{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:05:51Z","timestamp":1790683551508,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004374","name":"Chongqing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JY20240202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JY20240202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nurse Education Today"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T14:54:58Z","timestamp":1788188098000},"page":"107388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Research competence and its multidimensional correlates among nursing undergraduates: A network analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Guosong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingzhuo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingzhao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honggui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-020-00522-x","article-title":"Evidence-based practice beliefs and implementations: a cross-sectional study among undergraduate nursing students","volume":"20","author":"Abu-Baker","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s43088-023-00357-w","article-title":"Influential nodes identification in complex networks: a comprehensive literature review","volume":"12","author":"Ait Rai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Beni Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0015","article-title":"Utilizing competency-based education to evaluate the research skills of nursing students: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Alkhaledi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-03198-3","article-title":"Factors influencing undergraduate and newly graduated nursing students\u2019 competence and attitudes toward nursing research: a structural equation modeling analysis","volume":"24","author":"Almarwani","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0025","author":"American Association of Colleges of Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2024.104104","article-title":"Degrees of care: the essential role of university education in nursing","volume":"80","author":"Atkinson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-021-00055-w","article-title":"Network analysis of multivariate data in psychological science","volume":"1","author":"Borsboom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0040","author":"Changsha Ranxing Information Technology Co., L"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15201","article-title":"Relationship between critical thinking disposition and research competence among clinical nurses: a cross-sectional study","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0050","article-title":"Assessing emergency department nurses\u2019 ability to communicate with angry patients and the factors that influence it","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0055","first-page":"68","article-title":"Development and reliability and validity testing of the attitudes towards research scale for nursing undergraduates","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2010.02.002","article-title":"Development and preliminary testing of a self-rating instrument to measure self-directed learning ability of nursing students","volume":"47","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0065","series-title":"Sample Size Recommendations for Estimating Cross-sectional Network Models [Master\u2019s thesis, Tilburg University]. Tilburg, the Netherlands","author":"Constantin","year":"2018"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2023.102054","article-title":"Next generation nurse scientists: a systems approach to engaging undergraduate students in research","volume":"71","author":"Corbett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurs. Outlook"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/job.1962","article-title":"Best practice recommendations for data screening","volume":"36","author":"DeSimone","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Organ. Behav."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1177\/17449871211020061","article-title":"Development of the scientific research competency scale for nurses","volume":"26","author":"Duru","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Res. Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-02104-6","article-title":"Perception, attitude, practice and barriers towards medical research among undergraduate students","volume":"20","author":"El Achi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med. Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-017-0862-1","article-title":"Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: a tutorial paper","volume":"50","author":"Epskamp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0095","article-title":"Undergraduate nursing students\u2019 experiences of conducting clinical research projects in their bachelor theses - a qualitative study","volume":"8","author":"Gronning","year":"2022","journal-title":"SAGE Open Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0100","article-title":"Educational interventions for improving health-related literature searching skills of health professionals and students","volume":"1","author":"Hirt","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0105","author":"Hollis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0110","first-page":"383","article-title":"Chinese critical thinking: structure and measurement","volume":"58","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Pekin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2017.09.020","article-title":"The importance of academic literacy for undergraduate nursing students and its relationship to future professional clinical practice: a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Jefferies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21050637","article-title":"Effectiveness of an evidence-based practice education program for undergraduate nursing students: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Jeong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2019.1614898","article-title":"Bridge centrality: a network approach to understanding comorbidity","volume":"56","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"Multivar. Behav. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.70110","article-title":"Research capability and influencing factors among clinical nurses: a multicentre cross-sectional study","volume":"35","author":"Lei","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Clin. Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-022-00855-9","article-title":"Factors associated with information literacy of nursing undergraduates in China","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5914","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.16735","article-title":"Category characteristics and influencing factors of research competence among Chinese specialty nurses: a latent profile analysis","volume":"81","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1187\/cbe.07-06-0039","article-title":"Undergraduate research experiences support science career decisions and active learning","volume":"6","author":"Lopatto","year":"2007","journal-title":"CBE\u2014Life Sci. Educ."