayed eosinophil apoptosis mediated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-5","volume":"92","author":"Dibbert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13330","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13330","article-title":"Cytokine-mediated Bax deficiency and consequent delayed neutrophil apoptosis: a general mechanism to accumulate effector cells in inflammation","volume":"96","author":"Dibbert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04656.x","article-title":"The role of Mcl-1 and Bax expression alteration in the decreased rescue of human neutrophils from apoptosis by GM-CSF with aging","volume":"973","author":"Fulop","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1697","article-title":"The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 facilitates cytokine-induced survival of eosinophils by suppressing Bax activation","volume":"10","author":"Shen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"147","key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1160","first-page":"237","article-title":"Platelet-activating factor induces mediator release by human basophils primed with IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, or IL-5","volume":"1950","author":"Brunner","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Baltim. Md"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2544","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201142318","article-title":"Basophil modulation by cytokine instruction","volume":"42","author":"Voehringer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2019524118","article-title":"Diverse innate stimuli activate basophils through pathways involving Syk and I\u03baB kinases","volume":"118","author":"Pellefigues","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2024.05.009","article-title":"Basophil differentiation, heterogeneity, and functional implications","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.8.3539","article-title":"Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity","volume":"90","author":"Dranoff","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2002.18813.x","article-title":"GM-CSF-based cancer vaccines","volume":"188","author":"Dranoff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa144","article-title":"Unusual morphologies of blood eosinophils in GM-CSF-producing lung cancer","volume":"114","author":"Izumiya","year":"2021","journal-title":"QJM Int. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2012.02.014","article-title":"Hypereosinophilia driven by GM-CSF in large-cell carcinoma of the lung","volume":"76","author":"Lammel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lung Cancer Amst. Neth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2025.05.005","article-title":"Evolving role for eosinophils in cancer: from bench to bedside","volume":"11","author":"Grisaru-Tal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1205","first-page":"L715","article-title":"GM-CSF enhances lung growth and causes alveolar type II epithelial cell hyperplasia in transgenic mice","volume":"273","author":"Huffman Reed","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124283","article-title":"High EMT Signature Score of Invasive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells Correlates with NF\u03baB Driven Colony-Stimulating Factor 2 (CSF2\/GM-CSF) Secretion by Neighboring Stromal Fibroblasts","volume":"10","author":"Rudisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1215","first-page":"365","article-title":"Effects of GM-CSF and M-CSF on tumor progression of lung cancer: roles of MEK1\/ERK and AKT\/PKB pathways","volume":"18","author":"Uemura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2014.09.007","article-title":"Dissecting the tumor myeloid compartment reveals rare activating antigen-presenting cells critical for T cell immunity","volume":"26","author":"Broz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-13-0143","article-title":"TLR7 ligand augments GM-CSF-initiated antitumor immunity through activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells","volume":"2","author":"Narusawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00943-z","article-title":"Blockade of the co-inhibitory molecule PD-1 unleashes ILC2-dependent antitumor immunity in melanoma","volume":"22","author":"Jacquelot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-024-05290-4","article-title":"Disrupting Smad3 potentiates immunostimulatory function of NK cells against lung carcinoma by promoting GM-CSF production","volume":"81","author":"Lian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci. CMLS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02208-3","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment and their targeting in cancer therapy","volume":"24","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2680","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14103","article-title":"Elevations of monocyte and neutrophils, and higher levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in peripheral blood in lung cancer patients","volume":"12","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorac. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2597","article-title":"Progression of EGFR-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma is Driven By Alveolar Macrophages","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res. Off. J. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabd1616","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abd1616","article-title":"Overcoming microenvironmental resistance to PD-1 blockade in genetically engineered lung cancer models","volume":"13","author":"Martinez-Usatorre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02209-2","article-title":"Metabolically activated and highly polyfunctional intratumoral VISTA+ regulatory B cells are associated with tumor recurrence in early-stage NSCLC","volume":"24","author":"Lo Tartaro","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380_bb1265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-022-03187-4","article-title":"The expression of PD-1 ligand 1 on macrophages and its clinical impacts and mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"71","author":"Shinchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother. CII"}],"container-title":["Mucosal Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1933021926000826?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1933021926000826?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T03:13:25Z","timestamp":1786072405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1933021926000826"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":253,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1933021926000826"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-0219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-0219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Homeostatic and inflammatory functions of pulmonary GM-CSF","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Mucosal Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mucimm.2026.100380","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Mucosal Immunology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100380"}}