{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:06:28Z","timestamp":1790683588522,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nurse Education Today"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:45:21Z","timestamp":1789141521000},"page":"107415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Supporting shared mental models: How an AI facilitator shapes interprofessional team cognition in collaborative learning"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2948-0493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","article-title":"Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change","volume":"84","author":"Bandura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0010","series-title":"Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide","author":"Braun","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/135910457000100301","article-title":"Back-translation for cross-cultural research","volume":"1","author":"Brislin","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Cross-Cult. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0020","series-title":"Individual and Group Decision Making: Current Issues","first-page":"221","article-title":"Shared mental models in expert team decision making","author":"Cannon-Bowers","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0025","series-title":"Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research","author":"Creswell","year":"2017"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.34.10.906","article-title":"Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: a new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry","volume":"34","author":"Flavell","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0035","series-title":"Handbook of Self-regulation of Learning and Performance","first-page":"83","article-title":"Self-regulation, co-regulation, and shared regulation in collaborative learning environments","author":"Hadwin","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1177\/016146811111300204","article-title":"Self-regulation, coregulation, and socially shared regulation: exploring perspectives of social in self-regulated learning theory","volume":"113","author":"Hadwin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Teach. Coll. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(08)62386-9","article-title":"Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): results of empirical and theoretical research","volume":"52","author":"Hart","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1145\/353485.353487","article-title":"Distributed cognition: toward a new foundation for human-computer interaction research","volume":"7","author":"Hollan","year":"2000","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2024.2352162","article-title":"Interprofessional learning in practice-based settings: AMEE Guide No. 169","volume":"47","author":"Hosny","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med. Teach."},{"issue":"9945","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61307-6","article-title":"Transformation of the education of health professionals in China: progress and challenges","volume":"384","author":"Hou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1891\/1945-8959.12.3.267","article-title":"Exploring socially shared regulation in the context of collaboration","volume":"12","author":"J\u00e4rvel\u00e4","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.3102\/0013189X09339057","article-title":"An educational psychology success story: social interdependence theory and cooperative learning","volume":"38","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Educ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-10-83","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a multiple-group measurement scale for interprofessional collaboration","volume":"10","author":"Kenaszchuk","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1080\/13561820.2018.1459515","article-title":"Assessment of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS): an item response theory analysis","volume":"32","author":"Kerry","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Interprof. Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-018-9277-y","article-title":"From cognitive load theory to collaborative cognitive load theory","volume":"13","author":"Kirschner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput.-Support. Collab. Learn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2025.104255","article-title":"What is the effect of different interprofessional education teaching strategies on healthcare professions students\u2019 interprofessional learning outcomes? A systematic narrative review","volume":"83","author":"Kong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chiropr. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1080\/13561820500430157","article-title":"The readiness for interprofessional learning scale: a possible more stable sub-scale model for the original version of RIPLS","volume":"19","author":"McFadyen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Interprof. Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-016-0110-3","article-title":"Evolution and revolution in artificial intelligence in education","volume":"26","author":"Roll","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496405277134","article-title":"Is there a \u201cBig Five\u201d in teamwork?","volume":"36","author":"Salas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Small Group Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0120","series-title":"The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2016.33.3","article-title":"A tutorial on epistemic network analysis: analyzing the structure of connections in cognitive, social, and interaction data","volume":"3","author":"Shaffer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2024.106325","article-title":"Uncovering the factors underlying collaboration outcomes in interprofessional education: a preliminary investigation involving healthcare students","volume":"141","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1741118","article-title":"Human-centered artificial intelligence: reliable, safe & trustworthy","volume":"36","author":"Shneiderman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1202_4","article-title":"Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning","volume":"12","author":"Sweller","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leaqua.2022.101619","article-title":"Bringing the cognitive revolution forward: what can team cognition contribute to our understanding of leadership?","volume":"34","author":"Toader","year":"2023","journal-title":"Leadersh. Q."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2011.611369","article-title":"The relative effectiveness of human tutoring, intelligent tutoring systems, and other tutoring systems","volume":"46","author":"VanLehn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-025-00389-y","article-title":"Adaptive intelligent tutoring systems for STEM education: analysis of the learning impact and effectiveness of personalized feedback","volume":"12","author":"Villegas-Ch","year":"2025","journal-title":"Smart Learn. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-021-02875-6","article-title":"Medical education in China: progress in the past 70 years and a vision for the future","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med. Educ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.12.035","article-title":"Teamwork matters: team situation awareness to build high-performing healthcare teams, a narrative review","volume":"132","author":"Weller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0170","series-title":"Framework for Action on Interprofessional Education & Collaborative Practice","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2025.106952","article-title":"The impact of simulation-enhanced interprofessional education on student knowledge and satisfaction: a multivariate analysis across fields of study","volume":"158","author":"Wright","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2009.01.025","article-title":"Factor analysis of the general self-efficacy scale and its relationship with individualism\/collectivism among twenty-five countries: application of multilevel confirmatory factor analysis","volume":"46","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Personal. Individ. Differ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/acamed\/wvaf039","article-title":"Future-proofing medical assessment: evaluating collaborative intelligence in the age of artificial intelligence","volume":"101","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Acad. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0190","article-title":"How generative artificial intelligence reshapes students\u2019 interdisciplinary cognitive structures: implications for management education","volume":"24","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Educ."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2024.101321","article-title":"Best practices for interprofessional education to meet the curriculum outcomes and entrustable professional activities","volume":"88","author":"Zeeman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Pharm. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2022.104485","article-title":"Understanding student teachers\u2019 collaborative problem solving: insights from an epistemic network analysis (ENA)","volume":"183","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2019.03.002","article-title":"The effects of group metacognitive scaffolding on group metacognitive behaviors, group performance, and cognitive load in computer-supported collaborative learning","volume":"42","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Internet High. Educ."}],"container-title":["Nurse Education Today"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0260691726004430?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0260691726004430?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:32:57Z","timestamp":1790681577000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0260691726004430"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0260691726004430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415","relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-6917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-6917","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Supporting shared mental models: How an AI facilitator shapes interprofessional team cognition in collaborative learning","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Nurse Education Today","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nedt.2026.107415","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107415"}}