{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:36:02Z","timestamp":1785465362204,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31NS113408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31NS113408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007493","name":"University of Colorado Boulder","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007493","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"US Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-21-1-083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-21-1-083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"US Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-14-1-0384"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-14-1-0384"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T19:34:31Z","timestamp":1740771271000},"page":"100115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Microglial depletion and repopulation differentially modulate sleep and inflammation in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Katherine R.","family":"Giordano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tabitha R.F.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Opp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9034-3159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel K.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Endocrine sequelae of traumatic brain injury in childhood","volume":"68","author":"Acerini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib2","article-title":"Design and synthesis of brain penetrant glycopeptide analogues of PACAP with neuroprotective potential for traumatic brain injury and parkinsonism","volume":"1","author":"Apostol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Drug Discov (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib3","first-page":"119","article-title":"The glial perspective on sleep and circadian rhythms","volume":"43","author":"Artiushin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.300439","article-title":"Microglial depletion and repopulation: a new era of regenerative medicine?","volume":"16","author":"Barnett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5263","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3981-16.2017","article-title":"Sleep loss promotes astrocytic phagocytosis and microglial activation in mouse cerebral cortex","volume":"37","author":"Bellesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib6","article-title":"Microglia: the brain's first responders","volume":"2017","author":"Bilbo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebrum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2024.1352790","article-title":"Deplete and repeat: microglial CSF1R inhibition and traumatic brain injury","volume":"18","author":"Boland","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1715","article-title":"Control of microglial neurotoxicity by the fractalkine receptor","volume":"9","author":"Cardona","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib9","first-page":"467","article-title":"Microglia: first responders in the central nervous system","volume":"54","author":"Catalin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rom. J. Morphol. Embryol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1432217","article-title":"Diagnostic potential of IL6 and other blood-based inflammatory biomarkers in mild traumatic brain injury among children","volume":"15","author":"Chiollaz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.02.002","article-title":"O'Neill LA: circadian clock proteins and immunity","volume":"40","author":"Curtis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2020.104944","article-title":"Microglia dynamics in sleep\/wake states and in response to sleep loss","volume":"143","author":"Deurveilher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352","article-title":"Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury","volume":"130","author":"Dewan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117184","article-title":"Leukocytosis and natural killer cell function parallel neurobehavioral fatigue induced by 64 hours of sleep deprivation","volume":"93","author":"Dinges","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-7-14","article-title":"Assessment of a non-invasive high-throughput classifier for behaviours associated with sleep and wake in mice","volume":"7","author":"Donohue","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomed. Eng. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6349","article-title":"Prevalence of anterior pituitary dysfunction 12 months or more following traumatic brain injury in adults - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Emelifeonwu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2007.04.003","article-title":"The effects of 40 hours of total sleep deprivation on inflammatory markers in healthy young adults","volume":"21","author":"Frey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2001.0157","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in sleep disorders","volume":"5","author":"Fulda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.05.006","article-title":"Evaluation of sleep disorders in patients with severe traumatic brain injury during rehabilitation","volume":"96","author":"Gardani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1106750109","article-title":"The nuclear receptor REV-ERBalpha mediates circadian regulation of innate immunity through selective regulation of inflammatory cytokines","volume":"109","author":"Gibbs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2022.0092","article-title":"Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor inhibition transiently attenuated the peripheral immune response to experimental traumatic brain injury","volume":"4","author":"Giordano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurotrauma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00894","article-title":"The bidirectional relationship between sleep and inflammation links traumatic brain injury and alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"Green","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2023.0057","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier dysfunction predicts microglial activation after traumatic brain injury in juvenile rats","volume":"5","author":"Green","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurotrauma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5103","article-title":"The impact of traumatic brain injury on later life: effects on normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"35","author":"Griesbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2003.12.009","article-title":"Diurnal and sleep-wake dependent variations of soluble TNF- and IL-2 receptors in healthy volunteers","volume":"18","author":"Haack","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.9.1145","article-title":"Elevated inflammatory markers in response to prolonged sleep restriction are associated with increased pain experience in healthy volunteers","volume":"30","author":"Haack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa108","article-title":"Homeostatic state of microglia in a rat model of chronic sleep restriction","volume":"43","author":"Hall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.01.001","article-title":"Resolvins AT-D1 and E1 differentially impact functional outcome, post-traumatic sleep, and microglial activation following diffuse brain injury in the mouse","volume":"47","author":"Harrison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2402-19.2020","article-title":"Microglial depletion with CSF1R inhibitor during chronic phase of experimental traumatic brain injury reduces neurodegeneration and neurological deficits","volume":"40","author":"Henry","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2004.07.008","article-title":"The association between interleukin-6, sleep, and demographic characteristics","volume":"19","author":"Hong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000070380","article-title":"Sleep deprivation inhibits expression of NADPH-d and NOS while activating microglia and astroglia in the rat hippocampus","volume":"173","author":"Hsu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.03.022","article-title":"Vascular impairment as a pathological mechanism underlying long-lasting cognitive dysfunction after pediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"111","author":"Ichkova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2576","article-title":"How (and why) the immune system makes us sleep","volume":"10","author":"Imeri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-1591(02)00003-X","article-title":"Effects of sleep and sleep loss on immunity and cytokines","volume":"16","author":"Irwin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.16.1756","article-title":"Sleep