{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T09:11:16Z","timestamp":1774429876354,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurgery Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,8]],"date-time":"2013-10-08T10:02:09Z","timestamp":1381226529000},"page":"47-58","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Neuromodulation for Movement Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Rob","family":"Dallapiazza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Sean","family":"McKisic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binit","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. Jeff","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3137","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1126\/science.121.3137.217","article-title":"Chemopallidectomy: an investigative technique in geriatric parkinsonians","volume":"121","author":"Cooper","year":"1955","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1955.tb00936.x","article-title":"Chemopallidectomy: a neurosurgical technique useful in geriatric parkinsonians","volume":"3","author":"Cooper","year":"1955","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1956.02330190052003","article-title":"Procaine oil blocking of the globus pallidus","volume":"75","author":"Narabayashi","year":"1956","journal-title":"AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.10.1.61","article-title":"Procaine-oil-wax pallidotomy for double athetosis and spastic states in infantile cerebral palsy: report of 80 cases","volume":"10","author":"Narabayashi","year":"1960","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib5","first-page":"45","article-title":"Tremor reduction by microinjection of lidocaine during stereotactic surgery","volume":"58","author":"Parrent","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien)"},{"issue":"8385","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91487-9","article-title":"Intrathecal baclofen alleviates spinal cord spasticity","volume":"1","author":"Penn","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8447","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90228-4","article-title":"Continuous intrathecal baclofen for severe spasticity","volume":"2","author":"Penn","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9099","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78336-7","article-title":"Injection of GABA-agonist into globus pallidus in patient with Parkinson's disease","volume":"351","author":"Penn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.10.2105","article-title":"Lidocaine and muscimol microinjections in subthalamic nucleus reverse Parkinsonian symptoms","volume":"124","author":"Levy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199908)46:2<249::AID-ANA15>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Tremor arrest with thalamic microinjections of muscimol in patients with essential tremor","volume":"46","author":"Pahapill","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"3489","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1126\/science.134.3489.1520","article-title":"Localized cooling in the brain","volume":"134","author":"Mark","year":"1961","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7062","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(59)90976-6","article-title":"Cooling cannula for use in the treatment of cerebral neoplasms","volume":"1","author":"Rowbotham","year":"1959","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1962.19.10.0853","article-title":"A\u00a0cryogenic method for physiologic inhibition and production of lesions in the brain","volume":"19","author":"Cooper","year":"1962","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-196109000-00013","article-title":"Cryostatic congelation: a system for producing a limited, controlled region of cooling or freezing of biologic tissues","volume":"133","author":"Cooper","year":"1961","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1962.03050330030006","article-title":"Cryogenic surgery of the basal ganglia","volume":"181","author":"Cooper","year":"1962","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1964.21.1.0049","article-title":"Reversible heat lesions with radiofrequency current. a method of stereotactic localization","volume":"21","author":"Brodkey","year":"1964","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(84)90379-1","article-title":"Thermal dose determination in cancer therapy","volume":"10","author":"Sapareto","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib18","first-page":"413","article-title":"Ultrasonically produced localized selective lesions in the central nervous system","volume":"34","author":"Fry","year":"1955","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1954.11.5.0471","article-title":"Production of focal destructive lesions in the central nervous system with ultrasound","volume":"11","author":"Fry","year":"1954","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3289","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1126\/science.127.3289.83","article-title":"Production of reversible changes in the central nervous system by ultrasound","volume":"127","author":"Fry","year":"1958","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4749","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/14\/4749","article-title":"Combined ultrasound and MR imaging to guide focused ultrasound therapies in the brain","volume":"58","author":"Arvanitis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21801","article-title":"High-intensity focused ultrasound for noninvasive functional neurosurgery","volume":"66","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1300962","article-title":"A\u00a0pilot study of focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor","volume":"369","author":"Elias","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.02.058","article-title":"Focused ultrasound modulates region-specific brain activity","volume":"56","author":"Yoo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3511","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003511","article-title":"Remote excitation of neuronal circuits using low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound","volume":"3","author":"Tyler","year":"2008","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"8437","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92413-4","article-title":"Non-invasive magnetic stimulation of human motor cortex","volume":"1","author":"Barker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.08.016","article-title":"Safety, ethical considerations, and application guidelines for the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in clinical practice and research","volume":"120","author":"Rossi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.847","article-title":"Responses to rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex","volume":"117","author":"Pascual-Leone","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(03)00063-4","article-title":"Low-frequency rTMS over lateral premotor cortex induces lasting changes in regional activation and functional coupling of cortical motor areas","volume":"114","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22364","article-title":"Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on Parkinson motor function\u2014systematic review of controlled clinical trials","volume":"24","author":"Elahi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2012.08158.x","article-title":"Effect of intermittent theta-burst stimulation on akinesia and sensorimotor integration