{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T13:58:33Z","timestamp":1793109513793,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005595","name":"University of California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013015","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]],"date-time":"2019-12-14T21:02:53Z","timestamp":1576357373000},"page":"104714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":213,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The microbiota-immune axis as a central mediator of gut-brain communication"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Fung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.136","article-title":"Environmental triggers in IBD: a review of progress and evidence","volume":"15","author":"Ananthakrishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw7479","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila induces intestinal adaptive immune responses during homeostasis","volume":"364","author":"Ansaldo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12726","article-title":"Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation","volume":"504","author":"Arpaia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12331","article-title":"Treg induction by a rationally selected mixture of Clostridia strains from the human microbiota","volume":"500","author":"Atarashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.058","article-title":"Th17 cell induction by adhesion of microbes to intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"163","author":"Atarashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.04.008","article-title":"Homeostatic immunity and the microbiota","volume":"46","author":"Belkaid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10719","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1711233114","article-title":"Gut microbiota from multiple sclerosis patients enables spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice","volume":"114","author":"Berer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.05.058","article-title":"Microbiota normalization reveals that canonical Caspase-1 activation exacerbates chemically induced intestinal inflammation","volume":"19","author":"Blazejewski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12580","article-title":"Interplay of innate lymphoid cells and the microbiota","volume":"279","author":"Britanova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.12.015","article-title":"Microbiotas from humans with inflammatory bowel disease alter the balance of gut Th17 and RORgammat(+) regulatory T cells and exacerbate colitis in mice","volume":"50","author":"Britton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.019","article-title":"Association of brain amyloidosis with pro-inflammatory gut bacterial taxa and peripheral inflammation markers in cognitively impaired elderly","volume":"49","author":"Cattaneo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10713","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1711235114","article-title":"Gut bacteria from multiple sclerosis patients modulate human T cells and exacerbate symptoms in mouse models","volume":"114","author":"Cekanaviciute","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.04.097","article-title":"Gut feelings: a randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of probiotics for depressive symptoms","volume":"253","author":"Chahwan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aal5068","article-title":"Helicobacter species are potent drivers of colonic T cell responses in homeostasis and inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Chai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28484","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28484","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis patients have a distinct gut microbiota compared to healthy controls","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3577","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90609","article-title":"CNS inflammation and neurodegeneration","volume":"127","author":"Chitnis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0314","article-title":"The maternal interleukin-17a pathway in mice promotes autism-like phenotypes in offspring","volume":"351","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.11.007","article-title":"Longitudinal association between inflammatory markers and specific symptoms of depression in a prospective birth cohort","volume":"76","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1700492","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1700492","article-title":"High frequency of intestinal TH17 cells correlates with microbiota alterations and disease activity in multiple sclerosis","volume":"3","author":"Cosorich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00223","article-title":"Stress induces endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation by increasing barrier permeability","volume":"6","author":"de Punder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3542","article-title":"The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice","volume":"20","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.10.021","article-title":"Modulation of a circulating uremic solute via rational genetic manipulation of the gut microbiota","volume":"20","author":"Devlin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4030","article-title":"Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS","volume":"18","author":"Erny","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008051","article-title":"Identifying gut microbe-host phenotype relationships using combinatorial communities in gnotobiotic mice","volume":"6","author":"Faith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03249","article-title":"A fungal world: could the gut Mycobiome be involved in neurological disease?","volume":"9","author":"Forbes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006654","article-title":"The role of microbial amyloid in neurodegeneration","volume":"13","author":"Friedland","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12721","article-title":"Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells","volume":"504","author":"Furusawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.08.020","article-title":"The key role of segmented filamentous bacteria in the coordinated maturation of gut helper T cell responses","volume":"31","author":"Gaboriau-Routhiau","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.01.022","article-title":"Mining the human gut microbiota for immunomodulatory organisms","volume":"168","author":"Geva-Zatorsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0150","first-page":"31055172","article-title":"Lifestyle and biological factors influence the relationship between mental health and low-grade inflammation","author":"Gialluisi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10809","article-title":"Inflammasome-mediated