{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:15:10Z","timestamp":1791400510173,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochemistry International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,2]],"date-time":"2008-07-02T18:44:31Z","timestamp":1215024271000},"page":"193-198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High-affinity choline uptake and acetylcholine-metabolizing enzymes in CNS white matter. A quantitative study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Bj\u00f8rnar","family":"Hassel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Solyga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Lossius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2734","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01702.x","article-title":"Choline is a selective agonist of 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat brain neurons","volume":"9","author":"Alkondon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6867732","article-title":"Choline and cholinergic neurons","volume":"221","author":"Blusztajn","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5459","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1106-04.2004","article-title":"Choline transporter 1 maintains cholinergic function in choline acetyltransferase haploinsufficiency","volume":"24","author":"Brandon","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(87)90006-6","article-title":"Quantitative light microscopic autoradiographic localization of cholinergic muscarinic receptors in the human brain forebrain","volume":"20","author":"Cortes","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20051","article-title":"6-[18F]Fluoro-A-85380, a new PET tracer for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: studies in the human brain and in vivo demonstration of specific binding in white matter","volume":"53","author":"Ding","year":"2004","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240212","article-title":"Brain acetylcholinesterase after acute parathion poisoning: a comparative quantitative histochemical analysis post mortem","volume":"24","author":"Finkelstein","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib7","first-page":"253","article-title":"Radiochemical assays for choline acetyl transferase and acetylcholine esterase","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Fonnum","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.09-02-00426.1989","article-title":"Postnatal development of glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurotransmitter phenotypes in the visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus, pulvinar, and superior colliculus in cats","volume":"9","author":"Fosse","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-07-02179.1996","article-title":"Expression of the putative vesicular acetylcholine transporter in rat brain and localization in cholinergic synaptic vesicles","volume":"16","author":"Gilmor","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903330108","article-title":"Immunocytochemical study of GABAA receptors in the cat visual cortex","volume":"333","author":"Gu","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20432","article-title":"Astrocytic localization of kynurenine aminotransferase II in the rat brain visualized by immunocytochemistry","volume":"55","author":"Guidetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01984.x","article-title":"Glutamate transport, glutamine synthetase and phosphate-activated glutaminase in rat CNS white matter. A quantitative study","volume":"87","author":"Hassel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198401000-00001","article-title":"Topography of the magnocellular basal forebrain system in human brain","volume":"43","author":"Hedreen","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-04-02383.1994","article-title":"GABAA receptor subunit immunoreactivity in primate visual cortex: distribution in macaques and humans and regulation by visual input in adulthood","volume":"14","author":"Hendry","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2007.01.002","article-title":"High-affinity glycine and glutamate transport in pig forebrain white and gray matter: a quantitative study","volume":"50","author":"Henjum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2006.09.004","article-title":"High-affinity GABA uptake and GABA-metabolizing enzymes in pig forebrain white matter: a quantitative study","volume":"50","author":"Henjum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902340103","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase in rat cerebral cortex: a study of cholinergic neurons and synapses","volume":"234","author":"Houser","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1379.021","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of normal appearing white matter and its correlation with cognitive functioning in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"1097","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(79)90009-2","article-title":"High affinity choline transport and acetyl-CoA production in brain and their roles in the regulation of acetylcholine synthesis","volume":"180","author":"Jope","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04302","article-title":"NMDA receptors are expressed in oligodendrocytes and activated in ischaemia","volume":"438","author":"K\u00e1rad\u00f3ttir","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5414","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)43617-X","article-title":"Effects of energy metabolism on in vivo distribution on hexokinase","volume":"248","author":"Knull","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01205159","article-title":"Cytology and time of origin of interstitial neurons in the white matter in infant and adult human and monkey telencephalon","volume":"9","author":"Kostovic","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1097\/00001504-200503000-00004","article-title":"Evidence for white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia","volume":"18","author":"Kubicki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1850","article-title":"Vesicular glutamate release from axons in white matter","volume":"10","author":"Kukley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib25","first-page":"675","article-title":"Review of the value of gacyclidine (GK-11) as adjuvant medication to conventional treatments of organophosphate poisoning: primate experiments mimicking various scenarios of military or terrorist attack by