{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:54:56Z","timestamp":1790686496808,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018693","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101136607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101136607"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018713","name":"Center for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FoUI-1023640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FoUI-1023640"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018713","name":"Center for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FoUI-962240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FoUI-962240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018713","name":"Center for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FoUI-987534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FoUI-987534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018713","name":"Center for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FoUI-988826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FoUI-988826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018713","name":"Center for Innovative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20200505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200505"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006075","name":"Greta and Johan Kock Foundations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006075","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008444","name":"Parkinsonfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008444","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010815","name":"Stiftelsen f\u00f6r Gamla Tj\u00e4narinnor","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010815","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AF-1010553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF-1010553"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AF-1031740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF-1031740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AF-980580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF-980580"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AF-968032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF-968032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008599","name":"Alzheimerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AF-994058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF-994058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008599","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007435","name":"\u00c5ke Wiberg Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007435","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004047","name":"Karolinska Institutet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO2023-0261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO2023-0261"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO2025-0214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO2025-0214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO2022-0175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO2022-0175"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003792","name":"Hj\u00e4rnfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FO2021-0131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO2021-0131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009673","name":"Gun Och Bertil Stohnes Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009673","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202201000005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201000005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0820250119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0820250119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82301663"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82301663"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023M730742"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M730742"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Czech Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25-18359M"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25-18359M"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017237","name":"Hans-Gabriel and Alice Trolle-Wachtmeister Foundation for Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017237","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025-02984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-02984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-00916"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-00916"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T11:31:53Z","timestamp":1778758313000},"page":"107449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Differential cholinergic white matter microstructural alterations in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"Siming","family":"Rong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xilie","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chentao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qibing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingyue","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijing","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaiyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenka","family":"Vyslouzilova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan J.","family":"Teipel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Nemy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengfei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2007.06.004","article-title":"Symmetric diffeomorphic image registration with cross-correlation: evaluating automated labeling of elderly and neurodegenerative brain","volume":"12","author":"Avants","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1006\/jmrb.1996.0086","article-title":"Microstructural and physiological features of tissues elucidated by quantitative-diffusion-tensor MRI","volume":"111","author":"Basser","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. B"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.09.018","article-title":"Probabilistic diffusion tractography with multiple fibre orientations: what can we gain?","volume":"34","author":"Behrens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.6.944","article-title":"Depletion of mesopontine cholinergic and sparing of raphe neurons in multiple system atrophy","volume":"59","author":"Benarroch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c1ded6","article-title":"History of falls in Parkinson disease is associated with reduced cholinergic activity","volume":"73","author":"Bohnen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.60","article-title":"Heterogeneity of cholinergic denervation in Parkinson\u2019s disease without dementia","volume":"32","author":"Bohnen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00377-X","article-title":"Cholinergic system changes in Parkinson\u2019s disease: emerging therapeutic approaches","volume":"21","author":"Bohnen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12362","article-title":"Progression of alpha-synuclein pathology in multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type","volume":"43","author":"Brettschneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0045","article-title":"Cholinergic disruption contributes to motoric cognitive dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaf124","article-title":"Advanced brain aging, selective vulnerability in gray matter, and cognition in Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjno-2025-001079","article-title":"Efficacy of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine on symptoms not responsive to levodopa in patients affected by Parkinson\u2019s disease without dementia: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Cani","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Neurol Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1572-y","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein-induced myelination deficit defines a novel interventional target for multiple system atrophy","volume":"132","author":"Ettle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-024-00756-2","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein pathology disrupts mitochondrial function in dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons at-risk in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Geibl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15","article-title":"Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy","volume":"71","author":"Gilman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000073624.13436.32","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea is related to a thalamic cholinergic deficit in MSA","volume":"61","author":"Gilman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181dc1a55","article-title":"Cerebral cortical and subcortical cholinergic deficits in parkinsonian syndromes","volume":"74","author":"Gilman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.02.015","article-title":"Connectivity-enhanced diffusion analysis reveals white matter density disruptions in first episode and chronic schizophrenia","volume":"18","author":"Grazioplene","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.660342","article-title":"Cholinergic system and its therapeutic importance in inflammation and autoimmunity","volume":"12","author":"Halder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0000000000000014","article-title":"Pedunculopontine cholinergic cell loss in hallucinating Parkinson disease patients but not in dementia with Lewy bodies patients","volume":"72","author":"Hepp","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22056","article-title":"PET study of brain acetylcholinesterase in cerebellar degenerative disorders","volume":"23","author":"Hirano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12678","article-title":"Oligodendroglial \u03b1-synucleinopathy-driven neuroinflammation in multiple system