{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T07:20:34Z","timestamp":1768807234146,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microvascular Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T01:47:28Z","timestamp":1617760048000},"page":"104167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Assessment of the conjunctival microcirculation in adult patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease compared to healthy controls"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Brennan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"McNeil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Awuah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Mailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bronagh","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dewar D.","family":"Finlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Blighe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.D.","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Andrew","family":"Nesbit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Trucco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Lockhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara C.B.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark S.","family":"Spence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(73)90892-1","article-title":"Peripapillary and macular vessel occlusions in sickle cell anemia","volume":"co5","author":"Acacio","year":"1973","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008349","article-title":"Prognostic value of serial N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide measurements in adults with congenital heart disease","volume":"7","author":"Baggen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0015","first-page":"2915","article-title":"ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (2010)","volume":"31","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb9000","first-page":"i3905","article-title":"Congenital heart disease in adults","volume":"354","author":"Bejal","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0020","first-page":"67","article-title":"Motion estimation and video compression with spatio-temporal motion-tuned wavelets","volume":"2","author":"Brault","year":"2003","journal-title":"WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics"},{"issue":"C","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0025","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of the conjunctival microcirculation using a smartphone and slit-lamp biomicroscope","volume":"126","author":"Brennan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microvascular Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00048-X","article-title":"Potential role of mechanical stress in the etiology of pediatric heart disease: septal shear stress in subaortic stenosis","volume":"30","author":"Cape","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.7.5.358","article-title":"Microvascular abnormalities in the bulbar conjunctiva of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"7","author":"Cheung","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12401","article-title":"Ophthalmological consequences of cyanotic congenital heart disease: vascular parameters and nerve fibre layer","volume":"43","author":"Cordina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951114000262","article-title":"Widespread endotheliopathy in adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease","volume":"25","author":"Cordina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiology in the Young"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.12053","article-title":"Recurrent thrombosis in patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: incidence, risk factors, and effect of treatments","volume":"93","author":"De Stefano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(90)90005-M","article-title":"Power and sample size calculations: a review and computer program","volume":"11","author":"Dupont","year":"1990","journal-title":"Control. Clin. Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0060","series-title":"Progress in Wavelets Analysis and Applications","first-page":"399","article-title":"Spatio-temporal wavelet: application to the analysis of moving patterns","author":"Duval-Destin","year":"1993"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi396","article-title":"The spectrum of adult congenital heart disease in Europe: morbidity and mortality in a 5 year follow-up period. The Euro Heart Survey on adult congenital heart disease","volume":"26","author":"Engelfriet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0070","first-page":"2087","article-title":"Mechanical activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1\u03b1 drives endothelial dysfunction at atheroprone sites. Aterioscler Thromb Vasc","volume":"37","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-01-478065","article-title":"Erythrocytosis: the HIF pathway in control","volume":"122","author":"Franke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2017.01.068","article-title":"Mechanical concepts applied in congenital heart disease and cardiac surgery","volume":"103","author":"Gerrah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01957519","article-title":"Hyperuricaemia in cyanotic congenital heart disease","volume":"152","author":"Hayabuchi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cvi:20070017","article-title":"Energy-based video tracking using joint target density processing with an application to unmanned aerial vehicle surveillance","volume":"2","author":"Hong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comput. Vision IET"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0095","author":"Jacques"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0100","author":"Jerman"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2550102","article-title":"Enhancement of vascular structures in 3D and 2D angiographic images","volume":"35","author":"Jerman","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2015.2446493","article-title":"Blob enhancement and visualization for improved intracranial aneurysm detection","volume":"22","author":"Jerman","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(00)00275-2","article-title":"Low wall shear stress in carotid arteries in subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0120","first-page":"605","article-title":"Automated assessment of hemodynamics in the conjunctival microvasculature network","volume":"35","author":"Khansari","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45916","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45916","article-title":"Assessment of conjunctival microvascular hemodynamics in stages of diabetic microvasculopathy","volume":"7","author":"Khansari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(70)80165-2","article-title":"Hyperviscosity in congenital heart disease","volume":"76","author":"Kontras","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2015.04.007","article-title":"Feasibility of assessment of conjunctival microvascular hemodynamics in unilateral ischemic stroke","volume":"100","author":"Kord Valeshabad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12593","article-title":"Conjunctival