deprivation and activation of morning levels of cellular and genomic markers of inflammation","volume":"166","author":"Irwin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2009.06.001","article-title":"Sleep loss activates cellular markers of inflammation: sex differences","volume":"24","author":"Irwin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.5687","article-title":"Longitudinal developmental outcomes after traumatic brain injury in young children: are infants more vulnerable than toddlers?","volume":"36","author":"Keenan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000412","article-title":"Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"8","author":"Kilkenny","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70834-4","article-title":"The association between salivary IL-6 and poor sleep quality assessed using Apple watches in stressed workers in Japan","volume":"14","author":"Koreki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib40","article-title":"Central cytokines and sleep","volume":"150","author":"Krueger","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3408","DOI":"10.2174\/138161208786549281","article-title":"The role of cytokines in sleep regulation","volume":"14","author":"Krueger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1159\/000236827","article-title":"Cytokines and sleep","volume":"106","author":"Krueger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05826.x","article-title":"The role of cytokines in physiological sleep regulation","volume":"933","author":"Krueger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2007.03.003","article-title":"Sleep and cytokines","volume":"2","author":"Krueger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2521","article-title":"Sleep as a fundamental property of neuronal assemblies","volume":"9","author":"Krueger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52006-7.00015-0","article-title":"Cytokines in immune function and sleep regulation","volume":"98","author":"Krueger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.12.021","article-title":"Acute CSF interleukin-6 trajectories after TBI: associations with neuroinflammation, polytrauma, and outcome","volume":"45","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.06.005","article-title":"Subjective health perception in healthy young men changes in response to experimentally restricted sleep and subsequent recovery sleep","volume":"34","author":"Lekander","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3007092","article-title":"Dietary therapy mitigates persistent wake deficits caused by mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"5","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00229","article-title":"Modulating neurotoxicity through CX3CL1\/CX3CR1 signaling","volume":"8","author":"Limatola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2010.09.005","article-title":"Neuroprotection for traumatic brain injury: translational challenges and emerging therapeutic strategies","volume":"31","author":"Loane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s41016-019-0173-8","article-title":"Sex differences in traumatic brain injury: a multi-dimensional exploration in genes, hormones, cells, individuals, and society","volume":"5","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin Neurosurg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70996-1","article-title":"The importance of including both sexes in preclinical sleep studies and analyses","volume":"14","author":"Mannino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.050","article-title":"Effect of sleep loss on C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker of cardiovascular risk","volume":"43","author":"Meier-Ewert","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001511","article-title":"Costs of nonfatal traumatic brain injury in the United States, 2016","volume":"59","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19971215)50:6<1023::AID-JNR13>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide enhances synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in cultured rat microglia","volume":"50","author":"Miwa","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2010.08.014","article-title":"Sleep loss and inflammation","volume":"24","author":"Mullington","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl165","article-title":"Essential protective roles of reactive astrocytes in traumatic brain injury","volume":"129","author":"Myer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.2174\/1568006043481284","article-title":"Microglia: neuroprotective and neurotrophic cells in the central nervous system","volume":"4","author":"Nakajima","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets - Cardiovasc. Hematol. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-022-01827-y","article-title":"Interleukin-6 as a prognostic biomarker of clinical outcomes after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Ooi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01410","article-title":"Epidemiology of pediatric traumatic brain injury and hypothalamic-pituitary disorders in Arizona","volume":"10","author":"Ortiz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib62","series-title":"Sleep Stats Data Explorer","author":"Ouellette","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib63","article-title":"Diffuse brain injury induces acute post-traumatic sleep","author":"Rowe","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082507","article-title":"Diffuse brain injury induces acute post-traumatic sleep","volume":"9","author":"Rowe","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1200-y","article-title":"Novel TNF receptor-1 inhibitors identified as potential therapeutic candidates for traumatic brain injury","volume":"15","author":"Rowe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib66","article-title":"Acute post-traumatic sleep may define vulnerability to a second traumatic brain injury in mice","author":"Rowe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11081241","article-title":"Microglia are necessary to regulate sleep after an immune challenge","volume":"11","author":"Rowe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14611","article-title":"Acute peripheral inflammation and post-traumatic sleep differ between sexes after experimental diffuse brain injury","volume":"52","author":"Saber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24771","article-title":"Experimental diffuse brain injury and a model of Alzheimer's disease exhibit disease-specific changes in sleep and incongruous peripheral inflammation","volume":"99","author":"Saber","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S244","DOI":"10.1301\/nr.2007.dec.S244-S252","article-title":"Sleep and inflammation","volume":"65","author":"Simpson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.5810","article-title":"Hypocretin mediates sleep and wake disturbances in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury","volume":"36","author":"Thomasy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2012.08.008","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury and sleep disorders","volume":"30","author":"Viola-Saltzman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.3.261","article-title":"Evidence for neuroinflammatory and microglial changes in the cerebral response to sleep loss","volume":"34","author":"Wisor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-182583","article-title":"Sleep disorders in traumatic brain injury","volume":"43","author":"Wolfe","year":"2018","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.01.007","article-title":"Determinants of social behavior deficits and recovery after pediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"314","author":"Zamani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-221244","article-title":"Sleep disturbances predict cognitive decline in cognitively healthy adults","volume":"92","author":"Zawar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"}],"container-title":["Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2451994425000045?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2451994425000045?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T23:46:45Z","timestamp":1762386405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2451994425000045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S2451994425000045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115","relation":{},"ISSN":["2451-9944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2451-9944","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Microglial depletion and repopulation differentially modulate sleep and inflammation in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbscr.2025.100115","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100115"}}