soman","volume":"20","author":"Lallement","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1640339","article-title":"Development of mitochondrial energy metabolism in rat brain","volume":"164","author":"Land","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf160","article-title":"Nicotinic receptor abnormalities in the cerebellar cortex in autism","volume":"125","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1081\/DDC-120005622","article-title":"The transport of choline","volume":"28","author":"Lockman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04103.x","article-title":"Oligodendroglial metabotropic glutamate receptors are developmentally regulated and involved in the prevention of apoptosis","volume":"99","author":"Luyt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(06)78008-4","article-title":"Schizophrenia and the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor","volume":"78","author":"Martin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04474","article-title":"NMDA receptors mediate calcium accumulation in myelin during chemical ischaemia","volume":"439","author":"Micu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2007.01.003","article-title":"Evidence for a higher glycolytic than oxidative metabolic activity in white matter of rat brain","volume":"50","author":"Morland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02248669","article-title":"Uptake and regional distribution of (+)-(R)- and (\u2212)-(S)-N-[methyl-11C]-nicotine in the brains of rhesus monkey. An attempt to study nicotinic receptors in vivo","volume":"1","author":"Nordberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neural. Transm. Park. Dis. Dement. Sect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244748","article-title":"PET studies of the uptake of (S)- and (R)-[11C]nicotine in the human brain: difficulties in visualizing specific receptor binding in vivo","volume":"115","author":"Nyback","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(96)12889-5","article-title":"An evaluation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation by quaternary nitrogen compounds indicates that choline is selective for the 7 subtype","volume":"213","author":"Papke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.1994.61-319","article-title":"Neurology and neuropathology of Soman-induced brain injury: an overview","volume":"61","author":"Petras","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Anal. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300302","article-title":"Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor distribution in Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease, and vascular dementia: in vitro binding study using 5-[125I]-A-85380","volume":"29","author":"Pimlott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-01-00062.1990","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 and 3H-hemicholinium-3 binding sites in rat brain: a potential second-messenger role for fatty acids in the regulation of high-affinity choline uptake","volume":"10","author":"Saltarelli","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.12.2249","article-title":"Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain","volume":"121","author":"Selden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00524-1","article-title":"Infracortical interstitial cells concurrently expressing m2-muscarinic receptors, acetylcholinesterase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase in the human and monkey cerebral cortex","volume":"84","author":"Smiley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1981.tb04675.x","article-title":"beta-Hydroxybutyrate as a precursor to the acetyl moiety of acetylcholine","volume":"37","author":"Sterling","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1978.tb20954.x","article-title":"Isolation of organic anions by extraction with liquid anion exchangers and its application to micromethods for acetylcholinesterase and 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase","volume":"91","author":"Sterri","year":"1978","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1980.tb12511.x","article-title":"Acetyl-CoA synthesizing enzymes in cholinergic nerve terminals","volume":"35","author":"Sterri","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524043479220","article-title":"White matter injury mechanisms","volume":"4","author":"Stys","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-12-04237.2001","article-title":"Ampa\/kainate receptor activation mediates hypoxic oligodendrocyte death and axonal injury in cerebral white matter","volume":"21","author":"Tekk\u00f6k","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1987.tb02912.x","article-title":"Changes in extracellular amino acids during soman- and kainic acid-induced seizures","volume":"49","author":"Wade","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(81)90004-6","article-title":"Cholinergic neurons in the caudate-putamen complex proper are intrinsically organized: a combined Evans blue and acetylcholinesterase analysis","volume":"7","author":"Woolf","year":"1981","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340312","article-title":"Neurological cholinesterases in the normal brain and in Alzheimer's disease: relationship to plaques, tangles, and patterns of selective vulnerability","volume":"34","author":"Wright","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000219625.77625.aa","article-title":"Voxel-based detection of white matter abnormalities in mild Alzheimer disease","volume":"66","author":"Xie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21024","article-title":"Human brain structural change related to acute single exposure to sarin","volume":"61","author":"Yamasue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1854","article-title":"Vesicular release of glutamate from unmyelinated axons in white matter","volume":"10","author":"Ziskin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Neurochemistry International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0197018608001009?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0197018608001009?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T21:38:33Z","timestamp":1631482713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0197018608001009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0197018608001009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2008.06.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-0186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-0186","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}}}