{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T15:28:58Z","timestamp":1793978938512,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T16:30:42Z","timestamp":1782491442000},"page":"106833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Systematic review of tactile-based interventions combined with multisensory stimulation protocols in the rehabilitation of patients with disorders of consciousness"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Carla","family":"Susinna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Lo Buono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Marafioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Anselmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Culicetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Quartarone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"McGlone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Cazzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7924.2009.00117.x","article-title":"Effect of a regular family visiting program as an affective, auditory, and tactile stimulation on the consciousness level of comatose patients with a head injury","volume":"6","author":"Abbasi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Nurs. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00616","article-title":"Sensory stimulation for patients with disorders of consciousness: from stimulation to rehabilitation","volume":"8","author":"Abbate","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2021.08.012","article-title":"C-tactile (CT) afferents: evidence of their function from microneurography studies in humans","volume":"43","author":"Ackerley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib4","article-title":"Impact of a sensory stimulation program conducted by family members on the consciousness and pain levels of ICU patients: a mixed-method study","volume":"20","author":"Adineh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1412","article-title":"Outcomes of family-centred auditory and tactile stimulation implementation on traumatic brain injured patients","volume":"10","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurs. Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-020-01677-5","article-title":"Analysis of consciousness level using galvanic skin response during therapeutic effect","volume":"45","author":"Alt\u0131ntop","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010110393353","article-title":"Effects of healing touch in clinical practice: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials","volume":"29","author":"Anderson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Holist. Nurs."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1080\/09602010443000443","article-title":"Assessing level of consciousness and cognitive changes from vegetative state to full recovery","volume":"15","author":"Bekinschtein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rehabil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39484-w","article-title":"Topography and relationship-specific social touching in individuals displaying body image disturbances","volume":"13","author":"Bellard","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib10","series-title":"The Ethics of touch","author":"Benjamin","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-018-0915-2","article-title":"The risk of bias in observational studies of exposures (ROBINS-E) tool: concerns arising from application to observational studies of exposures","volume":"7","author":"Bero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Syst. rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839919893361","article-title":"A review of the pubMed PICO tool: using evidence-based practice in health education","volume":"21","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Promot. Pract."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0138-15.2016","article-title":"Touch perception altered by chronic pain and by opioid blockade","volume":"3","author":"Case","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eneuro"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0504-22.2023","article-title":"A\u03b2-CT affective touch: touch pleasantness ratings for gentle stroking and deep pressure exhibit dependence on A-fibers","volume":"10","author":"Case","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eneuro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2015.01.002","article-title":"Parental involvement on student academic achievement: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Castro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Educ. Res. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-014-0383-5","article-title":"Coherence and consciousness: study of fronto-parietal gamma synchrony in patients with disorders of consciousness","volume":"28","author":"Cavinato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Topogr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243680","article-title":"Affective touch topography and body image","volume":"16","author":"Cazzato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plos. One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib18","article-title":"Evolutionarily conserved neural responses to affective touch in monkeys transcend consciousness and change with age","volume":"121","author":"Charbonneau","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1080\/24750573.2019.1699738","article-title":"Use of multisensory stimulation interventions in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders","volume":"29","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00826","article-title":"Do sensory stimulation programs have an impact on consciousness recovery?","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2555","article-title":"How do you feel\u2014now? The anterior insula and human awareness","volume":"10","author":"Craig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1176","article-title":"Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness","volume":"7","author":"Critchley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib23","series-title":"Coma and Disorders of Consciousness","article-title":"Sensory stimulation program","author":"Di","year":"2012"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.667588","article-title":"Increased behavioral responsiveness with complex stimulation in VS and MCS: preliminary results","volume":"26","author":"Di Stefano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"issue":"7156","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06072","article-title":"The effects of molecular noise and size control on variability in the budding yeast cell cycle","volume":"448","author":"Di Talia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1080\/00207450802329605","article-title":"Moderate pressure massage elicits a parasympathetic nervous system response","volume":"119","author":"Diego","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/09602019308401436","article-title":"The effect of intense multi-sensory stimulation on coma arousal and recovery","volume":"3","author":"Doman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rehabil."