{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T19:25:19Z","timestamp":1786994719358,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,11]],"date-time":"2018-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["320030_170249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["320030_170249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T17:29:26Z","timestamp":1542043766000},"page":"10-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Neuroimaging of chronic MDMA (\u201cecstasy\u201d) effects: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4582-6610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Br\u00e4ndle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1765-9659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias E.","family":"Liechti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Borgwardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0005","first-page":"1129","article-title":"SPECT imaging of dopamine transporters in human brain with iodine-123-fluoroalkyl analogs of beta-CIT","volume":"37","author":"Abi-Dargham","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06515.x","article-title":"Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on serotonin transporter and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 protein and gene expression in rats: implications for MDMA neurotoxicity","volume":"112","author":"Biezonski","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0015","series-title":"Introduction to Meta-Analysis","author":"Borenstein","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2529-4","article-title":"Linking the pharmacological content of ecstasy tablets to the subjective experiences of drug users","volume":"220","author":"Brunt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881106071975","article-title":"Ecstasy-induced reduction of the availability of the brain serotonin transporter as revealed by [11C](+)McN5652-PET and the multi-linear reference tissue model: loss of transporters or artifact of tracer kinetic modelling?","volume":"21","author":"Buchert","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1850-8","article-title":"Reversibility of ecstasy-induced reduction in serotonin transporter availability in polydrug ecstasy users","volume":"33","author":"Buchert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-012-0815-5","article-title":"Toxicity of amphetamines: an update","volume":"86","author":"Carvalho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2586(199910)10:4<521::AID-JMRI4>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Cerebral (1)H MRS alterations in recreational 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, \"ecstasy\") users","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(99)00048-7","article-title":"Effect of ecstasy [3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)] on cerebral blood flow: a co-registered SPECT and MRI study","volume":"98","author":"Chang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00222.x","article-title":"The content of ecstasy tablets: implications for the study of their long-term effects","volume":"97","author":"Cole","year":"2002","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2007.01.008","article-title":"Occipital cortical proton MRS at 4 Tesla in human moderate MDMA polydrug users","volume":"155","author":"Cowan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.03.004","article-title":"Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in ecstasy (MDMA) users","volume":"362","author":"Daumann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(03)00101-9","article-title":"Validity of in vivo [123I]beta-CIT SPECT in detecting MDMA-induced neurotoxicity in rats","volume":"14","author":"de Win","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn255","article-title":"Sustained effects of ecstasy on the human brain: a prospective neuroimaging study in novel users","volume":"131","author":"de Win","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.56","article-title":"In vivo imaging of cerebral serotonin transporter and serotonin(2A) receptor binding in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or \"ecstasy\") and hallucinogen users","volume":"68","author":"Erritzoe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2852-09.2010","article-title":"A nonlinear relationship between cerebral serotonin transporter and 5-HT(2A) receptor binding: an in vivo molecular imaging study in humans","volume":"30","author":"Erritzoe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5476","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-08-05476.1995","article-title":"Reorganization of ascending 5-HT axon projections in animals previously exposed to the recreational drug (+\/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, \"ecstasy\")","volume":"15","author":"Fischer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1177\/026988110101500406","article-title":"Ecstasy use: cognitive deficits related to dosage rather than self-reported problematic use of the drug","volume":"15","author":"Fox","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0095","first-page":"682","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of serotonin transporter radioligands 11C-DASB and 11C-McN 5652 in healthy humans","volume":"45","author":"Frankle","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0100","first-page":"815","article-title":"Estimation of serotonin transporter parameters with 11C-DASB in healthy humans: reproducibility and comparison of methods","volume":"47","author":"Frankle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5096","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-12-05096.1999","article-title":"Altered serotonin innervation patterns in the forebrain of monkeys treated with (+\/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine seven years previously: factors influencing abnormal recovery","volume":"19","author":"Hatzidimitriou","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0110","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036476","article-title":"Duloxetine inhibits effects of MDMA (\"ecstasy\") in vitro and in humans in a randomized placebo-controlled laboratory study","volume":"7","author":"Hysek","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0120","first-page":"221","article-title":"Impact of pharmaceutical impurities in ecstasy tablets: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry study","volume":"15","author":"Jalali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0125","first-page":"211","article-title":"Profiling of ecstasy tablets seized in iran","volume":"10","author":"Khajeamiri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq103","article-title":"Decreased cerebral cortical serotonin transporter binding in ecstasy users: a positron emission tomography\/[(11)C]DASB and structural brain imaging study","volume":"133","author":"Kish","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.03.018","article-title":"MDMA causes a redistribution of serotonin transporter from the cell surface to the intracellular compartment by a mechanism independent of phospho-p38-mitogen activated protein kinase activation","volume":"168","author":"Kivell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.890130402","article-title":"SPECT imaging of dopamine and serotonin transporters with [123I]beta-CIT: pharmacological characterization of brain uptake in nonhuman primates","volume":"13","author":"Laruelle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Synapse (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11101918","article-title":"Potential long-term effects of MDMA on the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit: a proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion-tensor imaging study","volume":"260","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.01.071","article-title":"Development and application of a high-performance liquid chromatography method using monolithic columns for the analysis of ecstasy tablets","volume":"1120","author":"Mc Fadden","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)04329-3","article-title":"Positron emission tomographic evidence of toxic effect of MDMA (\"Ecstasy\") on brain serotonin neurons in human beings","volume":"352","author":"McCann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300736","article-title":"Quantitative PET studies of the serotonin transporter in MDMA users and controls using [11C]McN5652 