{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T02:04:54Z","timestamp":1787882694112,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurologic Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T08:53:42Z","timestamp":1737708822000},"page":"427-443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Physiotherapy and Exercise in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Bellows","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2401857","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"391","author":"Tanner","year":"2024","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-322338","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease: etiopathogenesis and treatment","volume":"91","author":"Jankovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27830","article-title":"Home-based monitoring of falls using wearable sensors in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"35","author":"Silva de Lima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2016.02.006","article-title":"Recurrent falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease after one year of follow-up: a nested case-control study","volume":"65","author":"Gazibara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117018","article-title":"Prediction of falls and\/or near falls in people with mild Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Lindholm","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13860","article-title":"Prevention of falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease: guidelines and gaps","volume":"10","author":"Camicioli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-021-00251-1","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors for gait, balance, and fall in Parkinson disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Park Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib8","article-title":"Interventions for preventing falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Allen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25404","article-title":"Three simple clinical tests to accurately predict falls in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Paul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16122216","article-title":"Falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease subtypes: risk factors, locations and circumstances","volume":"16","author":"Pelicioni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001278","article-title":"Freezing of gait: pharmacological and surgical options","author":"G\u00e1mez-Leyva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib12","first-page":"3310","article-title":"Managing freezing of gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"269","author":"Kwok","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib13","first-page":"1","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review on exercise and training-based interventions for freezing of gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Gilat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Npj Park Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib14","first-page":"135","article-title":"Delivering multidisciplinary rehabilitation care in Parkinson\u2019s disease: an international consensus statement","volume":"14","author":"Goldman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Park Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22377","article-title":"Allied health care in Parkinson\u2019s disease: referral, consultation, and professional expertise","volume":"24","author":"Nijkrake","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.24860","article-title":"Type, timing, frequency, and durability of outcome of physical therapy for Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"El Hayek","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968320952799","article-title":"Physiotherapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis of present treatment modalities","volume":"34","author":"Radder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib18","first-page":"1619","article-title":"Effectiveness of long-term physiotherapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Okada","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Park Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968314542981","article-title":"Intensive rehabilitation treatment in early Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized pilot study with a 2-year follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Frazzitta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.4452","article-title":"Physiotherapy and occupational therapy vs No therapy in mild to moderate Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"73","author":"Clarke","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2016.1275617","article-title":"Physical therapy and occupational therapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"127","author":"Radder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004355","article-title":"Utilization of rehabilitation therapy services in Parkinson disease in the United States","volume":"89","author":"Fullard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1725133","article-title":"Evidence for early and regular physical therapy and exercise in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Ellis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-319448","article-title":"Multicentre, randomised controlled trial of PDSAFE, a physiotherapist-delivered fall prevention programme for people with Parkinson\u2019s","volume":"90","author":"Chivers Seymour","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab302","article-title":"Physical therapist management of Parkinson disease: a clinical practice guideline from the American physical therapy association","volume":"102","author":"Osborne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215515570381","article-title":"Effectiveness of resistance training on muscle strength and physical function in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25380","article-title":"A\u00a0two-year randomized controlled trial of progressive resistance exercise for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Corcos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968311425925","article-title":"Quadriceps muscle weakness, activation deficits, and fatigue with Parkinson disease","volume":"26","author":"Stevens-Lapsley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00698","article-title":"Aerobic-strength exercise improves metabolism and clinical state in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients","volume":"8","author":"Krumpolec","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000163","article-title":"Effects of 2 Years of exercise on gait impairment in people with Parkinson disease: the PRET-PD randomized trial","volume":"41","author":"Rafferty","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Phys Ther JNPT"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968314565511","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial to reduce falls in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Morris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-020-00132-z","article-title":"Effects of the agility boot camp with cognitive challenge (ABC-C) exercise program for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Jung","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Park Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107911","article-title":"Tai chi and postural stability in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"366","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10050","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31325-3","article-title":"Addition of a non-immersive virtual reality component to treadmill training to reduce fall risk in older adults (V-TIME): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"388","author":"Mirelman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib35","first-page":"335","article-title":"Effects of dance on gait, cognition, and dual-tasking in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Kalyani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Park Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.099333","article-title":"A\u00a0randomised controlled trial of a home based exercise programme to reduce the risk of falling among people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"78","author":"Ashburn","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001155","article-title":"Exercise for falls prevention in Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"84","author":"Canning","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.05.031","article-title":"Effectiveness of balance exercise and brisk walking on alleviating non-motor and motor symptoms in people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson\u2019s Disease: a randomized clinical trial with 6-month follow-up","author":"Mak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002077","article-title":"Rehabilitation interventions for improving balance in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a narrative review","volume":"102","author":"Lena","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16232-5","article-title":"Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Ghai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2017.08.002","article-title":"Cueing for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease with freezing of gait: a narrative review of the state-of-the-art and novel perspectives","volume":"61","author":"Ginis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29762","article-title":"On-demand cueing for freezing of gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Zoetewei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13823","article-title":"Efficacy of dual-task training in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Garc\u00eda-L\u00f3pez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27014","article-title":"Training dual tasks together or apart in Parkinson\u2019s disease: results from the DUALITY trial","volume":"32","author":"Strouwen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-020-01858-2","article-title":"LSVT-BIG therapy in Parkinson\u2019s disease: physiological evidence for proprioceptive recalibration","volume":"20","author":"Peterka","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-0179-7","article-title":"Training BIG to move faster: the application of the speed\u2013amplitude relation as a rehabilitation strategy for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"167","author":"Farley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23212","article-title":"Comparing exercise in Parkinson\u2019s disease--the Berlin LSVT\u00aeBIG study","volume":"25","author":"Ebersbach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov Disord Off J Mov Disord Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib48","article-title":"Effect of exercise on motor and nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2015","author":"Dashtipour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Park Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f576","article-title":"Promotion of physical activity and fitness in sedentary patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: randomised controlled trial","volume":"346","author":"van Nimwegen","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib50","first-page":"25","article-title":"Effects of treadmill training on cognitive and motor features of patients with mild to moderate Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pilot, single-blind, randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Picelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30044-4","article-title":"Gait impairments in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Mirelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3517","article-title":"Effect of high-intensity treadmill exercise on motor symptoms in patients with de novo Parkinson disease: a phase 2 randomized clinical trial","volume":"75","author":"Schenkman","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.09.008","article-title":"Exploring potential Predictors of treadmill training effects in people with Parkinson disease","volume":"105","author":"Tsai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-04845-1","article-title":"Effects of virtual reality versus motor imagery versus routine physical therapy in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Kashif","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.09.022","article-title":"Effects of augmented visual feedback during balance training in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"van den Heuvel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215517721593","article-title":"Home-based step training using videogame technology in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a single-blinded randomised controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Song","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib57","first-page":"117","article-title":"Community-based group exercise for persons with Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Combs","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib58","first-page":"2585","article-title":"Boxing with and without kicking techniques for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: an explorative pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Domingos","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Park Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01222","article-title":"Boxing for Parkinson\u2019s disease: has implementation accelerated beyond current evidence?","volume":"10","author":"Morris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib60","first-page":"36","article-title":"FIGHT-PD: a feasibility study of periodized boxing training for Parkinson disease","volume":"16","author":"Blacker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharm Manag PM R"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6034","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1963854","article-title":"High satisfaction and improved quality of life with Rock Steady Boxing in Parkinson\u2019s disease: results of a large-scale survey","volume":"44","author":"Larson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib62","first-page":"1195","article-title":"Efficacy of dance for Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pooled analysis of 372 patients","volume":"269","author":"Hasan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib63","article-title":"Dance is an accessible physical activity for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2021","author":"Emmanouilidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Park Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968313517752","article-title":"Balance and gait training with augmented feedback improves balance confidence in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Shen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.03.022","article-title":"Multi-dimensional balance training programme improves balance and gait performance in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial with 12-month follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Wong-Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disorders"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2018-0595","article-title":"Multimodal training reduces fall frequency as physical activity increases in individuals with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Penko","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Phys Activ Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095452","article-title":"Step training improves reaction time, gait and balance and reduces falls in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Okubo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968320912756","article-title":"Do patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease with freezing of gait respond differently than those without to treadmill training augmented by virtual reality?","volume":"34","author":"Bekkers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2006.05.034","article-title":"Assistive devices for gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Constantinescu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib70","article-title":"Occupational therapy practice guidelines for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"76","author":"Wood","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther Off Publ Am Occup Ther Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2014.008706","article-title":"Systematic review of the effectiveness of occupational therapy-related interventions for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"68","author":"Foster","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther Off Publ Am Occup Ther Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib72","article-title":"Occupational therapy interventions for instrumental activities of daily living for adults with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"75","author":"Foster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther Off Publ Am Occup Ther Assoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13089","article-title":"Efficacy of occupational therapy interventions on quality of life in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Tofani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518815217","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled study of whether setting specific goals improves the effectiveness of therapy in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Cabrera-Martos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4845","article-title":"Goal-orientated cognitive rehabilitation for dementias associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease-A pilot randomised controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Hindle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968315601361","article-title":"Opposite effects of visual cueing during writing-like movements of different amplitudes in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Nackaerts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215517711232","article-title":"A\u00a0long-term self-managed handwriting intervention for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: results from the control group of a phase II randomized controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Collett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2023-332974","article-title":"Exercise as medicine in Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Langeskov-Christensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib79","first-page":"CD013856","article-title":"Physical exercise for people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Ernst","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13579","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and intensive exercise therapy - an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"145","author":"Gamborg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e859","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013218","article-title":"Long-term effect of regular physical activity and exercise habits in patients with early Parkinson disease","volume":"98","author":"Tsukita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0293826","article-title":"Physical exercise and its effects on people with Parkinson\u2019s disease: umbrella review","volume":"18","author":"Padilha","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26291","article-title":"Aerobic exercise alters brain function and structure in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"91","author":"Johansson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.2421","article-title":"Association of levels of physical activity with risk of Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ea1597","article-title":"Physical activities and future risk of Parkinson disease","volume":"75","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.04.004","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and intensive exercise therapy \u2013 a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"353","author":"Uhrbrand","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100503","article-title":"Aerobic exercise for Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"9","author":"Shu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968315613447","article-title":"Effects of exercise on falls, balance, and gait ability in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurorehabilitation Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2016.00035","article-title":"The impact of physical activity on non-motor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Cusso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/08919887241237223","article-title":"Physical exercise for treating the anxiety and depression symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Costa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Geriatr Psychiatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00186","article-title":"Chasing protection in Parkinson\u2019s disease: does exercise reduce risk and progression?","volume":"12","author":"Crotty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adh1403","article-title":"Intensive exercise ameliorates motor and cognitive symptoms in experimental Parkinson\u2019s disease restoring striatal synaptic plasticity","volume":"9","author":"Marino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2022.2094480","article-title":"Aerobic capacity in persons with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Thrue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00641-1","article-title":"Intense exercise increases dopamine transporter and neuromelanin concentrations in the substantia nigra in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"de Laat","year":"2024","journal-title":"NPJ Park Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib95","first-page":"2057","article-title":"Effects of a highly challenging balance training program on motor function and brain structure in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Albrecht","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Park Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1275924","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying physical exercise-induced brain BDNF overproduction","volume":"16","author":"Cefis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16050880","article-title":"Eight weeks of aerobic interval training improves psychomotor function in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease-randomized controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Marusiak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30285-6","article-title":"Effectiveness of home-based and remotely supervised aerobic exercise in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"van der Kolk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000644","article-title":"Phase I\/II randomized trial of aerobic exercise in Parkinson disease in a community setting","volume":"83","author":"Uc","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318771168","article-title":"Association between physical fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e386","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207424","article-title":"Association of physical activity and Parkinson disease in women","volume":"101","author":"Portugal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib102","article-title":"Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on sarcopenia-related parameters in participants with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a 24-week randomized pilot trial substudy","volume":"117","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disorders"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzad158","article-title":"Effect of rhythmically cued exercise interventions on functions in patients with Parkinson disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"104","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000316","article-title":"Predictive factors of fall-related activity avoidance in people with Parkinson disease-A longitudinal study with a 3-year follow-up","volume":"44","author":"Nilsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Phys Ther JNPT"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib105","first-page":"703","article-title":"Motivators and barriers to exercise in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Afshari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Park Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13197","article-title":"Self-reported barriers to exercise and factors impacting participation in exercise in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Prakash","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Neurologic Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733861924001099?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0733861924001099?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T15:00:46Z","timestamp":1750777246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0733861924001099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0733861924001099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-8619"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-8619","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Physiotherapy and Exercise in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurologic Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ncl.2024.12.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}