{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T19:08:49Z","timestamp":1779044929448,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurosurgery Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,11]],"date-time":"2022-09-11T06:31:47Z","timestamp":1662877907000},"page":"449-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cavernous Malformations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Philipp","family":"Dammann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro N.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue-Yan","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Sure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00303-8","article-title":"Clinical course of untreated cerebral cavernous malformations: a meta-analysis of individual patient data","volume":"15","author":"Horne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002701","article-title":"Natural history of cavernous malformation: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 studies","volume":"86","author":"Taslimi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.03.080","article-title":"Solitary Sporadic Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: Risk Factors of First or Recurrent Symptomatic Hemorrhage and Associated Functional Impairment","volume":"91","author":"Dammann","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20947","article-title":"Genotype-phenotype correlations in cerebral cavernous malformations patients","volume":"60","author":"Denier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14833","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformations: Prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities and allergic diseases compared to the normal population","volume":"28","author":"Dammann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009730","article-title":"Hemorrhage from cerebral cavernous malformations: The role of associated developmental venous anomalies","volume":"95","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib7","first-page":"570","article-title":"Correlation of the venous angioarchitecture of multiple cerebral cavernous malformations with familial or sporadic disease: a susceptibility-weighted imaging study with 7-Tesla MRI","volume":"126","author":"Dammann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035338","article-title":"Natural course of cerebral cavernous malformations in children: a five-year follow-up study","volume":"53","author":"Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70004-2","article-title":"Untreated clinical course of cerebral cavernous malformations: a prospective, population-based cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Al-Shahi Salman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30231-5","article-title":"Long-term antithrombotic therapy and risk of intracranial haemorrhage from cerebral cavernous malformations: a population-based cohort study, systematic review, and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Zuurbier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104629","article-title":"The Influence of Physical Activity on Cavernous Malformation Hemorrhage","volume":"29","author":"Joseph","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031761","article-title":"Influence of Pregnancy on Hemorrhage Risk in Women With Cerebral and Spinal Cavernous Malformations","volume":"52","author":"Joseph","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.09.161","article-title":"Predictors of Initial Presentation with Hemorrhage in Patients with Cavernous Malformations","volume":"133","author":"Flemming","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.01.007","article-title":"Seasonal variation in hemorrhage and focal neurologic deficit due to intracerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"22","author":"Flemming","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.031569","article-title":"Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Sporadic Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: Obesity Matters","volume":"52","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.515544","article-title":"Hemorrhage from cavernous malformations of the brain: definition and reporting standards. Angioma Alliance Scientific Advisory Board","volume":"39","author":"Al-Shahi Salman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000684","article-title":"Outcome after surgical or conservative management of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"83","author":"Moultrie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307349","article-title":"Treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis","volume":"85","author":"Poorthuis","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-013-1621-4","article-title":"Comparative studies of the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations in adults: systematic review","volume":"155","author":"Poorthuis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-021-01591-5","article-title":"Surgery for cerebral cavernous malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Harris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx091","article-title":"Synopsis of Guidelines for the Clinical Management of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: Consensus Recommendations Based on Systematic Literature Review by the Angioma Alliance Scientific Advisory Board Clinical Experts Panel","volume":"80","author":"Akers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12402","article-title":"Cavernoma-related epilepsy: review and recommendations for management--report of the Surgical Task Force of the ILAE Commission on Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"54","author":"Rosenow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000602","article-title":"Brainstem cavernous malformations: surgical results in 104 patients and a proposed grading system to predict neurological outcomes","volume":"76","author":"Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx025","article-title":"Of Bubbles and Layers: Which Cerebral Cavernous Malformations are Most Difficult to Dissect From Surrounding Eloquent Brain Tissue?","volume":"81","author":"Dammann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assessment and validation of proposed classification tools for brainstem cavernous malformations","author":"Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib26","first-page":"1","article-title":"External validation of the Lawton brainstem cavernous malformation grading system in a cohort of 277 microsurgical patients","author":"Catapano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opz337","article-title":"Surgery for Brainstem Cavernous Malformations: Association between Preoperative Grade and Postoperative Quality of Life","volume":"18","author":"Lashkarivand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"A\u00a0taxonomy for brainstem cavernous malformations: subtypes of midbrain lesions","author":"Catapano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opz026","article-title":"Microsurgical management of midbrain cavernous malformations: predictors of outcome and lesion classification in 72 patients","volume":"17","author":"Tsuji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surgical treatment of brainstem cavernous malformations: an international Delphi consensus","author":"Dammann","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-021-01679-y","article-title":"The BSCM score: a guideline for surgical decision-making for brainstem cavernous