{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:43:31Z","timestamp":1791189811660,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]],"date-time":"2013-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochemistry International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T00:22:05Z","timestamp":1365034925000},"page":"1039-1047","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Mucuna pruriens seed extract reduces oxidative stress in nigrostriatal tissue and improves neurobehavioral activity in paraquat-induced Parkinsonian mouse model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Satyndra Kumar","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shikha","family":"Chouhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surya Pratap","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0005","first-page":"073","article-title":"Effect of Mucuna pruriens on some haematological and biochemical parameters","volume":"3","author":"Adepoju","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Plant. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0810459","article-title":"Cellular basis of defective sperm function and its association with the genesis of reactive oxygen species by human spermatozoa","volume":"81","author":"Aitken","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1021\/tx9501445","article-title":"Oxidative damage and tyrosine nitration from peroxynitrite","volume":"9","author":"Beckman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chem. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1038\/81834","article-title":"Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Betarbet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)01192-5","article-title":"PQ elicited neurobehavioral syndrome caused by dopaminergic neuron loss","volume":"823","author":"Brooks","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0030","series-title":"Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants","author":"Chopra","year":"1956"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1998.tb01434.x","article-title":"PQ: a useful tool for the in vivo study of mechanisms of neuronal cell death","volume":"83","author":"Corasaniti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)63210-0","article-title":"Nitric oxide in neurodegeneration","volume":"118","author":"Dawson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0045","series-title":"The Basis of Toxicology Testing","author":"Ecobichon","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(01)00485-X","article-title":"A simple method to measure stride length as an index of nigrostriatal dysfunction in mice","volume":"113","author":"Fernagut","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1099642","article-title":"Alkaloids of Mucuna pruriens chemistry and pharmacology","volume":"19","author":"Ghosal","year":"1971","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711053105","article-title":"The phosphorylation state of Ser-129 in human alpha- synuclein determines neurodegeneration in a rat model of Parkinson disease","volume":"105","author":"Gorbatyuk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(96)68016-1","article-title":"Measurement of nitrate and nitrite in biological samples using nitrate reductase and Greiss reaction","volume":"268","author":"Granger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-010-0176-5","article-title":"Involvement of nitric oxide in maneb and pq induced Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotype in mouse: is there any link with lipid peroxidation?","volume":"35","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1991.tb03468.x","article-title":"Mechanism of PQ-stimulated lipid peroxidation in mouse brain and pulmonary microsomes","volume":"43","author":"Hara","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08170.x","article-title":"Iron and aluminum increase in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: an X-ray microanalysis","volume":"56","author":"Hirsch","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0085","first-page":"249","article-title":"In Parkinson\u2019s disease study group HP-200: an \u2018alternative medicine\u2019 treatment for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"1","author":"HP-200","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complem. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0090","unstructured":"Huisden, C.M., 2005. Nutraceutical and Nutritional properties of Mucuna pruriens. The Graduate School, Clayton College of Natural Health, USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0095","first-page":"123","article-title":"Physiological and performance effects on rats fed detoxified Mucuna pruriens","volume":"44","author":"Huisden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Caribbean Food Crops Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1494","article-title":"The evaluation of nitric oxide scavenging activity of certain herbal formulations in vitro: a preliminary study","volume":"18","author":"Jagetia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-100100926","article-title":"Mechanisms of toxicity, clinical features, and management of diquat poisoning: a review","volume":"38","author":"Jones","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0115","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of zinc and PQ co-exposure on neurodegeneration: modulation of oxidative stress and expression of metallothioneins, toxicant responsive and transporter genes in rats","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radical Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0120","first-page":"2063","article-title":"In vitro antioxidant activity of various extracts of whole plant of Mucuna pruriens (Linn)","volume":"2","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm Tech Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6.1583","article-title":"Environmental risk factors and Parkinson\u2019s disease: a case-control study in Taiwan","volume":"48","author":"Liou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20598","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reduces oxidative stress and protects dopaminergic neurons in a 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinsonism","volume":"81","author":"Lopez-Real","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C100560200","article-title":"The herbicide PQ causes up-regulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein in mice PQ and alpha-synuclein","volume":"277","author":"Manning-Bog","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1514","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of antiparkinson drug Mucuna pruriens","volume":"18","author":"Manyam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.1.279","article-title":"Environmental risk factors for Parkinson\u2019s disease in an urban multiethenic community","volume":"50","author":"Marder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0155","first-page":"92","article-title":"Indian medicinal plants-V","volume":"6","author":"Mehta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2004.08.045","article-title":"Alkaloidal constituents present in Mucuna pruriens seeds","volume":"65","author":"Misra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0165","first-page":"56","article-title":"Extractions of bioactive principles from Mucuna pruriens seeds","volume":"44","author":"Misra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10918","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.191107398","article-title":"An AAV-derived Apaf-1 dominant negative inhibitor prevents MPTP toxicity as antiapoptotic gene therapy for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"98","author":"Mochizuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.06.018","article-title":"Enhanced