microvascular haemodynamics in sickle cell retinopathy","volume":"93","author":"Kord Valeshabad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0150","first-page":"479","article-title":"Volume flow estimation in the precapillary mesenteric microvasculature in vivo and the principle of constant pressure gradient","volume":"42","author":"Koutsiaris","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-151976","article-title":"Wall shear stress in the human eye microcirculation in vivo, segmental heterogeneity and performance in vitro","volume":"63","author":"Koutsiaris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0160","first-page":"375","article-title":"Volume flow and wall shear stress quantification in the human conjunctival capillaries and post-capillary venules in vivo","volume":"44","author":"Koutsiaris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biorheology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2012.11.003","article-title":"Wall shear stress quantification in the human conjunctival pre-capillary arterioles in vivo","volume":"85","author":"Koutsiaris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0175","series-title":"VIII European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO-96","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spatio-temporal wavelet transforms for image sequence analysis","author":"Leduc","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0180","series-title":"Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1997. ICASSP-97, 1997 IEEE International Conference","first-page":"3013","article-title":"Spatio-temporal wavelet transforms for motion tracking","volume":"vol. 4","author":"Leduc","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2016.06.008","article-title":"In vivo oximetry of human bulbar conjunctival and episcleral microvasculature using snapshot multispectral imaging","volume":"149","author":"MacKenzie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2019.103926","article-title":"Blood flow velocity comparison in the eye capillaries and postcapillary venules between normal pregnant and non-pregnant women","volume":"127","author":"Moka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microvascular Research"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.946343","article-title":"Temporal trends in survival to adulthood among patients born with congenital heart disease from 1970 to 1992 in Belgium","volume":"122","author":"Moons","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-012-0335-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult congenital heart disease: demographic variations worldwide","volume":"20","author":"Mulder","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neth. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104800","article-title":"The circulatory effects of hematocrit variations in normovolemic and hypervolemic dogs","volume":"42","author":"Murray","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb8000","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Cyanotic Heart Disease. [Updated 2019 Feb 24]","author":"Ossa Galvis","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076","article-title":"A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms","volume":"9","author":"Otsu","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0215","first-page":"9","article-title":"Vascular wall shear stress: basic principles and methods","volume":"46","author":"Papaioannou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hell. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2000.103971","article-title":"Wall stress distribution on three-dimensionally reconstructed models of human abdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"31","author":"Raghavan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"issue":"8502","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90005-X","article-title":"Chronic hypoxaemia and decompensated erythrocytosis in cyanotic congenital heart disease","volume":"2","author":"Rosove","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2009.12.003","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of conjunctival microvascular circulation of the human eye","volume":"79","author":"Shahidi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"issue":"370","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61647-X","article-title":"Clinical update: cyanotic adult congenital heart disease","volume":"9598","author":"Spence","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90572-Q","article-title":"Cyanotic congenital heart disease: hematologic management","volume":"18","author":"Territo","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb7000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-2012-1567","article-title":"Real-time studies of hypertension using non-mydriatic fundus photography and computer-assisted intravital microscopy","volume":"53","author":"To","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3109\/08820530903400739","article-title":"Retinal vascular patterns in adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease","volume":"24","author":"Tsui","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23881","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction due to essential thrombocythemia and policythemia vera: the missing piece in the puzzle of their increased cardiovascular risk?","volume":"90","author":"Vianello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(05)70125-5","article-title":"Cyanotic congenital heart disease with decreased pulmonary blood flow in children","volume":"46","author":"Waldman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0265","first-page":"830","article-title":"A spatio-temporal filtering method for motion estimation. The 6th International Conference on Computer Science and Education (ICCSE)","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"ThC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.11.083","article-title":"Serum uric acid as a potential marker for heart failure risk in men on antihypertensive treatment: the British Regional Heart Study","volume":"252","author":"Wannamethee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167_bb0275","series-title":"Cyanotic Heart Disease: A Multisystem Disorder. Oxford Textbook of Medicine","author":"Warrell","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Microvascular Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026286221000376?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0026286221000376?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T08:23:17Z","timestamp":1705998197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0026286221000376"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0026286221000376"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0026-2862"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0026-2862","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Assessment of the conjunctival microcirculation in adult patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease compared to healthy controls","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Microvascular Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mvr.2021.104167","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104167"}}