malformations","volume":"45","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib32","first-page":"239","article-title":"An international call for a new grading system for cerebral and cerebellar cavernomas","volume":"65","author":"Fontanella","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.03.022","article-title":"Surgical resection of cavernous angioma located within eloquent brain areas: International survey of the practical management among 19 specialized centers","volume":"69","author":"Zanello","year":"2019","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.026120","article-title":"Outcomes of Surgery for Brainstem Cavernous Malformations: A Systematic Review","volume":"50","author":"Kearns","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.09.020","article-title":"The benefit and outcome prediction of acute surgery for hemorrhagic brainstem cavernous malformation with impending respiratory failure","volume":"93","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-019-01230-0","article-title":"Surgical managements and patient outcomes after severe hemorrhagic events from brainstem cavernous malformations","volume":"44","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib37","first-page":"671","article-title":"Recurrent brainstem cavernous malformations following primary resection: blind spots, fine lines, and the right-angle method","volume":"135","author":"Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2639","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-020-01436-7","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformation remnants after surgery: a single-center series with long-term bleeding risk analysis","volume":"44","author":"Fontanella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-021-04915-y","article-title":"Microsurgical management of midbrain cavernous malformations: does lesion depth influence the outcome?","volume":"163","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.07.229","article-title":"Surgical Management and Functional Outcomes of Cavernous Malformations Involving the Medulla Oblongata","volume":"119","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15179","article-title":"The occurrence of neuropathic pain following surgery of brainstem cavernous malformations","volume":"29","author":"Herten","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib42","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multimodal outcome assessment after surgery for brainstem cavernous malformations","author":"Dammann","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.12.105","article-title":"Risk Factors for Unfavorable Outcomes in Surgically Treated Brainstem Cavernous Malformations","volume":"111","author":"Nathal","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00039-9","article-title":"Top ten research priorities for brain and spine cavernous malformations","volume":"15","author":"Al-Shahi Salman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Natural course of untreated spinal cord cavernous malformations: a follow-up study within the initial 5 years after diagnosis","author":"Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-319553","article-title":"Clinical presentation, natural history and outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations","volume":"90","author":"Goyal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.3171\/2021.2.SPINE201664","article-title":"Treatment strategies and prognostic factors for spinal cavernous malformation: a single-center retrospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.05.034","article-title":"Long-term surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of adult symptomatic spinal cord cavernous malformations","volume":"90","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.06.134","article-title":"Surgical Outcomes of Spinal Cord Intramedullary Cavernous Malformation: A Retrospective Study of 83 Patients in a Single Center over a 12-Year Period","volume":"118","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.1.SPINE18854","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for cavernous hemangiomas of the spinal cord: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Nagoshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.12.SPINE181263","article-title":"Surgical approaches and long-term outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord cavernous malformations: a single-center consecutive series of 219 patients","volume":"31","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz381","article-title":"Characteristics and Long-Term Outcome of 20 Children With Intramedullary Spinal Cord Cavernous Malformations","volume":"86","author":"Ren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182190f37","article-title":"Seizure risk from cavernous or arteriovenous malformations: prospective population-based study","volume":"76","author":"Josephson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.11.067","article-title":"Surgical Management and Long-Term Seizure Outcome After Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Associated with Cerebral Cavernous Malformations","volume":"110","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.1.FOCUS19920","article-title":"Cavernoma-related epilepsy in cavernous malformations located within the temporal lobe: surgical management and seizure outcome","volume":"48","author":"Schuss","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.08.095","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Surgical Treatment in 181 Patients with Supratentorial Cerebral Cavernous Malformation-Associated Epilepsy","volume":"108","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1645871","article-title":"Surgical Treatment and Long-Term Outcome of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations-Related Epilepsy in Pediatric Patients","volume":"49","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib58","article-title":"Readmissions in patients with Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CCMs): a National Readmission Database (NRD) study","author":"Padarti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-021-01572-8","article-title":"Long-term outcome and quality of life after CNS cavernoma resection: eloquent vs. non-eloquent areas","volume":"45","author":"Shoubash","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106180","article-title":"Trans-sulcal versus trans-parenchymal approach in supratentorial cavernomas. A multicentric experience","volume":"197","author":"La Rocca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib61","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cavernous malformations of the hypothalamus: a single-institution series of 12 cases and review of the literature","author":"Khahera","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx025","article-title":"Transsylvian, Transanterior Sulcus Approach to Basal Ganglia Cavernous Malformations","volume":"13","author":"Kalani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.11.052","article-title":"Contralateral Supracerebellar-Transtentorial Approach for Posterior Mediobasal Temporal Cavernous Malformation Resection","volume":"158","author":"Frisoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opaa373","article-title":"Supracerebellar Infratentorial Infratrochlear Trans-Quadrangular Lobule Approach to Pontine Cavernous Malformations","volume":"20","author":"Rutledge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04418-2","article-title":"Medial-tonsillar telovelar approach for resection of a superior medullary