neuroprotective effect by combination of bromocriptine and Hypericum perforatum extract against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice","volume":"249","author":"Mohanasundari","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1994.tb01655.x","article-title":"Risk-factors for Parkinson\u2019s disease: case-control study in the province of Caceres","volume":"89","author":"Morano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spain Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.7.12.1693","article-title":"Molecular pathways and genetic aspects of Parkinson\u2019s disease: from bench to bedside","volume":"7","author":"Napoli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0190","first-page":"7","article-title":"Pathophysiologic basis of surgery for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"55","author":"Obeso","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","article-title":"Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction","volume":"95","author":"Ohkawa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-962789","article-title":"Lecithin from Mucuna pruriens","volume":"53","author":"Panikkar","year":"1987","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-008-9060-9","article-title":"Gene expression profiles in mouse striatum in control and maneb + PQ-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotype: validation of differentially expressed energy metabolizing transcripts","volume":"40","author":"Patel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-5846(88)90038-3","article-title":"Regional specialization of motor functions in the rat striatum: implications for the treatment of Parkinsonism","volume":"12","author":"Pisa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopha. Biol. Psychiat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/09637480020027264","article-title":"Some nutritional properties of the seeds of three Mucuna pruriens species","volume":"52","author":"Prakash","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-013-1005-4","article-title":"Neuroprotective role of Withania somnifera root extract in Maneb-Paraquat induced mouse model of Parkinsonism","author":"Prakash","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0225","first-page":"699","article-title":"The chemistry of peroxynitrite a product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide","volume":"268","author":"Pryor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.2478\/s11658-007-0015-0","article-title":"The Neuroprotective Effect of Withania somnifera root extract in MPTP-intoxicated mice. An analysis of behavioral and biochemical variables","volume":"12","author":"Rajasankar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0235","first-page":"285","article-title":"Mucuna pruriensDC. Part V. Alkaloidal constituents and their characterization","volume":"18","author":"Rakshit","year":"1956","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0240","first-page":"157","article-title":"Mucuna pruriens Linn\u2014a comprehensive review","volume":"1","author":"Sathiyanarayanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70327-7","article-title":"Mitochondria in the aetiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Schapira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.7.1328","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and exposure to agricultural work and pesticide chemicals","volume":"42","author":"Semchuk","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-0102(03)00163-9","article-title":"PQ leads to dopaminergic neural vulnerability in organotypic midbrain culture","volume":"46","author":"Shimizu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.02.023","article-title":"Nicotine and caffeine-mediated modulation in the expression of toxicant responsive genes and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 in 1-methyl 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineinduced Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotype in mouse","volume":"1207","author":"Singh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2009.0850","article-title":"The expression of CYP2D22, an ortholog of human CYP2D6, in mouse striatum and its modulation in 1-methyl 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineinduced Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotype and nicotine-mediated neuroprotection","volume":"12","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfr115","article-title":"Nigrostriatal proteomics of cypermethrin-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration: microglial activation-dependent and independent regulations","volume":"122","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-011-8225-x","article-title":"Melatonin as a neuroprotective agent in the rodent models of Parkinson\u2019s disease: is it all set to irrefutable clinical translation?","volume":"45","author":"Singhal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(72)90132-7","article-title":"Colorimetric assay of catalase","volume":"47","author":"Sinha","year":"1972","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0295","series-title":"Neurochemistry of Metabolic Diseases-Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Phenylketonuria and Canavan Disease","author":"Surendran","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(89)90135-5","article-title":"The role of environmental toxins in the etiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Tanner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02496-3","article-title":"Potentiated and preferential effects of combined paraquat and maneb on nigrostriatal dopamine systems: environmental risk factors for Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"873","author":"Thiruchelvam","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0310","first-page":"189","article-title":"Grid performance test to measure behavioral impairment in the MPTP-treated-mouse model of parkinsonism","volume":"123","author":"Tillerson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2010.512041","article-title":"Effects of cypermethrin on monoamine transporters, xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the rat nigrostriatal system","volume":"44","author":"Tiwari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0320","first-page":"11","article-title":"Antioxidant property of Mucuna pruriens Linn","volume":"80","author":"Tripathi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0325","first-page":"399","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of crude aqueous extract of Mangifera indica, carica papaya and sulphadoxine pyrimethamine on the mice infested with malaria parasite in vivo","volume":"11","author":"Uhegbu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Global J. Pure Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-004-0937-z","article-title":"Neurotoxicant induced animal models of Parkinson\u2019s disease: understanding the role of rotenone, maneb and paraquat in neurodegeneration","volume":"318","author":"Uversky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."}],"container-title":["Neurochemistry International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0197018613001083?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0197018613001083?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T02:58:36Z","timestamp":1539745116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0197018613001083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0197018613001083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2013.03.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-0186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-0186","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}}}