{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T23:27:30Z","timestamp":1793921250608,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:24:31Z","timestamp":1789914271000},"page":"106992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A topological architecture of neurodivergence: Transdiagnostic reframing of autism, ADHD, dyslexia, DCD, and high-ability profiles within the high processing cost phenotypes (HPCPh) framework"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"191","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7632-5758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Hauck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana Terra","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-025-01261-3","article-title":"Perineuronal nets in the developing brain: implications for neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"18","author":"Ackerman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1986.tb07967.x","volume":"128","author":"Agnati","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2010.03.003","article-title":"Understanding wiring and volume transmission","volume":"64","author":"Agnati","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.604448","article-title":"The extracellular matrix in the evolution of cortical development and folding","volume":"8","author":"Amin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200110000-00001","article-title":"An energy budget for signaling in the grey matter of the brain","volume":"21","author":"Attwell","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1177\/13623613251328059","article-title":"Autism in the context of joint hypermobility, hypermobility spectrum disorders, and Ehlers\u2013Danlos syndromes: A systematic review and prevalence meta-analyses","volume":"29","author":"Baeza-Velasco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.01016","article-title":"Sensory Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Focus on the Tactile Domain, From Genetic Mouse Models to the Clinic","volume":"10","author":"Balasco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.4.1267","article-title":"Proteoglycans in the developing brain: new conceptual insights for old proteins","volume":"80","author":"Bandtlow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a005108","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a005108","article-title":"Extracellular Matrix: Functions in the Nervous System","volume":"3","author":"Barros","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02572-6","article-title":"Connectivity alterations in autism reflect functional idiosyncrasy","volume":"4","author":"Benkarim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2025.04.008","article-title":"Autism-related shifts in the brain\u2019s information processing hierarchy","volume":"29","author":"Bernhardt","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3390\/bs16030396","article-title":"Expanding Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Girls and Women: A New Paradigm","volume":"16","author":"Bitensky","year":"2026","journal-title":"Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15745","article-title":"Attention and motor profiles in children with developmental coordination disorder: A neuropsychological and neuroimaging investigation","volume":"66","author":"Bonthrone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2006.05.009","article-title":"Developmental dyslexia: The visual attention span deficit hypothesis","volume":"104","author":"Bosse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3214","article-title":"The economy of brain network organization","volume":"13","author":"Bullmore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00120.2023","article-title":"Metabolic energetics underlying attractors in neural models","volume":"131","author":"Buxton","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06641-4","article-title":"Towards a neurodevelopmental cognitive perspective of temporal processing","volume":"7","author":"Buzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2026.1711271","article-title":"The association between motor coordination impairment and altered functional connectivity among autistic children","volume":"14","author":"Cao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaf193","article-title":"Multimodal investigation of the neurocognitive deficits underlying dyslexia in adulthood","volume":"35","author":"Cara","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2434","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052434","article-title":"An Extracellular Perspective on CNS Maturation: Perineuronal Nets and the Control of Plasticity","volume":"22","author":"Carulli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2025.101439","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder: overdiagnosis or a new pandemic?","volume":"102","author":"Castro","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(94)90006-X","article-title":"Perineuronal nets \u2014 a specialized form of extracellular matrix in the adult nervous system","volume":"19","author":"Celio","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01550-0","article-title":"Cortisol and inflammatory biomarker levels in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaacop.2025.12.005","article-title":"Are Differences in Social Drive in Childhood and Adolescence Diagnosis Specific? A Multimeasurement Subtyping Approach","volume":"4","author":"Chetcuti","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAACAP Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02773-w","article-title":"ECS Dynamism and Its Influence on Neuronal Excitability and Seizures","volume":"44","author":"Colbourn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.786916","article-title":"Joint Hypermobility Links Neurodivergence to Dysautonomia and Pain","volume":"12","author":"Csecs","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3390\/children11040491","article-title":"Motor Adaptation Deficits in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder and\/or Reading Disorder","volume":"11","author":"Danna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.07.026","article-title":"Unreliable evoked responses in autism","volume":"75","author":"Dinstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116995","article-title":"Tissue cells feel and respond to the stiffness of their substrate","volume":"310","author":"Discher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2898","article-title":"The dual role of the extracellular matrix in synaptic plasticity and homeostasis","volume":"11","author":"Dityatev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0196-3","article-title":"The roles of perineuronal nets and the perinodal extracellular matrix in neuronal function","volume":"20","author":"Fawcett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-071811-150045","article-title":"Mechanics in neuronal development and