{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:05:57Z","timestamp":1792109157705,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFC2008500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2008500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFC2008502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2008502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82172534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82202792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82202792"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T19:13:27Z","timestamp":1740424407000},"page":"106854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Harnessing spinal circuit reorganization for targeted functional recovery after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16877","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1419045111","article-title":"Degradation of mouse locomotor pattern in the absence of proprioceptive sensory feedback","volume":"111","author":"Akay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01196-1","article-title":"Natural and targeted circuit reorganization after spinal cord injury","volume":"25","author":"Anderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu038","article-title":"Altering spinal cord excitability enables voluntary movements after chronic complete paralysis in humans","volume":"137","author":"Angeli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207533","article-title":"Spinal cord injury: pathophysiology, multimolecular interactions, and underlying recovery mechanisms","volume":"21","author":"Anjum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-08183-w","article-title":"tACS motor system effects can be caused by transcutaneous stimulation of peripheral nerves","volume":"10","author":"Asamoah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0093-5","article-title":"Cortico-reticulo-spinal circuit reorganization enables functional recovery after severe spinal cord contusion","volume":"21","author":"Asboth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4541","article-title":"Cell transplantation therapy for spinal cord injury","volume":"20","author":"Assinck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21865","article-title":"Cell transplantation and secretome based approaches in spinal cord injury regenerative medicine","volume":"42","author":"Assun\u00e7\u00e3o Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3005972","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the midbrain locomotor region improves paretic hindlimb function after spinal cord injury in rats","volume":"5","author":"Bachmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1195","article-title":"The injured spinal cord spontaneously forms a new intraspinal circuit in adult rats","volume":"7","author":"Bareyre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01106-5","article-title":"Epidural electrical stimulation of the cervical dorsal roots restores voluntary upper limb control in paralyzed monkeys","volume":"25","author":"Barra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.09.023","article-title":"Multisensory signaling shapes Vestibulo-motor circuit specificity","volume":"163","author":"Basaldella","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt204","article-title":"Undirected compensatory plasticity contributes to neuronal dysfunction after severe spinal cord injury","volume":"136","author":"Beauparlant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01067-9","article-title":"Neurotransmitter phenotype switching by spinal excitatory interneurons regulates locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury","volume":"25","author":"Bertels","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9926","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1809050115","article-title":"Adult spinal motoneurons change their neurotransmitter phenotype to control locomotion","volume":"115","author":"Bertuzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq6885","article-title":"Activation of MAP2K signaling by genetic engineering or HF-rTMS promotes corticospinal axon sprouting and functional regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Boato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22137-9","article-title":"Multi-pronged neuromodulation intervention engages the residual motor circuitry to facilitate walking in a rat model of spinal cord injury","volume":"12","author":"Bonizzato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181406","article-title":"Corticospinal circuit remodeling after central nervous system injury is dependent on neuronal activity","volume":"216","author":"Bradley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108667","article-title":"Acute post-injury blockade of \u03b12\u03b4-1 calcium channel subunits prevents pathological autonomic plasticity after spinal cord injury","volume":"34","author":"Brennan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-20980-4","article-title":"Improving hindlimb locomotor function by non-invasive AAV-mediated manipulations of propriospinal neurons in mice with complete spinal cord injury","volume":"12","author":"Brommer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2018.00030","article-title":"Reticulospinal systems for tuning motor commands","volume":"12","author":"Brownstone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neural Circuits"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.21715","article-title":"Spinal microcircuits comprising dI3 interneurons are necessary for motor functional recovery following spinal cord transection","volume":"5","author":"Bui","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E90","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181642a97","article-title":"Neurophysiological evidence of antidromic activation of large myelinated fibres in lower limbs during spinal cord stimulation","volume":"33","author":"Buonocore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19326","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1688-13.2013","article-title":"A computational model for epidural electrical stimulation of spinal sensorimotor circuits","volume":"33","author":"Capogrosso","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01418-0","article-title":"The mesencephalic locomotor region recruits V2a reticulospinal neurons to drive forward locomotion in larval zebrafish","volume":"26","author":"Carbo-Tano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.06.005","article-title":"Reactivation of dormant relay pathways in injured spinal cord by KCC2 manipulations","volume":"174","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0135","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation reduces neuroinflammation through microglia polarization regulation to improve functional recovery after spinal cord injury","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113704","article-title":"Neuroimmunological therapies for treating spinal cord injury: evidence and future perspectives","volume":"341","author":"Chio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3676","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03306-x","article-title":"Hypothalamic deep brain stimulation augments walking after spinal cord injury","volume":"30","author":"Cho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-06651-3","article-title":"Reducing neuronal inhibition restores locomotion in paralysed mice","volume":"561","author":"Courtine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0475-6","article-title":"Spinal cord repair: advances in biology and technology","volume":"25","author":"Courtine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1682","article-title":"Recovery of supraspinal control of stepping via indirect propriospinal relay connections after spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Courtine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2401","article-title":"Transformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input","volume":"12","author":"Courtine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.12.006","article-title":"Neurochemical excitation of thoracic propriospinal neurons improves hindlimb stepping in adult rats with spinal cord lesions","volume":"264","author":"Cowley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0633-7","article-title":"Brainstem neurons that command mammalian locomotor asymmetries","volume":"23","author":"Cregg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968319895480","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitative training enhances motor recovery after bilateral spinal cord injury to cervical forelimb motor pools","volume":"34","author":"Darrow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.113635","article-title":"Embryonic temporal-spatial delineation of excitatory spinal V3 interneuron diversity","volume":"43","author":"Deska-Gauthier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt262","article-title":"Restoration of sensorimotor functions after spinal cord injury","volume":"137","author":"Dietz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.08.015","article-title":"Locomotor rhythm generation linked to the output of spinal shox2 excitatory interneurons","volume":"80","author":"Dougherty","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968309343213","article-title":"Management of spasticity after spinal cord injury: current techniques and future directions","volume":"24","author":"Elbasiouny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8292","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0474-20.2020","article-title":"The Gigantocellular reticular nucleus plays a significant role in locomotor recovery after incomplete spinal cord injury","volume":"40","author":"Engmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.02.101","article-title":"Application of Vagus nerve stimulation in spinal cord injury rehabilitation","volume":"174","author":"Fallahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13399","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0701-14.2014","article-title":"Bridging the gap: a reticulo-propriospinal detour bypassing an incomplete spinal cord injury","volume":"34","author":"Filli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.01.016","article-title":"The role of propriospinal interneurons in recovery from spinal cord injury","volume":"60","author":"Flynn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0262-6","article-title":"Electrical spinal cord stimulation must preserve proprioception to enable locomotion in humans with spinal cord injury","volume":"21","author":"Formento","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32058","article-title":"Closed-loop neuromodulation restores network connectivity and motor control after spinal cord injury","volume":"7","author":"Ganzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.054","article-title":"Restoring the sense of touch using a sensorimotor demultiplexing neural Interface","volume":"181","author":"Ganzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2021.04.023","article-title":"Chemogenetic stimulation of proprioceptors remodels lumbar interneuron excitability and promotes motor recovery after SCI","volume":"29","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2377","article-title":"Chondroitinase ABC treatment opens a window of opportunity for task-specific rehabilitation","volume":"12","author":"Garc\u00eda-Al\u00edas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plrev.2023.10.037","article-title":"Control of movement of underwater swimmers: animals, simulated animates and swimming robots","volume":"47","author":"Gordleeva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phys Life Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37845-7","article-title":"A case study of percutaneous epidural stimulation to enable motor control in two men after spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Gorgey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2608","article-title":"Circuits controlling vertebrate locomotion: moving in a new direction","volume":"10","author":"Goulding","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20703-1","article-title":"Recruitment of upper-limb motoneurons with epidural electrical stimulation of the cervical spinal cord","volume":"12","author":"Greiner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2019","article-title":"Current principles of motor control, with special reference to vertebrate locomotion","volume":"100","author":"Grillner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.02.002","article-title":"Restoring cellular energetics promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury","volume":"31","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2024.03.038","article-title":"Transplantation of dorsal root ganglia overexpressing the NaChBac sodium channel improves locomotion after complete SCI","volume":"32","author":"Hingorani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000750","article-title":"Enhancing rehabilitation and functional recovery after brain and spinal cord trauma with electrical neuromodulation","volume":"32","author":"Hofer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3681","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac184","article-title":"Stimulation of the cuneiform nucleus enables training and boosts recovery after spinal cord injury","volume":"145","author":"Hofer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01477-6","article-title":"Spinal cord injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions","volume":"8","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7093","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27419-w","article-title":"An injury-induced serotonergic neuron subpopulation contributes to axon regrowth and function restoration after spinal cord injury in zebrafish","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13145","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2995-12.2012","article-title":"Spinal