{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:28:07Z","timestamp":1784078887906,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000097","name":"National Center for Research Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR000117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000117"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Program","award":["I01BX003405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01BX003405"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/NIA","award":["K01AG040164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AG040164"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurochemistry International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]],"date-time":"2017-04-07T22:19:05Z","timestamp":1491603545000},"page":"117-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in CNS injury using Methylene Blue; still a magic bullet?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Hemendra J.","family":"Vekaria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lora","family":"Talley Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai-Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick G.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib1","first-page":"104","article-title":"Blood brain barrier permeability and acute inflammation in two models of traumatic brain injury in the immature rat: a preliminary report","volume":"71","author":"Adelson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir. Suppl."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4592","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4592-4597.2005","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro assessment of methylene blue on chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains reveals synergistic action with artemisinins","volume":"49","author":"Akoachere","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib3","first-page":"203","article-title":"Methemoglobinemia: a systematic review of the pathophysiology, detection, and treatment","volume":"83","author":"Ashurst","year":"2011","journal-title":"Del Med. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-9610com","article-title":"Methylene blue delays cellular senescence and enhances key mitochondrial biochemical pathways","volume":"22","author":"Atamna","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a04","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S525","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141527","article-title":"Therapeutic benefits of methylene blue on cognitive impairment during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion","volume":"42","author":"Auchter","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Alzheimers Dis."},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15370","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808115105","article-title":"Structure of the human voltage-dependent anion channel","volume":"105","author":"Bayrhuber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00139.2004","article-title":"Calcium, ATP, and ROS: a mitochondrial love-hate triangle","volume":"287","author":"Brookes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib8","first-page":"585","article-title":"Methylene blue as an antidote for cyanide and carbon monoxide poisoning","volume":"43","author":"Brooks","year":"1936","journal-title":"Sci. Mon."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.02.028","article-title":"Nitrogen disruption of synaptoneurosomes: an alternative method to isolate brain mitochondria","volume":"137","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2003.10.007","article-title":"Methylene blue improves brain oxidative metabolism and memory retention in rats","volume":"77","author":"Callaway","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1427.027","article-title":"Mitochondrial approaches for neuroprotection","volume":"1147","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.11.011","article-title":"Methylene blue protects liver oxidative capacity after gut ischaemia-reperfusion in the rat","volume":"45","author":"Collange","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surveillance for traumatic brain injury-related deaths\u2013United States, 1997-2007","volume":"60","author":"Coronado","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.01.019","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species and the modulation of stroke","volume":"38","author":"Crack","year":"2005","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"2016","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1126\/science.78.2016.145","article-title":"Sodium tetrathionate and methylene blue in cyanide and carbon monoxide poisoning","volume":"78","author":"Draize","year":"1933","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1054\/ceca.2000.0170","article-title":"Mitochondria and Ca(2+)in cell physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"28","author":"Duchen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib17","series-title":"Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations and Deaths 2002\u20132006","author":"Faul","year":"2010"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.44","article-title":"Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes","volume":"16","author":"Galluzzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.05.011","article-title":"Special issue: mitochondria and neurodegeneration","volume":"218","author":"Geddes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2004.05.022","article-title":"The contributions of Paul Ehrlich to infectious disease","volume":"54","author":"Gensini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65041704.x","article-title":"Glutamate release and free radical production following brain injury: effects of posttraumatic hypothermia","volume":"65","author":"Globus","year":"1995","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.03.071","article-title":"Calcium and mitochondria","volume":"567","author":"Gunter","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2016.07.006","article-title":"Methylene blue improves sensorimotor phenotype and decreases anxiety in parallel with activating brain mitochondria biogenesis in mid-age mice","volume":"113","author":"Gureev","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200115070-00005","article-title":"Pharmacological treatment of traumatic brain injury: a review of agents in development","volume":"15","author":"Hatton","year":"2001","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/109\/10\/0699","article-title":"Dosing and safety of cyclosporine in patients with severe brain injury","volume":"109","author":"Hatton","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001045","article-title":"Methylene blue: magic bullet for vasoplegia?","volume":"122","author":"Hosseinian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib27","first-page":"S47","article-title":"Secondary injury and acidosis","volume":"9","author":"Hovda","year":"1992","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.01.027","article-title":"Methylene blue potentiates stimulus-evoked fMRI responses and cerebral oxygen consumption during normoxia and hypoxia","volume":"72","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.11.2723","article-title":"Systematic review of diffusion and perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"31","author":"Keir","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/74994","article-title":"Mitochondrial control of cell death","volume":"6","author":"Kroemer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4127","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310341200","article-title":"Characterization of superoxide-producing sites in isolated brain mitochondria","volume":"279","author":"Kudin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-015-0201-x","article-title":"Structure and function of mitochondrial membrane protein complexes","volume":"13","author":"Kuhlbrandt","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4628","article-title":"Synaptic mitochondria sustain more damage than non-synaptic mitochondria after traumatic brain injury and are protected by cyclosporine a","volume":"34","author":"Kulbe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066606290671","article-title":"Use of methylene blue in sepsis: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Kwok","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2004.07.021","article-title":"Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction in traumatic brain injury","volume":"1","author":"Lifshitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mitochondria"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46585","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046585","article-title":"Methylene blue as a cerebral metabolic and hemodynamic enhancer","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3248","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.7.3248","article-title":"Saturation of, and competition for entry into, the apical secretory pathway","volume":"97","author":"Marmorstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib38","series-title":"Central nervous System Injury Surveillance. Data Submission Standards- 2002","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000221261.25310.fe","article-title":"The hemodynamic effects of methylene blue when administered at the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"103","author":"Maslow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2009.1012","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of cyclosporin a in severe traumatic brain injury patients: results from a prospective randomized trial","volume":"26","author":"Mazzeo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.09.025","article-title":"Attenuation of acute mitochondrial dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in mice by NIM811, a non-immunosuppressive cyclosporin A analog","volume":"209","author":"Mbye","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.06.054","article-title":"Mitochondria: more than just a powerhouse","volume":"16","author":"McBride","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.05.017","article-title":"Position statement: definition of traumatic brain injury","volume":"91","author":"Menon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.1.315","article-title":"Mitochondria and neuronal survival","volume":"80","author":"Nicholls","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07813.x","article-title":"Glutamate excitotoxicity and neuronal energy metabolism","volume":"893","author":"Nicholls","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2005.08.017","article-title":"Cryopreservation of brain mitochondria: a novel methodology for functional studies","volume":"152","author":"Nukala","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2009.04.034","article-title":"Methylene blue and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"78","author":"Oz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.30.7.702","article-title":"Methylene blue for the treatment of septic shock","volume":"30","author":"Paciullo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2006.3673","article-title":"Post-injury administration of mitochondrial uncouplers increases tissue sparing and improves behavioral outcome following traumatic brain injury in rodents","volume":"24","author":"Pandya","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2009.05.023","article-title":"The optimal dosage and window of opportunity to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis following traumatic brain injury using the uncoupler FCCP","volume":"218","author":"Pandya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fnene.2013.00010","article-title":"Concentration dependent effect of calcium on brain mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative stress parameters","volume":"5","author":"Pandya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Neuroenergetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.04.020","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine amide confers neuroprotection, improves bioenergetics and behavioral outcome following TBI","volume":"257","author":"Pandya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.02.027","article-title":"Age- and brain region-specific differences in mitochondrial bioenergetics in Brown Norway rats","volume":"42","author":"Pandya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3816-2_32","article-title":"Advanced and high-throughput method for mitochondrial bioenergetics evaluation in neurotrauma","volume":"1462","author":"Pandya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.04.026","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine amide preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics and improves functional recovery following spinal trauma","volume":"257C","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib56","series-title":"Pediatric Epilepsy : Diagnosis and Therapy","author":"Pellock","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280000124","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of intravenous and oral methylene blue","volume":"56","author":"Peter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48279","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048279","article-title":"Neuroprotective actions of methylene blue and its derivatives","volume":"7","author":"Poteet","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.1755","article-title":"Post-injury administration of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore inhibitor, NIM811, is neuroprotective and improves cognition after traumatic brain injury in rats","volume":"28","author":"Readnower","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.02.001","article-title":"Memory facilitation by methylene blue: dose-dependent effect on behavior and brain oxygen consumption","volume":"511","author":"Riha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib61","first-page":"13","article-title":"Mitochondria as sensors and regulators of calcium signalling","author":"Rizzuto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2011.10.007","article-title":"Neurometabolic mechanisms for memory enhancement and neuroprotection of methylene blue","volume":"96","author":"Rojas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2011.03.007","article-title":"Analysis of regional brain mitochondrial bioenergetics and susceptibility to mitochondrial inhibition utilizing a microplate based system","volume":"198","author":"Sauerbeck","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1124\/mi.8.6.1","article-title":"Something old\u2026 something