repair","volume":"15","author":"Franze","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.928188","article-title":"Alteration of peripheral cortisol and autism spectrum disorder: a meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4850","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-71719-y","article-title":"Brain functional-structural gradient coupling reflects development, behavior and genetic influences","volume":"17","author":"Gao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2025.04.001","article-title":"A hierarchical model of early brain functional network development","volume":"29","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107374","article-title":"The extracellular matrix as a dynamic regulator of brain function and plasticity","volume":"223","author":"Ge","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3919","article-title":"The idiosyncratic brain: distortion of spontaneous connectivity patterns in autism spectrum disorder","volume":"18","author":"Hahamy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1701625","article-title":"Functional iron blockade in chronic stress and neurodivergence: a perspective on adaptive stress physiology","volume":"16","author":"Hauck","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2025.101467","article-title":"Beyond overdiagnosis: reframing autism prevalence through a neurodivergent phenotype lens","volume":"101","author":"Hauck","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2026.112009","article-title":"Extracellular matrix mechanics as an upstream organizing constraint in neurodivergent architectures: a hypothesis linking neural topology, volume transmission, and functional iron blockade","volume":"212","author":"Hauck","year":"2026","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1787","article-title":"Critical period plasticity in local cortical circuits","volume":"6","author":"Hensch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-026-00656-y","article-title":"Multiscale heterogeneity of atypical functional connectivity in autism","volume":"4","author":"Ilioska","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.09091379","article-title":"Research domain criteria (RDoC): toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders","volume":"167","author":"Insel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1177\/13623613241230709","article-title":"Literacy in nonspeaking autistic people","volume":"28","author":"Jaswal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib45","first-page":"282","article-title":"Brain extracellular space: geometry, matrix and physiological importance","volume":"4","author":"Kamali-Zare","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic. Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmx002","article-title":"Vitamin D status and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"9","author":"Khoshbakht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9040075","article-title":"A Review of Functional and Structural Neurobiology of the Action Observation Network in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Coordination Disorder","volume":"9","author":"Kilroy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2025.12.004","article-title":"Dyslexia: a window into the cortical mechanisms of adaptive speech analysis","volume":"49","author":"Klimovich-Gray","year":"2026","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e483","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000001103","article-title":"Giftedness and Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review","volume":"43","author":"Kontakou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4394","article-title":"Mechanosensing is critical for axon growth in the developing brain","volume":"19","author":"Koser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.03.021","article-title":"Thalamic Reticular Dysfunction as a Circuit Endophenotype in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":"98","author":"Krol","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2023.07.007","article-title":"A critical period plasticity framework for the sensorimotor\u2013association axis of cortical neurodevelopment","volume":"46","author":"Larsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-026-00601-z","article-title":"From heterogeneity to idiosyncrasy in the autistic brain","volume":"4","author":"Lin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2025.121281","article-title":"Atypical visual selective attention in children with dyslexia: evidence from N2pc and PD","volume":"315","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.804649","article-title":"The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Neural Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Cortical Folding During Human Neocortex Development","volume":"15","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7202a1","article-title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years \u2014 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020","volume":"72","author":"Maenner","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1044\/2024_AJSLP-23-00237","article-title":"Exploring Motor Speech Disorders in Low and Minimally Verbal Autistic Individuals: An Auditory-Perceptual Analysis","volume":"33","author":"Maffei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Speech Lang. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2025.106606","article-title":"Insights into the multi-factorial nature of reading difficulties: exploring phonological, visual, and attentional challenges in children","volume":"119","author":"Mancarella","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Commun. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1993.00410180039004","article-title":"Stress and the individual: mechanisms leading to disease","volume":"153","author":"McEwen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0018-506X(02)00024-7","article-title":"The concept of allostasis in biology and biomedicine","volume":"43","author":"McEwen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1089\/aut.2023.0034","article-title":"Borderline Personality as a Factor in Late, Missed, and Mis-Diagnosis in Autistic Girls and Women: A Conceptual Analysis","volume":"6","author":"McQuaid","year":"2024","journal-title":"Autism Adulthood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1254297","article-title":"Circuit-level theories for sensory dysfunction in autism: convergence across mouse models","volume":"14","author":"Monday","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2014.07.012","article-title":"Linking neocortical, cognitive, and genetic variability in autism with alterations of brain plasticity: The Trigger-Threshold-Target model","volume":"47","author":"Mottron","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.92342.3","article-title":"Assembly of neuron- and radial glial-cell-derived extracellular matrix molecules promotes radial migration of developing cortical