dysbiosis regulates progression of NAFLD and obesity","volume":"482","author":"Henao-Mejia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2018.1400909","article-title":"Protective roles of intestinal microbiota derived short chain fatty acids in Alzheimer\u2019s disease-type beta-amyloid neuropathological mechanisms","volume":"18","author":"Ho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16136","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1415191111","article-title":"Individual differences in the peripheral immune system promote resilience versus susceptibility to social stress","volume":"111","author":"Hodes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.06.001","article-title":"Effects of SSRIs on peripheral inflammatory cytokines in patients with generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"81","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05184-7","article-title":"Gut microbiota associations with common diseases and prescription medications in a population-based cohort","volume":"9","author":"Jackson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12015","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12015","article-title":"Alterations of the human gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Jangi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.10.013","article-title":"Commensal fungi recapitulate the protective benefits of intestinal bacteria","volume":"22","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5821","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42183-0","article-title":"Long-term benefit of microbiota transfer therapy on autism symptoms and gut microbiota","volume":"9","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.07.019","article-title":"Transferring the blues: depression-associated gut microbiota induces neurobehavioural changes in the rat","volume":"82","author":"Kelly","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13960","article-title":"An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria","volume":"516","author":"Kernbauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.617","article-title":"Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1017\/S1121189X00001421","article-title":"The global burden of mental disorders: an update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys","volume":"18","author":"Kessler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Psichiatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.11.020","article-title":"Association between a functional interleukin 6 receptor genetic variant and risk of depression and psychosis in a population-based birth cohort","volume":"69","author":"Khandaker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.02.006","article-title":"Gut microbiota promote hematopoiesis to control bacterial infection","volume":"15","author":"Khosravi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23910","article-title":"Maternal gut bacteria promote neurodevelopmental abnormalities in mouse offspring","volume":"549","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12698","article-title":"Peripheral cytokine and chemokine alterations in depression: a meta-analysis of 82 studies","volume":"135","author":"Kohler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.08.015","article-title":"Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic supplementation in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Kouchaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000203644.68059.5f","article-title":"Relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and Alzheimer disease","volume":"66","author":"Kountouras","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.02.007","article-title":"Intestinal Interleukin-17 receptor Signaling mediates reciprocal control of the gut microbiota and autoimmune inflammation","volume":"44","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701755","article-title":"Cutting edge: critical roles for microbiota-mediated regulation of the immune system in a prenatal immune activation model of autism","volume":"201","author":"Lammert","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.03.009","article-title":"Segmented filamentous bacterium uses secondary and tertiary lymphoid tissues to induce gut IgA and specific T helper 17 cell responses","volume":"40","author":"Lecuyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4615","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000082107","article-title":"Proinflammatory T-cell responses to gut microbiota promote experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"108","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao1503","article-title":"CX3CR1(+) mononuclear phagocytes control immunity to intestinal fungi","volume":"359","author":"Leonardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.10.048","article-title":"Microbiota-modulated metabolites shape the intestinal microenvironment by regulating NLRP6 Inflammasome signaling","volume":"163","author":"Levy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.064139-0","article-title":"Indole production by the tryptophanase TnaA in Escherichia coli is determined by the amount of exogenous tryptophan","volume":"159","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.09.015","article-title":"Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling cell intrinsically inhibits intestinal group 2 innate lymphoid cell function","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.01.007","article-title":"Malassezia is associated with Crohn\u2019s disease and exacerbates colitis in mouse models","volume":"25","author":"Limon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0513-z","article-title":"Commensal viruses maintain intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes via noncanonical RIG-I signaling","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.03.023","article-title":"Prebiotics and probiotics for depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials","volume":"102","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5443","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23692-w","article-title":"Effects of intestinal microbiota on brain development in humanized Gnotobiotic mice","volume":"8","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0466-x","article-title":"Antidepressants affect gut microbiota and Ruminococcus flavefaciens is able to abolish their effects on depressive-like behavior","volume":"9","author":"Lukic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25979","article-title":"Extensive impact of non-antibiotic drugs on human gut bacteria","volume":"555","author":"Maier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e459","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000459","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation associated with 10 years of stability in a patient with