and [11C]DASB","volume":"30","author":"McCann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1218-4","article-title":"Positron emission tomographic studies of brain dopamine and serotonin transporters in abstinent (+\/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (\"ecstasy\") users: relationship to cognitive performance","volume":"200","author":"McCann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0170","first-page":"8","article-title":"Interaction between the 5-HT system and the basal ganglia: functional implication and therapeutic perspective in Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Miguelez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neural Circuits"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30135-4","article-title":"3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in military veterans, firefighters, and police officers: a randomised, double-blind, dose-response, phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Mithoefer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881110378371","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of {+\/-}3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy in subjects with chronic, treatment-resistant posttraumatic stress disorder: the first randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Mithoefer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112456611","article-title":"Durability of improvement in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and absence of harmful effects or drug dependency after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy: a prospective long-term follow-up study","volume":"27","author":"Mithoefer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement","volume":"4","author":"Moher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03399.x","article-title":"Pill content, dose and resulting plasma concentrations of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in recreational\u2019 ecstasy\u2019 users","volume":"106","author":"Morefield","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0200","article-title":"Neuroimaging in moderate MDMA use: a systematic review","author":"Mueller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112464827","article-title":"A randomized, controlled pilot study of MDMA (\u00b1 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine)-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of resistant, chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)","volume":"27","author":"Oehen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-5380-2-6","article-title":"Meta-analytic methods for neuroimaging data explained","volume":"2","author":"Radua","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Mood Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.10130","article-title":"Validity of [123I]beta-CIT SPECT in detecting MDMA-induced serotonergic neurotoxicity","volume":"46","author":"Reneman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Synapse (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.10.901","article-title":"Cortical serotonin transporter density and verbal memory in individuals who stopped using 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or \"ecstasy\"): preliminary findings","volume":"58","author":"Reneman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0225","first-page":"231","article-title":"Reduced N-acetylaspartate levels in the frontal cortex of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) users: preliminary results","volume":"23","author":"Reneman","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2202001602","article-title":"Effects of ecstasy (MDMA) on the brain in abstinent users: initial observations with diffusion and perfusion MR imaging","volume":"220","author":"Reneman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.02.003","article-title":"Meta-analysis of molecular imaging of serotonin transporters in ecstasy\/polydrug users","volume":"63","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01004.x","article-title":"The file-drawer problem revisited: a general weighted method for calculating fail-safe numbers in meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199806)29:2<183::AID-SYN9>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"In vivo detection of short- and long-term MDMA neurotoxicity--a positron emission tomography study in the living baboon brain","volume":"29","author":"Scheffel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Synapse (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(03)00125-7","article-title":"Analysis of ecstasy tablets: comparison of reflectance and transmittance near infrared spectroscopy","volume":"134","author":"Schneider","year":"2003","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.050344","article-title":"Brain serotonin transporter binding in former users of MDMA (\u2019ecstasy\u2019)","volume":"194","author":"Selvaraj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.175.1.63","article-title":"Reduced in vivo binding to the serotonin transporter in the cerebral cortex of MDMA (\u2019ecstasy\u2019) users","volume":"175","author":"Semple","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.16.3.194","article-title":"Analysis of illicit ecstasy tablets: implications for clinical management in the accident and emergency department","volume":"16","author":"Sherlock","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Accid. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.3109\/15376510903358341","article-title":"Quantitative determination of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine by thin-layer chromatography in ecstasy illicit pills in Tehran","volume":"19","author":"Shetab Boushehri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol. Mech. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group","volume":"283","author":"Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.890200107","article-title":"Positron emission tomography imaging of serotonin transporters in the human brain using [11C](+)McN5652","volume":"20","author":"Szabo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Synapse (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118767646","article-title":"Are ecstasy induced serotonergic alterations overestimated for the majority of users?","author":"Szigeti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1383-9","article-title":"Mood, cognition and serotonin transporter availability in current and former ecstasy (MDMA) users","volume":"167","author":"Thomasius","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12584","article-title":"The variability of ecstasy tablets composition in Brazil","volume":"60","author":"Togni","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0300","series-title":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, World Drug Report 2017","author":"UNODC","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.332","article-title":"Sustained recreational use of ecstasy is associated with altered pre and postsynaptic markers of serotonin transmission in neocortical areas: a PET study with [(1)(1)C]DASB and [(1)(1)C]MDL 100907","volume":"37","author":"Urban","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-015-0024-z","article-title":"The heterogeneity statistic I(2) can be biased in small meta-analyses","volume":"15","author":"von Hippel","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(01)00195-8","article-title":"Use, abuse and dependence of ecstasy and related drugs in adolescents and young adults-a transient phenomenon? Results from a longitudinal community study","volume":"66","author":"von Sydow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-9-80","article-title":"Meta-Analyst: software for meta-analysis of binary, continuous and diagnostic data","volume":"9","author":"Wallace","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149763418305414?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149763418305414?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T01:27:51Z","timestamp":1775266071000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0149763418305414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0149763418305414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-7634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neuroimaging of chronic MDMA (\u201cecstasy\u201d) effects: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.11.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}