cord injury induces serotonin supersensitivity without increasing intrinsic excitability of mouse V2a interneurons","volume":"32","author":"Husch","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0280-3","article-title":"The translational landscape in spinal cord injury: focus on neuroplasticity and regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Hutson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00068-9","article-title":"Effects of red nucleus ablation and exogenous neurotrophin-3 on corticospinal axon terminal distribution in the adult rat","volume":"104","author":"Jeffery","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3441-15.2016","article-title":"Competition with primary sensory afferents drives remodeling of corticospinal axons in mature spinal motor circuits","volume":"36","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.18146","article-title":"Intramuscular Neurotrophin-3 normalizes low threshold spinal reflexes, reduces spasms and improves mobility after bilateral corticospinal tract injury in rats","volume":"5","author":"Kathe","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05385-7","article-title":"The neurons that restore walking after paralysis","volume":"611","author":"Kathe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5494","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02484-w","article-title":"Corticospinal motor circuit plasticity after spinal cord injury: harnessing neuroplasticity to improve functional outcomes","volume":"58","author":"Kazim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5850","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26026-z","article-title":"Noninvasive spinal stimulation safely enables upright posture in children with spinal cord injury","volume":"12","author":"Keller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.9","article-title":"Decoding the organization of spinal circuits that control locomotion","volume":"17","author":"Kiehn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23881","article-title":"Neuropathic pain following traumatic spinal cord injury: models, measurement, and mechanisms","volume":"95","author":"Kramer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858420966276","article-title":"The Translesional spinal network and its reorganization after spinal cord injury","volume":"28","author":"Krupa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10259","article-title":"Red nucleus projections to distinct motor neuron pools in the rat spinal cord","volume":"448","author":"K\u00fcchler","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122103","article-title":"Tail nerve electrical stimulation promoted the efficiency of transplanted spinal cord-like tissue as a neuronal relay to repair the motor function of rats with transected spinal cord injury","volume":"297","author":"Lai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf6801","article-title":"Two inhibitory neuronal classes govern acquisition and recall of spinal sensorimotor adaptation","volume":"384","author":"Lavaud","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2023.09.013","article-title":"Modulatory effect of trans-spinal magnetic intermittent theta burst stimulation on diaphragmatic activity following cervical spinal cord contusion in the rat","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45300-4","article-title":"Functional plasticity of glutamatergic neurons of medullary reticular nuclei after spinal cord injury in mice","volume":"15","author":"Lemieux","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4331","article-title":"Pericytes impair capillary blood flow and motor function after chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adn7095","article-title":"Reduction of prolonged excitatory neuron swelling after spinal cord injury improves locomotor recovery in mice","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-015-0993-z","article-title":"Terminations of reticulospinal fibers originating from the gigantocellular reticular formation in the mouse spinal cord","volume":"221","author":"Liang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2603","article-title":"PTEN deletion enhances the regenerative ability of adult corticospinal neurons","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06094-5","article-title":"Walking naturally after spinal cord injury using a brain-spine interface","volume":"618","author":"Lorach","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0001-8","article-title":"Intrinsic mechanisms of neuronal axon regeneration","volume":"19","author":"Mahar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2015.03.001","article-title":"Peeling back the layers of locomotor control in the spinal cord","volume":"33","author":"McLean","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39034-y","article-title":"Rare phenomena of central rhythm and pattern generation in a case of complete spinal cord injury","volume":"14","author":"Minassian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2013.04.003","article-title":"Where no synapses go: gatekeepers of circuit remodeling and synaptic strength","volume":"36","author":"Mironova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1175737","article-title":"KLF family members regulate intrinsic axon regeneration ability","volume":"326","author":"Moore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.01.009","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the neuromodulation of spinal circuits for correcting gait and balance deficits after spinal cord injury","volume":"89","author":"Moraud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1147243","article-title":"Time-dependent central compensatory mechanisms of finger dexterity after spinal cord injury","volume":"318","author":"Nishimura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2022.884785","article-title":"The mesencephalic locomotor region: beyond locomotor control","volume":"16","author":"Noga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neural Circuits"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1425","article-title":"Conditional ablation of Stat3 or Socs3 discloses a dual role for reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury","volume":"12","author":"Okada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae088","article-title":"A direct spinal cord-computer interface enables the control of the paralysed hand in spinal cord injury","volume":"147","author":"Oliveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-018-0631-6","article-title":"Spinal cord injury scarring and inflammation: therapies targeting glial and inflammatory responses","volume":"15","author":"Orr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90608","article-title":"Cell biology of spinal cord injury and repair","volume":"127","author":"O\u2019Shea","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858413491146","article-title":"Plasticity in the injured