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib28","first-page":"856","article-title":"Psychophysical assessment of the affective components of non-painful touch","volume":"21","author":"Essick","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2011.01.001","article-title":"Touch for socioemotional and physical well-being: A review","volume":"30","author":"Field","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2021.08.008","article-title":"Affective regulation through touch: homeostatic and allostatic mechanisms","volume":"43","author":"Fotopoulou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.12.333","article-title":"Behaviors indicative of pain in brain-injured adult patients with different levels of consciousness in the intensive care unit","volume":"57","author":"G\u00e9linas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pain. Symptom Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2015.09.010","article-title":"Towards a common framework of grounded action cognition: relating motor control, perception and cognition","volume":"146","author":"Gentsch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-1996-6108","article-title":"Sensory stimulation: Theoretical perspectives and the evidence for effectiveness","volume":"6","author":"Giacino","year":"1996","journal-title":"NeuroRehabilitation"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6042","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5548-08.2009","article-title":"Massage accelerates brain development and the maturation of visual function","volume":"29","author":"Guzzetta","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-976533","article-title":"Effects of multisensory stimulation interventions in brain-damaged patients","volume":"47","author":"Heidler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108602","article-title":"A tool to assess risk of bias in non-randomized follow-up studies of exposure effects (ROBINS-E)","volume":"186","author":"Higgins","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30511-X","article-title":"Prevalence of mental disorders in china: a cross-sectional epidemiological study","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa034","article-title":"Welcoming back my arm: affective touch increases body ownership following right-hemisphere stroke","volume":"2","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib39","first-page":"159","article-title":"The influence of acoustic and tactile stimulation on vegetative parameters and EEG in a persistent vegetative state","volume":"22","author":"Keller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Funct. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1002","article-title":"Temporal and regional changes in IGF-1\/IGF-1R signaling in the mouse brain after traumatic brain injury","volume":"27","author":"Kizhakke Madathil","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4525","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23679","article-title":"How the brain codes intimacy: the neurobiological substrates of romantic touch","volume":"38","author":"Kreuder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Human. Brain Mapp."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3843(14)60138-9","article-title":"Early rehabilitation of comatose patients after traumatic brain injury","volume":"44","author":"Lippert-Gr\u00fcner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurol. i Neurochir. Pol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0653","article-title":"A long-term intensive behavioral treatment study in patients with persistent vegetative state or minimally conscious state","volume":"43","author":"Lotze","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib44","article-title":"Evaluations comportementales chez les patients en \u00e9tat de conscience alt\u00e9r\u00e9e","volume":"7","author":"Luaut\u00e9","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00087.2006","article-title":"Genomic analysis of nucleoside transporters in Diptera and functional characterization of DmENT2, a Drosophila equilibrative nucleoside transporter","volume":"28","author":"Machado","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1390673","article-title":"Touch medicine: bridging the gap between recent insights from touch research and clinical medicine and its special significance for the treatment of affective disorders","volume":"15","author":"McGlone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.05.001","article-title":"Discriminative and affective touch: sensing and feeling","volume":"82","author":"McGlone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2013.767937","article-title":"Effect of frequency of multimodal coma stimulation on the consciousness levels of traumatic brain injury comatose patients","volume":"27","author":"Megha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.017","article-title":"Demographics and clinical assessment working group of the international and interagency initiative toward common data elements for research on traumatic brain injury and psychological health. position statement: definition of traumatic brain injury","volume":"91","author":"Menon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/traumamon.23531","article-title":"Effects of sensory stimulation by nurses and families on level of cognitive function, and basic cognitive sensory recovery of comatose patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized control trial","volume":"21","author":"Moattari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trauma. Mon."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s40750-016-0052-x","article-title":"Keep calm and cuddle on: social touch as a stress buffer","volume":"2","author":"Morrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adapt. Hum. Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-017-0560-6","article-title":"EEG captures affective touch: CT-optimal touch and neural oscillations","volume":"18","author":"von Mohr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cogn. Affect. & Behav. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.163055","article-title":"Midlife and late-life blood pressure and dementia in Japanese elderly","volume":"58","author":"Ninomiya","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-016-0745-z","article-title":"Topography of human erogenous zones","volume":"45","author":"Nummenmaa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Sex. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib55","first-page":"1","article-title":"A systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis of the physical and mental health benefits of touch interventions","author":"Packheiser","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Human. Behav."