in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"36","author":"Degardin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2f66","article-title":"Supplementary motor area stimulation for Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled study","volume":"80","author":"Shirota","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-011-0290-1","article-title":"Is the cerebellum a potential target for stimulation in Parkinson's disease? Results of 1-Hz rTMS on upper limb motor tasks","volume":"10","author":"Minks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968312445636","article-title":"Controlled study of 50-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson disease","volume":"26","author":"Benninger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.07.051","article-title":"Effects of theta burst stimulation on motor cortex excitability in Parkinson's disease","volume":"123","author":"Zamir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22348","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease","volume":"24","author":"Filipovic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000172861.36430.95","article-title":"rTMS of supplementary motor area modulates therapy-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson disease","volume":"65","author":"Koch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181ad5387","article-title":"Cerebellar magnetic stimulation decreases levodopa-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson disease","volume":"73","author":"Koch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000256036.20927.a5","article-title":"Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesias","volume":"68","author":"Wagle-Shukla","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000163985.89444.DD","article-title":"Changes in cortical excitability with thalamic deep brain stimulation","volume":"64","author":"Molnar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.08.033","article-title":"Continuous theta-burst stimulation of the primary motor cortex in essential tremor","volume":"123","author":"Hellriegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.04.009","article-title":"Cerebellar rTMS stimulation may induce prolonged clinical benefits in essential tremor, and subjacent changes in functional connectivity: an open label trial","volume":"6","author":"Popa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib43","first-page":"234","article-title":"Effect of thalamic and pallidal lesions upon involuntary movements in choreoathetosis","volume":"51","author":"Spiegel","year":"1950","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1954.tb00210.x","article-title":"Stereoencephalotomy in the treatment of parkinsonian tremor","volume":"2","author":"Spiegel","year":"1954","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"73 Annual Meet","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib45","first-page":"160","article-title":"Stereoencephalotomy","volume":"73","author":"Spiegel","year":"1948","journal-title":"Trans Am Neurol Assoc"},{"issue":"2754","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1126\/science.106.2754.349","article-title":"Stereotaxic apparatus for operations on the human brain","volume":"106","author":"Spiegel","year":"1947","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(61)90076-1","article-title":"Threshold stimulation of the lateral thalamus and globus pallidus in the waking human","volume":"13","author":"Alberts","year":"1961","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib48","first-page":"365","article-title":"Depth electrographic stimulation and treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease including neurosurgical technique","volume":"13","author":"Sem-Jacobsen","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1159\/000103025","article-title":"Structural-functional organization of the human brain and the pathophysiology of the Parkinsonian type hyperkineses","volume":"34","author":"Bechtereva","year":"1972","journal-title":"Confin Neurol"},{"issue":"1\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib50","first-page":"344","article-title":"Combined (thalamotomy and stimulation) stereotactic surgery of the VIM thalamic nucleus for bilateral Parkinson disease","volume":"50","author":"Benabid","year":"1987","journal-title":"Appl Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"8738","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91175-T","article-title":"Long-term suppression of tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus","volume":"337","author":"Benabid","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2005.103.3.0404","article-title":"Frameless stereotaxy using bone fiducial markers for deep brain stimulation","volume":"103","author":"Holloway","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1 Suppl Operative","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib53","first-page":"95","article-title":"Target and trajectory clinical application accuracy in neuronavigation","volume":"68","author":"Shamir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1 Suppl Operative","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib54","first-page":"114","article-title":"Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging-directed frame-based stereotaxis","volume":"70","author":"Thani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib55","series-title":"Microelectrode recording in movement disorder surgery","first-page":"14","article-title":"Microelectrode techniques: equipment, components, and systems","author":"Slavin","year":"2004"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1989.61.3.478","article-title":"Cytometric analysis of the thalamic ventralis intermedius nucleus in humans","volume":"61","author":"Hirai","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib57","series-title":"The case in favor. Microelectrode recording in movement disorder surgery","first-page":"186","article-title":"Is MER necessary in movement disorder surgery?","author":"Sierens","year":"2004"},{"issue":"89","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib58","first-page":"652","article-title":"Results of thalamotomy for Parkinson's disease","volume":"28","author":"Speakman","year":"1963","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"2\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1159\/000029722","article-title":"Stereotactic ventral intermedial thalamotomy for the treatment of essential tremor: results of a series of 37\u00a0patients","volume":"72","author":"Akbostanci","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2008.01065.x","article-title":"Long-term effect of deep brain stimulation for essential tremor on activities of daily living and health-related quality of life","volume":"118","author":"Hariz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120312","article-title":"Effects of thalamic deep brain stimulation based on tremor type and diagnosis","volume":"12","author":"Hubble","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410420304","article-title":"High-frequency unilateral thalamic stimulation in the treatment of essential and parkinsonian tremor","volume":"42","author":"Koller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870130414","article-title":"Improvements in daily functioning after deep brain stimulation of the thalamus for intractable tremor","volume":"13","author":"Lyons","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.7.1447","article-title":"Bilateral thalamic stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor","volume":"53","author":"Pahwa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23195","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Flora","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.JNS09371","article-title":"Long-term