brain: more than molecules matter","volume":"20","author":"Overman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2018.08.008","article-title":"Sensory and descending motor circuitry during development and injury","volume":"53","author":"Plant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70144-9","article-title":"Restoring function after spinal cord injury: towards clinical translation of experimental strategies","volume":"13","author":"Ramer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.7b00503","article-title":"Excitatory and inhibitory neuronal circuits in the spinal cord and their role in the control of motor neuron function and degeneration","volume":"9","author":"Ram\u00edrez-Jarqu\u00edn","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.10.003","article-title":"Spinal inhibitory circuits and their role in motor neuron degeneration","volume":"82","author":"Ram\u00edrez-Jarqu\u00edn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2691","article-title":"Extensive spontaneous plasticity of corticospinal projections after primate spinal cord injury","volume":"13","author":"Rosenzweig","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-061010-113746","article-title":"Recovery of locomotion after spinal cord injury: some facts and mechanisms","volume":"34","author":"Rossignol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01663-5","article-title":"Activity-dependent spinal cord neuromodulation rapidly restores trunk and leg motor functions after complete paralysis","volume":"28","author":"Rowald","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06294.x","article-title":"Multiple cerebellar zones are involved in the control of individual muscles: a retrograde transneuronal tracing study with rabies virus in the rat","volume":"28","author":"Ruigrok","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114178","article-title":"Activity-dependent plasticity and spinal cord stimulation for motor recovery following spinal cord injury","volume":"357","author":"Samejima","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.02.011","article-title":"Nogo limits neural plasticity and recovery from injury","volume":"27","author":"Schwab","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-083122-025325","article-title":"Spinal interneurons: diversity and connectivity in motor control","volume":"46","author":"Sengupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0488-y","article-title":"Brain-machine interfaces from motor to mood","volume":"22","author":"Shanechi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adk3912","article-title":"From single cells to neural circuits","volume":"382","author":"Skinnider","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07504-y","article-title":"Single-cell and spatial atlases of spinal cord injury in the Tabulae paralytica","volume":"631","author":"Skinnider","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2548","article-title":"A parallel cholinergic brainstem pathway for enhancing locomotor drive","volume":"13","author":"Smetana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0068-4","article-title":"Dissecting spinal cord regeneration","volume":"557","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.2927","article-title":"Role of endogenous neural stem cells in spinal cord injury and repair","volume":"72","author":"Stenudd","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI130391","article-title":"Gabapentinoid treatment promotes corticospinal plasticity and regeneration following murine spinal cord injury","volume":"130","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.03.010","article-title":"Functional local proprioceptive feedback circuits initiate and maintain locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury","volume":"27","author":"Takeoka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.019","article-title":"Muscle spindle feedback directs locomotor recovery and circuit reorganization after spinal cord injury","volume":"159","author":"Takeoka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2017","article-title":"The biology of regeneration failure and success after spinal cord injury","volume":"98","author":"Tran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.02.038","article-title":"Stem cell paracrine effect and delivery strategies for spinal cord injury regeneration","volume":"300","author":"Veneruso","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.05.003","article-title":"Reticulospinal plasticity after cervical spinal cord injury in the rat involves withdrawal of projections below the injury","volume":"247","author":"Weishaupt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2024.114844","article-title":"Repeated trans-spinal magnetic stimulation promotes microglial phagocytosis of myelin debris after spinal cord injury through LRP-1","volume":"379","author":"Zhai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00562-y","article-title":"Regulation of axonal regeneration after mammalian spinal cord injury","volume":"24","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2018.06.004","article-title":"The Neuroplastic and therapeutic potential of spinal interneurons in the injured spinal cord","volume":"41","author":"Zholudeva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1654-20.2020","article-title":"Spinal interneurons as gatekeepers to neuroplasticity after injury or disease","volume":"41","author":"Zholudeva","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-44898-9","article-title":"Dual electrical stimulation at spinal-muscular interface reconstructs spinal sensorimotor circuits after spinal cord injury","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu078","article-title":"Chasing central nervous system plasticity: the brainstem\u2019s contribution to locomotor recovery in rats with spinal cord injury","volume":"137","author":"Z\u00f6rner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01416-0","article-title":"Controlled delivery of a neurotransmitter-agonist conjugate for functional recovery after severe spinal cord injury","volume":"18","author":"Zuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."}],"container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996125000701?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996125000701?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T18:49:00Z","timestamp":1766083740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0969996125000701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":124,"alternative-id":["S0969996125000701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-9961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-9961","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Harnessing spinal circuit reorganization for targeted functional recovery after spinal cord injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurobiology of Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.106854","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106854"}}