velum cerebral cavernous malformation: anatomical and tractography study of the surgical approach and functional implications","volume":"163","author":"Brogna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opz294","article-title":"Cavernous Malformations in and Around the Third Ventricle: Indications, Approaches, and Outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Woodall","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001239","article-title":"Cavernomas and Arteriovenous Malformations in the Mesial Temporal Region: Microsurgical Anatomy and Approaches","volume":"13","author":"Campero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib68","first-page":"1","article-title":"Optimal access route for pontine cavernous malformation resection with preservation of abducens and facial nerve function","author":"Bertalanffy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib69","first-page":"265","article-title":"Intraoperative facial motor evoked potential monitoring for pontine cavernous malformation resection","volume":"132","author":"Hardian","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib70","first-page":"1","article-title":"Direct brainstem somatosensory evoked potentials for cavernous malformations","author":"Le","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.09.064","article-title":"Predictive value of intraoperative neuromonitoring in brainstem cavernous malformation surgery","volume":"156","author":"Rauschenbach","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib72","first-page":"286","article-title":"Surgical outcome of motor deficits and neurological status in brainstem cavernous malformations based on preoperative diffusion tensor imaging: a prospective randomized clinical trial","volume":"130","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opab318","article-title":"Impacting the Treatment of Highly Eloquent Supratentorial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations by Noninvasive Functional Mapping-An Observational Cohort Study","volume":"21","author":"Ille","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.03.135","article-title":"Reliable? The Value of Early Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging after Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Surgery","volume":"103","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab241","article-title":"Feasibility and morbidity of magnetic resonance imaging-guided stereotactic laser ablation of deep cerebral cavernous malformations: a report of 4 cases","volume":"89","author":"Malcolm","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E211","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab287","article-title":"Commentary: feasibility and morbidity of magnetic resonance imaging-guided stereotactic laser ablation of deep cerebral cavernous malformations: a report of 4 cases","volume":"89","author":"Traylor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E209","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab262","article-title":"Commentary: feasibility and morbidity of magnetic resonance imaging-guided stereotactic laser ablation of deep cerebral cavernous malformations: a report of 4 cases","volume":"89","author":"Robert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E207","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab247","article-title":"Commentary: feasibility and morbidity of magnetic resonance imaging-guided stereotactic laser ablation of deep cerebral cavernous malformations: a report of 4 cases","volume":"89","author":"Awad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678413","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.678413","article-title":"Endoscopic Surgery for Supratentorial Deep Cavernous Malformation Adjacent to Cortical Spinal Tract: Preliminary Experience and Technical Note","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opx231","article-title":"Brain Stem Cavernous Malformations: Operative Nuances of a Less-Invasive Resection Technique","volume":"15","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1159\/000516909","article-title":"Mortality in Patients with Brainstem Cavernous Malformations","volume":"50","author":"Velz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493019851290","article-title":"Radiosurgical, neurosurgical, or no intervention for cerebral cavernous malformations: A decision analysis","volume":"14","author":"Rinkel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.05.094","article-title":"Outcome in Patients with Spinal Cavernomas Presenting with Symptoms Due to Mass Effect and\/or Hemorrhage: Conservative versus Surgical Management: Meta-analysis of Direct Comparison of Approach-Related Complications","volume":"152","author":"Fotakopoulos","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.08.208","article-title":"Is Extended Lesionectomy Needed for Patients with Cerebral Cavernous Malformations Presenting with Epilepsy? A Meta-Analysis","volume":"120","author":"Shang-Guan","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modgep.2005.11.001","article-title":"Patterns of expression of the three cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) genes during embryonic and postnatal brain development","volume":"6","author":"Petit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gene Expr Patterns"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000198835.49387.25","article-title":"CCM2 expression parallels that of CCM1","volume":"37","author":"Seker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn420","article-title":"A\u00a0two-hit mechanism causes cerebral cavernous malformations: complete inactivation of CCM1, CCM2 or CCM3 in affected endothelial cells","volume":"18","author":"Pagenstecher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn430","article-title":"Biallelic somatic and germline mutations in cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs): evidence for a two-hit mechanism of CCM pathogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Akers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200263","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.200263","article-title":"Signalling through cerebral cavernous malformation protein networks","volume":"10","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200705175","article-title":"KRIT-1\/CCM1 is a Rap1 effector that regulates endothelial cell cell junctions","volume":"179","author":"Glading","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cell Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2006.21.1.3","article-title":"Molecular genetics of familial cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"21","author":"Dashti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1918","article-title":"Regulation of cardiovascular development and integrity by the heart of glass-cerebral cavernous malformation protein pathway","volume":"15","author":"Kleaveland","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1911","article-title":"The cerebral cavernous malformation signaling pathway promotes vascular integrity via Rho GTPases","volume":"15","author":"Whitehead","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.001263","article-title":"Tissue-specific conditional CCM2 knockout mice establish the essential role of endothelial CCM2 in angiogenesis: implications for human cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"2","author":"Boulday","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1071","article-title":"Rac-MEKK3-MKK3 scaffolding for p38 MAPK activation during