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2016.021022","article-title":"Effectiveness of sensory stimulation to improve arousal and alertness of people in a coma or persistent vegetative state after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Padilla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Occup. Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-016-1192-6","article-title":"Multisensory integration of redundant trisensory stimulation","volume":"78","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atten. Percept. & Psychophys."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014751","article-title":"Exploring the use of touch in the psychotherapeutic setting: a phenomenological review","volume":"46","author":"Phelan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychother. Theory Res. Pract. Train."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib59","series-title":"The Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma","author":"Plum","year":"1982"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-5506.2018.01895.8","article-title":"Effect of sensory and tactile stimulation to increase Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on stroke clients who have consciousness disorders at Abdul Moeloek Hospital, Lampung","volume":"9","author":"Purbianto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian. J. Public. Health Res. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08821","article-title":"A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing","volume":"464","author":"Qin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261060","article-title":"The off-line effect of affective touch on multisensory integration and tactile perceptual accuracy during the somatic signal detection task","volume":"16","author":"Sacchetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plos. One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2024.2311800","article-title":"Determinants for positive and negative experiences of interpersonal touch: context matters","volume":"38","author":"Sailer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cogn. Emot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib64","article-title":"fMRI reveals large-scale network activation in minimally conscious patients","volume":"514-23","author":"Schiff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology 864(3)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1037\/xhp0001079","article-title":"Stroking trajectory shapes velocity effects on pleasantness and other touch percepts","volume":"49","author":"Schirmer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Human. Percept. Perform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119811","article-title":"Velocity-tuning of somatosensory EEG predicts the pleasantness of gentle caress","volume":"265","author":"Schirmer","year":"2023","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00395","article-title":"An interoceptive predictive coding model of conscious presence","volume":"2","author":"Seth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074711","article-title":"Emotional processing of personally familiar faces in the vegetative state","volume":"8","author":"Sharon","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.116","article-title":"Touch gives new life: mechanosensation modulates spinal cord adult neurogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Shechter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib70","first-page":"l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ 2019"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159-023-00217-5","article-title":"The why, who and how of social touch","volume":"2","author":"Suvilehto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Psychol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.05.023","article-title":"The functional neuroanatomy of autobiographical memory: a meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"Svoboda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib73","article-title":"Multisensory stimulation and its impact on stress and well-being: a review","volume":"36","author":"Taneja","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Sens. Stud."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib74","first-page":"106","article-title":"Effect of family members' voice on level of consciousness of comatose patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a single-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Tavangar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2017.07.007","article-title":"Heart rate variability is enhanced by long-lasting pleasant touch at CT-optimized velocity","volume":"128","author":"Triscoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"issue":"1581","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3142","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2011.0163","article-title":"The role of self-touch in somatosensory and body representation disorders after stroke","volume":"366","author":"Van Stralen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.09.020","article-title":"EEG and autonomic responses to nociceptive stimulation in disorders of consciousness","volume":"60","author":"Venturella","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.11.046","article-title":"Vicarious ratings of social touch reflect the anatomical distribution & velocity tuning of C-tactile afferents: a hedonic homunculus?","volume":"320","author":"Walker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav. brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem131","article-title":"Pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury","volume":"99","author":"Werner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.7b00842","article-title":"Distinct proteome remodeling of industrial saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to prolonged thermal stress or transient heat shock","volume":"17","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCN.0000546310.00168.30","article-title":"Tactile stimulation improves consciousness and vital signs in patients with traumatic brain injury","volume":"13","author":"YekeFallah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nursing2020 Crit. Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0903466","article-title":"Neurologic prognosis after cardiac arrest","volume":"361","author":"Young","year":"2009","journal-title":"New. Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149763426002903?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149763426002903?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T15:11:22Z","timestamp":1793977882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0149763426002903"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S0149763426002903"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-7634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic review of tactile-based interventions combined with multisensory stimulation protocols in the rehabilitation of patients with disorders of consciousness","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106833","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106833"}}