{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:03:34Z","timestamp":1789153414729,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C1003791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C1003791"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neoplasia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T13:23:18Z","timestamp":1637068998000},"page":"1307-1317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Amelioration of muscle wasting by gintonin in cancer cachexia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3002-8592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoseph Toni","family":"Wijaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8809-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tania","family":"Setiawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ita Novita","family":"Sari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Yeol","family":"Nah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1663-5118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyog Young","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-014-9915-y","article-title":"Skeletal muscle: a brief review of structure and function","volume":"96","author":"Frontera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v7.i4.17","article-title":"Cancer cachexia, mechanism and treatment","volume":"7","author":"Aoyagi","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2012.209","article-title":"Understanding the mechanisms and treatment options in cancer cachexia","volume":"10","author":"Fearon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10601","article-title":"Skeletal muscle metabolism in physiology and in cancer disease","volume":"90","author":"Giordano","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17105","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.105","article-title":"Cancer-associated cachexia","volume":"4","author":"Baracos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12402","article-title":"Orphan disease status of cancer cachexia in the USA and in the European Union: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Anker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc927","article-title":"Cachexia in cancer patients","volume":"2","author":"Tisdale","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00251-0","article-title":"Cancer cachexia: the molecular mechanisms","volume":"35","author":"Argil\u00e9s","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00298","article-title":"Management of cancer cachexia: attempting to develop new pharmacological agents for new effective therapeutic options","volume":"10","author":"Marceca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.10.008","article-title":"Adipose tissue inflammation and cancer cachexia: possible role of nuclear transcription factors","volume":"57","author":"Batista","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2011.011028","article-title":"Role of nuclear factor kappaB-mediated inflammatory pathways in cancer-related symptoms and their regulation by nutritional agents","volume":"236","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v9.i7.1567","article-title":"Role of NF-kappaB and cytokine in experimental cancer cachexia","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2003","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.5142\/jgr.2012.36.1.16","article-title":"Cardiovascular diseases and panax ginseng: a review on molecular mechanisms and medical applications","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25112635","article-title":"Characteristics of panax ginseng cultivars in Korea and China","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7732\/kjpr.2012.25.6.657","article-title":"Effects of Korean ginseng and wild simulated cultivation ginseng for muscle strength and endurance","volume":"25","author":"Sohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Plant Resour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-0456(01)00262-9","article-title":"Protective effects of Panax ginseng on muscle injury and inflammation after eccentric exercise","volume":"130","author":"Cabral de Oliveira","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.05.006","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 from Panax ginseng enhances myoblast differentiation and myotube growth","volume":"41","author":"Go","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112054","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg3 upregulates myotube formation and mitochondrial function, thereby protecting myotube atrophy induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha","volume":"242","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0019","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rb2 upregulate Akt\/mTOR signaling-mediated muscular hypertrophy and myoblast differentiation","volume":"44","author":"Go","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-120439","article-title":"Gintonin, a ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid receptor ligand, attenuates Alzheimer's disease-related neuropathies: involvement of non-amyloidogenic processing","volume":"31","author":"Hwang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25051019","article-title":"Gintonin-enriched fraction suppresses heat stress-induced inflammation through LPA receptor","volume":"25","author":"Chei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.26.1.50-62.2006","article-title":"Transactivation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha by the GTPase-deficient activated mutant of Galpha12","volume":"26","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G667","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00505.2003","article-title":"Feeding activates protein synthesis in mouse pancreas at the translational level without changes in m-RNA","volume":"287","author":"Sans-Gili","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-1633","article-title":"Combined MEK and PI3K\/p110\u03b2 inhibition as a novel targeted therapy for malignant mesothelioma displaying sarcomatoid features","volume":"80","author":"Marqu\u00e9s","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra80","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2002038","article-title":"G\u03b1i2 signaling promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy, myoblast differentiation, and muscle regeneration","volume":"4","author":"Minetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2063179","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress as key regulator of muscle wasting during cachexia","volume":"2018","author":"Abrigo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168491","article-title":"Cancer cachexia: its mechanism and clinical significance","volume":"22","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.12910","article-title":"Updates on the pathogenesis of advanced lung cancer-induced cachexia","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.09.027","article-title":"IKKbeta\/NF-kappaB activation causes severe muscle wasting in mice","volume":"119","author":"Cai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2016.5165","article-title":"Comparative molecular analysis of early and late cancer cachexia-induced muscle wasting in mouse models","volume":"36","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-014-0141-2","article-title":"Modeling human cancer cachexia in colon 26 tumor-bearing adult mice","volume":"5","author":"Talbert","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.11.006","article-title":"Bioactive lipids in gintonin-enriched fraction from ginseng","volume":"43","author":"Cho","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.12.007","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy","volume":"119","author":"McKinnell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00245","article-title":"Ginseng pharmacology: a new paradigm based on gintonin-lysophosphatidic acid receptor interactions","volume":"6","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R046458","article-title":"LPA receptor signaling: pharmacology, physiology, and pathophysiology","volume":"55","author":"Yung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.010389","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy","volume":"6","author":"Bonaldo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4138","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26144138","article-title":"Protective effects of gintonin on reactive oxygen species-induced HT22 cell damages: involvement of LPA1 receptor-BDNF-AKT signaling pathway","volume":"26","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13064","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13064","article-title":"Lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA3 prevents oxidative stress and cellular senescence in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00515","article-title":"Multi-target protective effects of gintonin in 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-mediated model of parkinson's disease via lysophosphatidic acid receptors","volume":"9","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2015.0116","article-title":"Oral Administration of gintonin attenuates cholinergic impairments by scopolamine, amyloid-\u03b2 protein, and mouse model of alzheimer's disease","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00667.2014","article-title":"Synaptic enhancement induced by gintonin via lysophosphatidic acid receptor activation in central synapses","volume":"113","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.12.004","article-title":"Gintonin mitigates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by stabilization of Nrf2 signaling via stimulation of lysophosphatidic acid receptors","volume":"93","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000213","article-title":"Gintonin Administration is Safe and Potentially Beneficial in Cognitively Impaired Elderly","volume":"32","author":"Moon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.5142\/jgr.2011.35.2.209","article-title":"A simple method for the preparation of crude gintonin from ginseng root, stem, and leaf","volume":"35","author":"Pyo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2015.05.002","article-title":"A brief method for preparation of gintonin-enriched fraction from ginseng","volume":"39","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Ginseng Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/S10059-012-2216-z","article-title":"Gintonin, newly identified compounds from ginseng, is novel lysophosphatidic acids-protein complexes and activates G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid receptors with high affinity","volume":"33","author":"Hwang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-01547-x","article-title":"AMD1 is required for the maintenance of leukemic stem cells and promotes chronic myeloid leukemic growth","volume":"40","author":"Sari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2019.105661","article-title":"Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase 2 (ENPP2) plays a crucial role in myogenic differentiation through the regulation by WNT\/\u03b2-Catenin signaling","volume":"118","author":"Sah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["Neoplasia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1476558621000981?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1476558621000981?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T13:09:36Z","timestamp":1761484176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1476558621000981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1476558621000981"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-5586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-5586","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Amelioration of muscle wasting by gintonin in cancer cachexia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neoplasia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neo.2021.11.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}