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0150","first-page":"113","article-title":"Analysis on status and influencing factors of nursing undergraduates' scientific research ability","volume":"43","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Vocat. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2024.104721","article-title":"Nursing research: on the brink of a slippery slope","volume":"153","author":"McKenna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12269","article-title":"The first U.S. study on nurses\u2019 evidence-based practice competencies indicates major deficits that threaten healthcare quality, safety, and patient outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Melnyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Worldviews Evid.-Based Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0165","series-title":"National Standard for Teaching Quality of Undergraduate Majors in Regular Higher Education Institutions","author":"Ministry of Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0170","series-title":"The Future of Nursing 2020\u20132030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity","author":"National Academy of Medicine","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0175","series-title":"2024 China Health Statistics Yearbook","author":"National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0180","series-title":"Research on the Influence of Information Literacy on Scientific Research Innovation Ability of Nursing Undergraduates [Master's thesis, Huazhong University of Science and Technology]","author":"Niu","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5A","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0185","first-page":"1205","article-title":"Revision of the self-rating scale of nursing research ability","volume":"25","author":"Pan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin. Nurs. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-02763-0","article-title":"The moderating effect of psychological capital on the relationship between nurses' perceived workplace bullying and emotional exhaustion: a cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0195","series-title":"Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice","author":"Polit","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.profnurs.2005.10.002","article-title":"Critical thinking and evidence-based practice","volume":"21","author":"Profetto-McGrath","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Prof. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2020.104585","article-title":"Supporting the development of information literacy skills and knowledge in undergraduate nursing students: an integrative review","volume":"95","author":"Purnell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2019.05.039","article-title":"Development and psychometric testing of the Research Competency Scale for Nursing Students: an instrument design study","volume":"79","author":"Qiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2020.104522","article-title":"Pre-licensure nursing students\u2019 attitudes toward clinical research, education research, and pedagogical research participation in the United States","volume":"93","author":"Ross","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_208_24","article-title":"Effect of early clinical exposure on communication, history-taking, and nursing diagnosis skills: a brief report","volume":"14","author":"Sarabi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Educ. Health Promot."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0225","first-page":"493","article-title":"Establishing the benefits of research experiences for undergraduates in the sciences: first findings from a three-year study","volume":"88","author":"Seymour","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci. Educ."},{"issue":"108","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0230","article-title":"The validity and reliability of the self-directed learning instrument (SDLI) in mainland Chinese nursing students","volume":"14","author":"Shen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med. Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-03927-8","article-title":"Enhancing undergraduate nursing informatics literacy through design-based learning: a mixed-methods participatory action research study","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14564","article-title":"The state of nursing research from 2000 to 2019: a global analysis","volume":"77","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-024-02054-4","article-title":"Learning to learn independently: guiding students to develop self-directed learning skills during medical student independent research projects-findings from an Australian university","volume":"34","author":"Uebel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0250","article-title":"Challenges to nursing leadership in research and academia in the UK: a systematic narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Vamadevan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud. Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05564-6","article-title":"Influential nodes identification using network local structural properties","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2025.104532","article-title":"The relationship between nursing students\u2019 psychological capital and occupational stigma in the Chinese context: a potential profiling analysis","volume":"88","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0265","series-title":"Renewing the Definitions of \u2018nursing\u2019 and \u2018a Nurse\u2019: Final Project Report","author":"White","year":"2025"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0270","first-page":"84","article-title":"Practice of \u201cgraduate-undergraduate mutual aid\u201d learning workshop in cultivating nursing students\u2019 innovative ability","volume":"39","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2024.106260","article-title":"Evaluating the effects of action learning on the research competency of undergraduate nursing students: a mixed-methods study","volume":"140","author":"Yi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3071","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.16462","article-title":"Research competence in clinical nursing insights from Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"81","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."}],"container-title":["Nurse Education Today"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0260691726004168?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0260691726004168?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:34:53Z","timestamp":1790681693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0260691726004168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0260691726004168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388","relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-6917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-6917","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Research competence and its multidimensional correlates among nursing undergraduates: A network analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nurse Education Today","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107388","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107388"}}