SPMS","volume":"5","author":"Makkawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0054-1","article-title":"Inflammasomes in the gastrointestinal tract: infection, cancer and gut microbiota homeostasis","volume":"15","author":"Man","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.07.031","article-title":"Human gut-derived commensal Bacteria suppress CNS inflammatory and demyelinating disease","volume":"20","author":"Mangalam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1405-y","article-title":"Intestinal infection triggers Parkinson\u2019s disease-like symptoms in Pink1(\u2212\/\u2212) mice","volume":"571","author":"Matheoud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3281","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40140-5","article-title":"Relative abundance of Akkermansia spp. and other bacterial phylotypes correlates with anxiety- and depressive-like behavior following social defeat in mice","volume":"9","author":"McGaughey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.021","article-title":"The IL-17 family of cytokines in health and disease","volume":"50","author":"McGeachy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.07.010","article-title":"The environmental sensor AHR protects from inflammatory damage by maintaining intestinal stem cell homeostasis and barrier integrity","volume":"49","author":"Metidji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249288","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1249288","article-title":"Microbiota-dependent crosstalk between macrophages and ILC3 promotes intestinal homeostasis","volume":"343","author":"Mortha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800631","article-title":"The intestinal virome and immunity","volume":"201","author":"Neil","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.11.063","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the use of probiotics to alleviate depressive symptoms","volume":"228","author":"Ng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000498862","article-title":"A systematic review of the effect of probiotic supplementation on schizophrenia symptoms","volume":"78","author":"Ng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.637","article-title":"Altered tryptophan metabolism is associated with pediatric multiple sclerosis risk and course","volume":"5","author":"Nourbakhsh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001443","article-title":"Central nervous system demyelinating disease protection by the human commensal Bacteroides fragilis depends on polysaccharide a expression","volume":"185","author":"Ochoa-Reparaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.05.004","article-title":"The intestine Harbors functionally distinct homeostatic tissue-resident and inflammatory Th17 cells","volume":"51","author":"Omenetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314903","article-title":"Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"67","author":"Palmela","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2017.11.012","article-title":"Host-microbe interactions: commensal fungi in the gut","volume":"40","author":"Paterson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0395","first-page":"30833676","article-title":"The gut microbiome regulates the increases in depressive-type behaviors and in inflammatory processes in the ventral hippocampus of stress vulnerable rats","author":"Pearson-Leary","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316844","article-title":"Role of TLR4 in the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease: a translational study from men to mice","volume":"68","author":"Perez-Pardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.0605","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy and incidence of Parkinson disease among patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"75","author":"Peter","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0410","series-title":"Antidepressant Use Among Persons Aged 12 and Over:United States,2011\u20132014. NCHS Data Brief","first-page":"1","author":"Pratt","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0415","first-page":"331","article-title":"The gut mycobiota: insights into analysis, environmental interactions and role in gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"16","author":"Richard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.11.035","article-title":"Recirculating intestinal IgA-producing cells regulate Neuroinflammation via IL-10","volume":"176","author":"Rojas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4106","article-title":"Type I interferons and microbial metabolites of tryptophan modulate astrocyte activity and central nervous system inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor","volume":"22","author":"Rothhammer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0119-x","article-title":"Microglial control of astrocytes in response to microbial metabolites","volume":"557","author":"Rothhammer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4397","article-title":"Microglia emerge as central players in brain disease","volume":"23","author":"Salter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0440","first-page":"3","article-title":"Rupture, invasion and inflammatory destruction of the intestinal barrier by Shigella, making sense of prokaryote-eukaryote cross-talks","volume":"25","author":"Sansonetti","year":"2001","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.11.059","article-title":"Microbial influences in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"134","author":"Sartor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa9420","article-title":"MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY. Individual intestinal symbionts induce a distinct population of RORgamma(+) regulatory T cells","volume":"349","author":"Sefik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.004","article-title":"Human gut microbiota from autism Spectrum disorder promote Behavioral symptoms in mice","volume":"177","author":"Sharon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23909","article-title":"Reversing behavioural abnormalities in mice exposed to maternal inflammation","volume":"549","author":"Shin Yim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241165","article-title":"The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis","volume":"341","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4877","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12776-4","article-title":"Dietary tryptophan links encephalogenicity of autoreactive T cells with gut microbial ecology","volume":"10","author":"Sonner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10430-7","article-title":"Heterochronic faecal transplantation boosts gut germinal centres in aged mice","volume":"10","author":"Stebegg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1803","article-title":"Mixed results with modulation of