results of thalamic deep brain stimulation for essential tremor","volume":"112","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690701552278","article-title":"Thalamic deep brain stimulation in the treatment of essential tremor: a long-term follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Blomstedt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1159\/000029728","article-title":"Tolerance and tremor rebound following long-term chronic thalamic stimulation for parkinsonian and essential tremor","volume":"72","author":"Hariz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199412000-00016","article-title":"Bilateral chronic electrostimulation of ventroposterolateral pallidum: a new therapeutic approach for alleviating all parkinsonian symptoms","volume":"35","author":"Siegfried","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2005.12.007","article-title":"Pallidotomy versus pallidal stimulation","volume":"12","author":"Blomstedt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib71","first-page":"73","article-title":"Pallidotomy and deep brain stimulation of the pallidum and subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease","volume":"13","author":"Kumar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"12 Suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib72","first-page":"S34","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus pars interna in advanced Parkinson's disease","volume":"55","author":"Kumar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib73","first-page":"611","article-title":"The neurophysiologic basis of abnormal movements in basal ganglia disorders","volume":"5","author":"DeLong","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(90)90110-V","article-title":"Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin","volume":"13","author":"DeLong","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib75","first-page":"226","article-title":"Subthalamic lesion in the primate","volume":"6","author":"Whittier","year":"1947","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900900304","article-title":"Studies on the subthalamus of the rhesus monkey; hyperkinesia and other physiologic effects of subthalamic lesions; with special reference to the subthalamic nucleus of Luys","volume":"90","author":"Whittier","year":"1949","journal-title":"J\u00a0Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg111","article-title":"Unilateral subthalamotomy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease","volume":"126","author":"Patel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.08.030","article-title":"What can man do without basal ganglia motor output? The effect of combined unilateral subthalamotomy and pallidotomy in a patient with Parkinson's disease","volume":"220","author":"Obeso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh397","article-title":"Bilateral subthalamotomy in Parkinson's disease: initial and long-term response","volume":"128","author":"Alvarez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000098600","article-title":"Acute and long-term effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease","volume":"62","author":"Benabid","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.027557","article-title":"Subthalamic nucleus stimulation in advanced Parkinson's disease: blinded assessments at one year follow up","volume":"75","author":"Ford","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10518","article-title":"Two-year follow-up of subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease","volume":"18","author":"Herzog","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810153391603","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease","volume":"339","author":"Limousin","year":"1998","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.1.0071","article-title":"Bilateral subthalamic stimulation in patients with Parkinson disease: long-term follow up","volume":"99","author":"Pahwa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"12 Suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib85","first-page":"S45","article-title":"Bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease","volume":"55","author":"Rodriguez-Oroz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Pt 10","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh571","article-title":"Bilateral deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a multicentre study with 4 years follow-up","volume":"128","author":"Rodriguez-Oroz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.850","article-title":"Double-blind evaluation of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in advanced Parkinson's disease","volume":"51","author":"Kumar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060281","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial of deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease","volume":"355","author":"Deuschl","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.929","article-title":"Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"301","author":"Weaver","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.182","article-title":"Ten-year outcome of subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson disease: a blinded evaluation","volume":"68","author":"Castrioto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib91","first-page":"225","article-title":"Bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in advanced Parkinson's disease: five year follow-up","volume":"256","author":"Gervais-Bernard","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035275","article-title":"Five-year follow-up of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in advanced Parkinson's disease","volume":"349","author":"Krack","year":"2003","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22735","article-title":"Long-term results of a multicenter study on subthalamic and pallidal stimulation in Parkinson's disease","volume":"25","author":"Moro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21300","article-title":"Effects of unilateral subthalamic and pallidal deep brain stimulation on fine motor functions in Parkinson's disease","volume":"22","author":"Nakamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31825dcdc1","article-title":"Randomized trial of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: thirty-six-month outcomes","volume":"79","author":"Weaver","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-980X(97)00036-2","article-title":"Safety of different inter-train intervals for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and recommendations for safe ranges of stimulation parameters","volume":"105","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-980X(96)96004-X","article-title":"Use and safety of a new repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulator","volume":"101","author":"Wassermann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgery Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042368013000788?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042368013000788?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,30]],"date-time":"2019-07-30T05:43:42Z","timestamp":1564465422000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1042368013000788"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1042368013000788"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nec.2013.08.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-3680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-3680","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}}}