neurons","volume":"12","author":"Mubuchi","year":"2024","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaf280","article-title":"Regional gray matter volume is associated with motor imagery performance in children with and without developmental coordination disorder","volume":"35","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000001063","article-title":"Etiology of autism spectrum disorders: recent advances and emerging directions","volume":"39","author":"Munir","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2013.08.006","article-title":"Metabolic features of the cell danger response","volume":"16","author":"Naviaux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2017.06.052","article-title":"Brain Extracellular Space: The Final Frontier of Neuroscience","volume":"113","author":"Nicholson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1981.sp013981","article-title":"Ion diffusion modified by tortuosity and volume fraction in the extracellular microenvironment of the rat cerebellum","volume":"321","author":"Nicholson","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(98)01261-2","article-title":"Extracellular space structure revealed by diffusion analysis","volume":"21","author":"Nicholson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.01.022","article-title":"Idiosyncratic organization of cortical networks in autism spectrum disorder","volume":"190","author":"Nunes","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.10.005","article-title":"Mechanics in the nervous system: From development to disease","volume":"112","author":"Pillai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072699","article-title":"Reactivation of ocular dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex","volume":"298","author":"Pizzorusso","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-69807-4","article-title":"Children with developmental coordination disorder display atypical interhemispheric connectivity during conscious and subconscious rhythmic auditory-motor synchronization","volume":"14","author":"Pranji\u0107","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2026.106417","article-title":"Challenges in translating AI-driven ASD\/ADHD diagnosis: A methodological systematic review","volume":"214","author":"Rasool","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2025.1696805","article-title":"Twice-exceptional students: a systematic review to outline the distinctive characteristics through a multidimensional lens","volume":"10","author":"Rizzo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci15121593","article-title":"Compounded Disadvantage: Issues in Addressing the Educational Requirements of Twice-Exceptional Students in Schools","volume":"15","author":"Ronksley-Pavia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Educ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15050576","article-title":"The Relationship Between Motor Development and ADHD: A Critical Review and Future Directions","volume":"15","author":"Shimko","year":"2025","journal-title":"Behav. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.06.016","article-title":"Neurodevelopment of the association cortices: Patterns, mechanisms, and implications for psychopathology","volume":"109","author":"Sydnor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00027.2007","article-title":"Diffusion in brain extracellular space","volume":"88","author":"Sykov\u00e1","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63327-9.00001-1","article-title":"Balancing plasticity\/stability across brain development","volume":"207","author":"Takesian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2024.08.012","article-title":"Distinct connectivity patterns between perception and attention-related brain networks characterize dyslexia: Machine learning applied to resting-state fMRI","volume":"181","author":"Taran","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/oti\/5556699","article-title":"Performance of Daily Living Activities of Autistic Children With Sensory Processing Difficulties: Caregivers\u2032 Perceptions","volume":"2026","author":"Tazinaffo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Occup. Ther. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1177\/10738584261421180","article-title":"Perineuronal nets: old structures, new functions","volume":"32","author":"Tewari","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-19096-x","article-title":"Peripheral iron levels in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tseng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-020-04695-x","article-title":"Social Camouflaging in Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review","volume":"51","author":"Tub\u00edo-Fungueiri\u00f1o","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2010.512090","article-title":"Salivary dehydroepiandrosterone, but not cortisol, is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib88","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder across the lifespan: Dynamic symptom trajectories and multidimensional support framework","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010086","article-title":"The association between vitamin D status and autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib90","first-page":"1","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder in the genomic era: a comprehensive review of etiology, precision diagnostics, clinical outcomes, and emerging gene-editing therapies","volume":"22","author":"Xiong","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib91","article-title":"The value of intellectual structural imbalance in the differentiation of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-008-0485-9","article-title":"Extracellular matrix of the central nervous system: from neglect to challenge","volume":"130","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-025-00695-9","article-title":"The impact of camouflaging autistic traits on psychological and physiological stress: a co-twin control study","volume":"16","author":"Zubizarreta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Autism"}],"container-title":["Neuroscience &amp; Biobehavioral Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149763426004495?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149763426004495?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T23:21:11Z","timestamp":1793920871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0149763426004495"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":93,"alternative-id":["S0149763426004495"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-7634"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-7634","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A topological architecture of neurodivergence: Transdiagnostic reframing of autism, ADHD, dyslexia, DCD, and high-ability profiles within the high processing cost phenotypes (HPCPh) framework","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2026.106992","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106992"}}