TH-17 cells in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"11","author":"Steinman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.047","article-title":"Post-antibiotic gut mucosal microbiome reconstitution is impaired by probiotics and improved by autologous FMT","volume":"174","author":"Suez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-019-00543-8","article-title":"The influence of antidepressants on the immune system","volume":"67","author":"Szalach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0134-y","article-title":"Suppression of IL-17F, but not of IL-17A, provides protection against colitis by inducing T","volume":"19","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517737390","article-title":"Investigation of probiotics in multiple sclerosis","volume":"24","author":"Tankou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25244","article-title":"A probiotic modulates the microbiome and immunity in multiple sclerosis","volume":"83","author":"Tankou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18847","article-title":"The microbiome and innate immunity","volume":"535","author":"Thaiss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.11.042","article-title":"Microbiome influences prenatal and adult microglia in a sex-specific manner","volume":"172","author":"Thion","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.03.003","article-title":"Can\u2019t or Won\u2019t? Immunometabolic Constraints on Dopaminergic Drive","volume":"23","author":"Treadway","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal3589","article-title":"Astrocyte-derived interleukin-33 promotes microglial synapse engulfment and neural circuit development","volume":"359","author":"Vainchtein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-018-0337-x","article-title":"The neuroactive potential of the human gut microbiota in quality of life and depression","volume":"4","author":"Valles-Colomer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2019.04.010","article-title":"Astrocytes: emerging therapeutic targets in neurological disorders","volume":"25","author":"Valori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201695027","article-title":"Aryl hydrocarbon receptor is required for optimal B-cell proliferation","volume":"36","author":"Villa","year":"2017","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-315666","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease increases the risk of Parkinson's disease: a Danish nationwide cohort study 1977-2014","volume":"68","author":"Villumsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13537","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13601-y","article-title":"Gut microbiome alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Vogt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-072116-031347","article-title":"The microbiome and host behavior","volume":"40","author":"Vuong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0560","article-title":"The effects of probiotics on symptoms of depression: protocol for a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"1\u20139","author":"Wallace","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0565","first-page":"4","article-title":"Alterations in Gut glutamate metabolism associated with changes in Gut microbiota composition in children with autism spectrum disorder","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0570","first-page":"4","article-title":"Social-stress-responsive microbiota induces stimulation of self-reactive effector T helper cells","author":"Werbner","year":"2019","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-052016-100342","article-title":"Immunity to commensal Fungi: detente and disease","volume":"12","author":"Wheeler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.01.026","article-title":"NLRP6 inflammasome orchestrates the colonic host-microbial interface by regulating goblet cell mucus secretion","volume":"156","author":"Wlodarska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.46","article-title":"Inflammasome signaling affects anxiety- and depressive-like behavior and gut microbiome composition","volume":"21","author":"Wong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00040-6","article-title":"Intestinal microbial dysbiosis aggravates the progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in Drosophila","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25500","article-title":"C-MAF-dependent regulatory T cells mediate immunological tolerance to a gut pathobiont","volume":"554","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1413-8","article-title":"Recent advances in the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its inhibitors","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01917-2","article-title":"Remodelling of the gut microbiota by hyperactive NLRP3 induces regulatory T cells to maintain homeostasis","volume":"8","author":"Yao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.08.003","article-title":"Tryptophan catabolites from microbiota engage aryl hydrocarbon receptor and balance mucosal reactivity via interleukin-22","volume":"39","author":"Zelante","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1138","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.112","article-title":"Blockade of interleukin-6 receptor in the periphery promotes rapid and sustained antidepressant actions: a possible role of gut-microbiota-brain axis","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.44","article-title":"Gut microbiome remodeling induces depressive-like behaviors through a pathway mediated by the host\u2019s metabolism","volume":"21","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1082-x","article-title":"Innate lymphoid cells support regulatory T cells in the intestine through interleukin-2","volume":"568","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.08.041","article-title":"Personalized gut mucosal colonization resistance to empiric probiotics is associated with unique host and microbiome features","volume":"174","author":"Zmora","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996119303894?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996119303894?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T05:15:30Z","timestamp":1760850930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0969996119303894"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":126,"alternative-id":["S0969996119303894"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-9961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-9961","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The microbiota-immune axis as a central mediator of gut-brain communication","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurobiology of Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2019.104714","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Author. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104714"}}