{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T22:57:50Z","timestamp":1782169070304,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurosurgery Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]],"date-time":"2017-11-23T14:00:38Z","timestamp":1511445638000},"page":"47-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Pathophysiology of Calcification and Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum in the Cervical Spine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junya","family":"Hanakita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Minami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E675","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000913","article-title":"Degenerative cervical myelopathy: epidemiology, genetics, and pathogenesis","volume":"40","author":"Nouri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-56-5-711","article-title":"The significance of calcium phosphate crystals in the synovial fluid of arthritic patients: the \u201cpseudogout syndrome\u201d. I. Clinical aspects","volume":"56","author":"McCarty","year":"1962","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib3","first-page":"69","article-title":"A\u00a0case of calcification of the cervical ligamentum flavum","volume":"24","author":"Haraguchi","year":"1996","journal-title":"No Shinkei Geka"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199412000-00005","article-title":"Light and electron microscopy of hydroxyapatite depositions in the ligamentum flavum","volume":"19","author":"Hijioka","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib5","first-page":"1179","article-title":"A\u00a0case with myelopathy caused by calcified nodules of cervical ligamentum flavum","volume":"16","author":"Koyama","year":"1988","journal-title":"No Sinkei Geka"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib6","first-page":"69","article-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposits in the cervical ligamenta flava causing myeloradiculopathy","volume":"60","author":"Nagashima","year":"1984","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050165","article-title":"Myelopathy due to calcification of the cervical ligamenta flava: a report of two cases in West Indian patients","volume":"8","author":"Pascal-Moussellard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib8","first-page":"125","article-title":"Calcification of ligamentum flavum","volume":"20","author":"Yamanuro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib9","first-page":"613","article-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease in the cervical ligamentum flavum","volume":"68","author":"Kawano","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib10","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Radiological study on calcification of the yellow ligament of the cervical spine","volume":"25","author":"Watababe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rinsho Seikei Geka (Clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib11","first-page":"205","article-title":"A\u00a0case of cervical radiculo-myelopathy due to calcification of the ligamentum flavum","volume":"4","author":"Nanko","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neurol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199311000-00005","article-title":"Calcium crystal deposition in the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine","volume":"18","author":"Baba","year":"1993","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib13","first-page":"531","article-title":"Calcification of the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine. Report of four cases","volume":"59","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib14","first-page":"821","article-title":"Two cases of calcification of cervical ligamentum flavum. The figure of early stage on CT scan","volume":"30","author":"Iwasaki","year":"1985","journal-title":"Rinsho Hoshasen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2007.01.029","article-title":"Thoracic myelopathy caused by calcified ligamentum flavum","volume":"74","author":"Giulioni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1093\/neurosurgery\/46.1.222","article-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease causing thoracic cord compression: case report","volume":"46","author":"Muthukumar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2005.2.1.0075","article-title":"Foraminal deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the thoracic spine: possible relationship with disc herniation and implications for surgical planning. Report of two cases","volume":"2","author":"Paolini","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-319X(00)00246-3","article-title":"Six cases of cervical ligamentum flavum calcification in blacks in the French West Indies","volume":"68","author":"Cabre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E687","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000186472.88141.38","article-title":"Acute quadriparesis caused by calcification of the entire cervical ligamentum flavum in a white female\u2013report of an unusual case and a brief review of the literature: case report","volume":"30","author":"Khan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-3633-z","article-title":"Extensive calcification of the ligamentum flavum causing cervical myelopathy in a Caucasian woman","volume":"5","author":"Roet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200103000-00047","article-title":"Cord compression secondary to cervical disc herniation associated with calcification of the ligamentum flavum: case report","volume":"48","author":"Ugarriza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib22","first-page":"421","article-title":"Cervical myelopathy due to the calcification of the yellow ligament","volume":"4","author":"Takahashi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Spine and Spinal Cord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib23","first-page":"430","article-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystal deposition in the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine: histopathological and immunohistochemical findings","volume":"27","author":"Mwaka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199412000-00009","article-title":"Cervical radiculomyelopathy due to deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the ligamentum flavum: historical and histological evaluation of attendant inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Imai","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-0928-1","article-title":"Acute neck pain caused by pseudogout attack of calcified cervical yellow ligament: a case report","volume":"10","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib26","first-page":"629","article-title":"Myelopathy due to ossification or calcification of the ligamentum flavum: radiologic and histologic evaluations","volume":"4","author":"Miyasaka","year":"1983","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199610150-00014","article-title":"Cervical myelopathy caused by calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in facet joints. A case report","volume":"21","author":"Omura","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199001000-00006","article-title":"Computed tomographic (CT) demonstration of calcification of the ligamenta flava of the lumbosacral spine associated with protrusion of the intervertebral disc","volume":"15","author":"Avrahami","year":"1990","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.40.234","article-title":"Calcification of the cervical ligamentum flavum\u2013case report","volume":"40","author":"Yamagami","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (tokyo)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199602150-00019","article-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease as a cause of lumbar canal stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Markiewitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000132510.25378.8C","article-title":"The pathology of ligamentum flavum in degenerative lumbar disease","volume":"29","author":"Okuda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib32","first-page":"637","article-title":"Pathogenesis of calcium crystal deposition in the ligamentum flavum correlates with lumbar spinal canal stenosis","volume":"23","author":"Yayama","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198705000-00002","article-title":"Ultrastructural study of calcification process in the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine","volume":"12","author":"Kubota","year":"1987","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib34","first-page":"1543","article-title":"Treatment of calcification of the cervical ligamentum flavum with EHDP","volume":"10","author":"Takehana","year":"1989","journal-title":"Seikei Geka (Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31815a6151","article-title":"Endoscopic surgery for cervical myelopathy due to calcification of the ligamentum flavum","volume":"21","author":"Yabuki","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib36","first-page":"292","article-title":"\u00dcber interarkuelle Wirbelverkalkung","volume":"40","author":"Polg\u00e1r","year":"1929","journal-title":"Fortschr Geb R\u00f6ntogenstr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199902000-00003","article-title":"Pathology of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum","volume":"359","author":"Ono","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib38","first-page":"411","article-title":"Anatomical study of ossification and calcification of the yellow ligament of spine with reference to the distribution of the yellow ligament","volume":"23","author":"Tanaka","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rinsho Seikei Geka (clin Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S416","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-012-2521-7","article-title":"Multiple-level ossification of the ligamentum flavum in the cervical spine combined with calcification of the cervical ligamentum flavum and posterior atlanto-axial membrane","volume":"22","author":"Inoue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI-07\/08\/184","article-title":"Thoracic ossification of the human ligamentum flavum: histopathological and immunohistochemical findings around the ossified lesion","volume":"7","author":"Yayama","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib41","first-page":"1179","article-title":"Roentgenographic analysis of ossification of the spinal ligament; with special reference to the findings of the whole spine","volume":"31","author":"Hasue","year":"1980","journal-title":"(Jpn) Seikei Geka (Orthop Surg)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b3f779","article-title":"Prevalence, distribution, and morphology of ossification of the ligamentum flavum: a population study of one thousand seven hundred thirty-six magnetic resonance imaging scans","volume":"35","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001643","article-title":"Prevalence, concomitance, and distribution of ossification of the spinal ligaments: results of whole spine CT scans in 1500 Japanese patients","volume":"41","author":"Fujimori","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-200002000-00004","article-title":"Ossification of the ligamentum flavum as a cause of myelopathy in North America: report of three cases","volume":"13","author":"Kruse","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib45","first-page":"139","article-title":"Ossification of the ligamentum flavum of the cervical spine","volume":"51","author":"Miyazawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(91)90077-M","article-title":"Ossification of the cervical ligamentum flavum","volume":"35","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.038","article-title":"Cervical myelopathy resulting from combined ossification of the ligamentum flavum and posterior longitudinal ligament: report of two cases and literature review","volume":"13","author":"Kotani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine J"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgery Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042368017301122?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042368017301122?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,10]],"date-time":"2019-02-10T11:08:01Z","timestamp":1549796881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1042368017301122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1042368017301122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-3680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-3680","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pathophysiology of Calcification and Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum in the Cervical Spine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurosurgery Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nec.2017.09.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}