hyperosmotic shock","volume":"5","author":"Uhlik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7937","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8937","article-title":"Structure and vascular function of MEKK3-cerebral cavernous malformations 2 complex","volume":"6","author":"Fisher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1086\/426952","article-title":"Mutations within the programmed cell death 10 gene cause cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"76","author":"Bergametti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.03.003","article-title":"Blocking Signalopathic Events to Treat Cerebral Cavernous Malformations","volume":"26","author":"Abdelilah-Seyfried","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"issue":"6626","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/386671a0","article-title":"Mechanisms of angiogenesis","volume":"386","author":"Risau","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20996","article-title":"Functional analyses of human and zebrafish 18-amino acid in-frame deletion pave the way for domain mapping of the cerebral cavernous malformation 3 protein","volume":"30","author":"Voss","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01036","article-title":"Ccm1 is required for arterial morphogenesis: implications for the etiology of human cavernous malformations","volume":"131","author":"Whitehead","year":"2004","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622547","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.622547","article-title":"Inactivation of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Genes Results in Accumulation of von Willebrand Factor and Redistribution of Weibel-Palade Bodies in Endothelial Cells","volume":"8","author":"Much","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.5.FOCUS1090","article-title":"Differential angiogenesis function of CCM2 and CCM3 in cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"29","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13105","article-title":"EphB4 forward signalling mediates angiogenesis caused by CCM3\/PDCD10-ablation","volume":"21","author":"You","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12022","article-title":"Loss of CCM3 impairs DLL4-Notch signalling: implication in endothelial angiogenesis and in inherited cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"17","author":"You","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib106","first-page":"530","article-title":"Phosphatase and tensin homolog in cerebral cavernous malformation: a potential role in pathological angiogenesis","volume":"110","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1159\/000350042","article-title":"CCM3 Mutations Are Associated with Early-Onset Cerebral Hemorrhage and Multiple Meningiomas","volume":"4","author":"Riant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Syndromol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2014.97","article-title":"Exceptional aggressiveness of cerebral cavernous malformation disease associated with PDCD10 mutations","volume":"17","author":"Shenkar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2020.12.008","article-title":"The multifaceted gene","volume":"8","author":"Valentino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8421","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1501352112","article-title":"Sulindac metabolites decrease cerebrovascular malformations in CCM3-knockout mice","volume":"112","author":"Bravi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"116","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra26","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2000722","article-title":"Stabilization of VEGFR2 signaling by cerebral cavernous malformation 3 is critical for vascular development","volume":"3","author":"He","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11760","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C109.097220","article-title":"Rho kinase inhibition rescues the endothelial cell cerebral cavernous malformation phenotype","volume":"285","author":"Borikova","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"issue":"7455","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12207","article-title":"EndMT contributes to the onset and progression of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"498","author":"Maddaluno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201505316","article-title":"Defective autophagy is a key feature of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"7","author":"Marchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4169","article-title":"Endothelial exocytosis of angiopoietin-2 resulting from CCM3 deficiency contributes to cerebral cavernous malformation","volume":"22","author":"Jenny Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7597","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17178","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformations arise from endothelial gain of MEKK3-KLF2\/4 signalling","volume":"532","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2014.12.016","article-title":"Regulation of beta1 integrin-Klf2-mediated angiogenesis by CCM proteins","volume":"32","author":"Renz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318174","article-title":"Cerebral Cavernous Malformation: From Mechanism to Therapy","volume":"129","author":"Snellings","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaau0731","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau0731","article-title":"Ponatinib (AP24534) inhibits MEKK3-KLF signaling and prevents formation and progression of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"4","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0209-137","article-title":"Torturing a blood vessel","volume":"15","author":"Patterson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.526376","article-title":"Involvement of PTEN promoter methylation in cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"40","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63409-8","article-title":"Loss of p53 sensitizes mice with a mutation in Ccm1 (KRIT1) to development of cerebral vascular malformations","volume":"165","author":"Plummer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-005-0098-8","article-title":"Neuronal expression of the Ccm2 gene in a new mouse model of cerebral cavernous malformations","volume":"17","author":"Plummer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mamm Genome"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000348049.81121.C1","article-title":"Cerebral cavernous malformations: somatic mutations in vascular endothelial cells","volume":"65","author":"Gault","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgery Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042368022000316?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042368022000316?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T20:03:55Z","timestamp":1760904235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1042368022000316"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":124,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1042368022000316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-3680"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-3680","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cavernous Malformations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurosurgery Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nec.2022.05.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}