atrophy","volume":"29","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz318","article-title":"Postmortem dissections of common targets for lesion and deep brain stimulation surgeries","volume":"86","author":"Holanda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0115","series-title":"Cerebrovascular Co-pathology and Cholinergic White Matter Pathways along the Lewy Body Continuum","author":"Jerele","year":"2024"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.49.12.1374","article-title":"Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and its relation to dementia","volume":"49","author":"Jolkkonen","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-132345","article-title":"Subregional basal forebrain atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a multicenter study","volume":"40","author":"Kilimann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(95)06004-9","article-title":"CSF acetylcholinesterase in Parkinson disease: decreased enzyme activity and immunoreactivity in demented patients","volume":"235","author":"Konings","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160119","article-title":"Mini-mental state examination in elderly Chinese: a population-based normative study","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26311","article-title":"Direct localization and delineation of human pedunculopontine nucleus based on a self-supervised magnetic resonance image super-resolution method","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3804","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae145","article-title":"Meso-cortical pathway damage in cognition, apathy and gait in cerebral small vessel disease","volume":"147","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.07.012","article-title":"[(123)I]-IBVM SPECT imaging of cholinergic systems in multiple system atrophy: a specific alteration of the ponto-thalamic cholinergic pathways (Ch5-Ch6)","volume":"3","author":"Mazere","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa126","article-title":"Hippocampal \u03b1-synuclein pathology correlates with memory impairment in multiple system atrophy","volume":"143","author":"Miki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2021.11.010","article-title":"Postural and gait symptoms in de novo Parkinson\u2019s disease patients correlate with cholinergic white matter pathology","volume":"93","author":"Nazmuddin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116607","article-title":"Cholinergic white matter pathways make a stronger contribution to attention and memory in normal aging than cerebrovascular health and nucleus basalis of Meynert","volume":"211","author":"Nemy","year":"2020","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac385","article-title":"Cholinergic white matter pathways along the Alzheimer\u2019s disease continuum","volume":"146","author":"Nemy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlac096","article-title":"Pathological appearance of a case of preclinical multiple system atrophy: a comparison with advanced cases","volume":"81","author":"Okada","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29195","article-title":"Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging microstructural abnormalities in multiple system atrophy: a comprehensive review","volume":"37","author":"Pasquini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22055","article-title":"Free water elimination and mapping from diffusion MRI","volume":"62","author":"Pasternak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.1.40","article-title":"CSF acetylcholinesterase levels are reduced in multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure","volume":"39","author":"Polinsky","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","article-title":"MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Postuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.09.011","article-title":"Fast and sequence-adaptive whole-brain segmentation using parametric Bayesian modeling","volume":"143","author":"Puonti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac127","article-title":"Free-water imaging of the cholinergic basal forebrain and pedunculopontine nucleus in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"146","author":"Ray","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0215","article-title":"Regional associations between cerebrovascular disease and cholinergic white matter pathways in the Lewy body continuum","volume":"11","author":"Rennie","year":"2025","journal-title":"NPJ Park. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.851788","article-title":"Reduction in volume of nucleus basalis of Meynert is specific to Parkinson\u2019s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy but not to multiple system atrophy","volume":"14","author":"Rogozinski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2019.05.008","article-title":"Synthesized b0 for diffusion distortion correction (Synb0-DisCo)","volume":"64","author":"Schilling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000298691.71637.96","article-title":"Mesopontine cholinergic neuron involvement in Lewy body dementia and multiple system atrophy","volume":"70","author":"Schmeichel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab372","article-title":"Cholinergic white matter pathways in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"145","author":"Schumacher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13034","article-title":"Free water imaging of the cholinergic system in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","author":"Schumacher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00743-w","article-title":"Associations of cholinergic system integrity with cognitive decline in GBA1 and LRRK2 mutation carriers","volume":"10","author":"Schumacher","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12168","article-title":"The brainstem pathologies of Parkinson\u2019s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"25","author":"Seidel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.12.2249","article-title":"Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain","volume":"121","author":"Selden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12184-9","article-title":"Free water imaging in Parkinson\u2019s disease and atypical parkinsonian disorders","volume":"271","author":"Shah","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2025.107793","article-title":"Cholinergic basal forebrain atrophy and cortical alterations in Parkinson\u2019s disease with apathy","volume":"134","author":"Si","year":"2025","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30023","article-title":"Cholinergic basal forebrain integrity and cognition in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a reappraisal of magnetic resonance imaging evidence","volume":"39","author":"Slater","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2022.2065362","article-title":"Cholinergic nucleus 4 grey matter density is associated with apathy in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"37","author":"Sperling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropsychol."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp282","article-title":"Brain alpha-synuclein accumulation in multiple system atrophy, Parkinson\u2019s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy: a comparative investigation","volume":"133","author":"Tong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.08.017","article-title":"The pedunclopontine nucleus and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"128","author":"Tubert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-020-02157-3","article-title":"The structural differences between patient-derived \u03b1-synuclein strains dictate characteristics of Parkinson\u2019s disease, multiple system atrophy and dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"139","author":"Van der Perren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12811-5","article-title":"LRRK2 mutation contributes to decreased free water in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in manifest and premanifest Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"272","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29005","article-title":"The Movement Disorder Society criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy","volume":"37","author":"Wenning","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0305","first-page":"254","article-title":"The physical and biological basis of quantitative parameters derived from diffusion MRI","volume":"2","author":"Winston","year":"2012","journal-title":"Quant. Imaging Med. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16108","article-title":"Cholinergic basal forebrain system degeneration underlies postural instability\/gait difficulty and attention impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"31","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-102417","article-title":"PANDA study: subtyping of Parkinson\u2019s disease \u2013 cohort study protocol","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000209220","article-title":"Free-water imaging of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder and Parkinson disease","volume":"102","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Neurobiology of Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996126001944?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0969996126001944?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:59:30Z","timestamp":1790683170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0969996126001944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["S0969996126001944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-9961"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-9961","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differential cholinergic white matter microstructural alterations in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurobiology of Disease","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107449","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107449"}}