blue","volume":"8","author":"Scheindlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Interv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(01)00142-5","article-title":"Energy metabolism, stress hormones and neural recovery from cerebral ischemia\/hypoxia","volume":"41","author":"Schurr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600297","article-title":"Time course of post-traumatic mitochondrial oxidative damage and dysfunction in a mouse model of focal traumatic brain injury: implications for neuroprotective therapy","volume":"26","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2008.2331","article-title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in excitable cells: modulators of mitochondrial and cell function","volume":"11","author":"Stowe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a03","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2005.08.004","article-title":"Interventions with neuroprotective agents: novel targets and opportunities","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.789","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury alters synaptic homeostasis: implications for impaired mitochondrial and transport function","volume":"15","author":"Sullivan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7197","article-title":"Cyclosporin A attenuates acute mitochondrial dysfunction following traumatic brain injury","volume":"160","author":"Sullivan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7282","article-title":"Continuous infusion of cyclosporin A postinjury significantly ameliorates cortical damage following traumatic brain injury","volume":"161","author":"Sullivan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00380-8","article-title":"Dose-response curve and optimal dosing regimen of cyclosporin A after traumatic brain injury in rats","volume":"101","author":"Sullivan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)02968-2","article-title":"Cytochrome c release and caspase activation after traumatic brain injury","volume":"949","author":"Sullivan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20130","article-title":"Intrinsic differences in brain and spinal cord mitochondria: implication for therapeutic interventions","volume":"474","author":"Sullivan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Comp. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBB.0000041767.30992.19","article-title":"Mitochondrial uncoupling as a therapeutic target following neuronal injury","volume":"36","author":"Sullivan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Bioenerg. Biomembr."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20292","article-title":"Mitochondrial permeability transition in CNS trauma: cause or effect of neuronal cell death?","volume":"79","author":"Sullivan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1646","article-title":"Therapeutic window analysis of the neuroprotective effects of cyclosporine A after traumatic brain injury","volume":"28","author":"Sullivan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3193","article-title":"Methylene blue is neuroprotective against mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"31","author":"Talley Watts","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.3904","article-title":"Delayed methylene blue improves lesion volume, multi-parametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging measurements, and behavioral outcome after traumatic brain injury","volume":"33","author":"Talley Watts","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib80","series-title":"Report to Congress on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Steps to Prevent a Serious Public Health Problem","author":"TBI","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib81","series-title":"Report to Congress on Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Understanding the Public Health Problem Among Current and Former Military Personnel","author":"The CDC, NIH, DoD and VA Leadership Panel","year":"2013"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200318797","article-title":"D-beta-hydroxybutyrate rescues mitochondrial respiration and mitigates features of Parkinson disease","volume":"112","author":"Tieu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.93.5.0815","article-title":"Impaired cerebral mitochondrial function after traumatic brain injury in humans","volume":"93","author":"Verweij","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1990.7.21","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolism following traumatic brain injury in rats","volume":"7","author":"Vink","year":"1990","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2015.12.011","article-title":"Cellular and subcellular oxidative stress parameters following severe spinal cord injury","volume":"8","author":"Visavadiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181684be4","article-title":"Adverse effects of methylene blue on the central nervous system","volume":"108","author":"Vutskits","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2002.14.5.431","article-title":"Methylene Blue\u2013a therapeutic dye for all seasons?","volume":"14","author":"Wainwright","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Chemother."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci3020540","article-title":"Stroke neuroprotection: targeting mitochondria","volume":"3","author":"Watts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16504","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.208447","article-title":"Alternative mitochondrial electron transfer as a novel strategy for neuroprotection","volume":"286","author":"Wen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1403.016","article-title":"Neuro- and cardioprotective effects of blockade of nitric oxide action by administration of methylene blue","volume":"1122","author":"Wiklund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2007.02.018","article-title":"The brain metabolic enhancer methylene blue improves discrimination learning in rats","volume":"86","author":"Wrubel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2013.00056","article-title":"Methylene blue induces macroautophagy through 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway to protect neurons from serum deprivation","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.02.007","article-title":"Mitochondrial specific therapeutic targets following brain injury","volume":"1640","author":"Yonutas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Neurochemistry International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S019701861730058X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S019701861730058X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T20:08:15Z","timestamp":1569010095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S019701861730058X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"references-count":93,"alternative-id":["S019701861730058X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-0186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-0186","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in CNS injury using Methylene Blue; still a magic bullet?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurochemistry International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2017.04.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}