{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T12:47:59Z","timestamp":1790945279704,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]],"date-time":"2009-02-05T09:54:35Z","timestamp":1233827675000},"page":"54-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Differential hippocampal pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital and carbamazepine in repetitive seizures induced by 3-mercaptopropionic acid"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"453","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"H\u00f6cht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Lazarowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9lida N.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos A.","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier A.W.","family":"Opezzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Taira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Girardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2006.07.038","article-title":"Differences in the transport of the antiepileptic drugs phenytoin, levetiracetam and carbamazepine by human and mouse P-glycoprotein","volume":"52","author":"Baltes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2008.01.003","article-title":"The influence of C3435T polymorphism of ABCB1 gene on penetration of phenobarbital across the blood-brain barrier in patients with generalized epilepsy","volume":"17","author":"Basic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib3","series-title":"Microdialysis in the Neurosciences","first-page":"81","article-title":"Practical aspects of using microdialysis for determination of brain interstitial concentrations","author":"Benveniste","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200104123441507","volume":"344","author":"Browne","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00960.x","article-title":"Development of a humanized in vitro blood-brain barrier model to screen for brain penetration of antiepileptic drugs","volume":"48","author":"Cucullo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP38069","article-title":"P-glycoprotein: a defense mechanism limiting oral bioavailability and CNS accumulation of drugs","volume":"38","author":"Fromm","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020708603495","article-title":"Modification of 3H-MK801 binding to rat brain NMDA receptors after the administration of a convulsant drug and an adenosine analogue. A quantitative autoradiographic study","volume":"23","author":"Giraldez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NERE.0000013739.15160.a8","article-title":"Astrocytic response in hippocampus and cerebral cortex in an experimental epilepsy model in rat","volume":"29","author":"Girardi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.11.075","article-title":"Nimodipine restores the altered hippocampal phenytoin pharmacokinetics in a refractory epileptic model","volume":"413","author":"H\u00f6cht","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0731-7085(02)00652-0","article-title":"Validation of a new intraarterial microdialysis shunt probe for the estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters","volume":"31","author":"H\u00f6cht","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(92)90149-D","article-title":"Stereoisomers of calcium antagonists which differ markedly in their potencies as calcium blockers are equally effective in modulating drug transport by P-glycoprotein","volume":"43","author":"Hollt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CEMN.0000012726.43842.d2","article-title":"Neuronal and glial expression of the multidrug resistance gene product in an experimental epilepsy model","volume":"24","author":"Lazarowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell. Biol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2174\/157488506778194910","article-title":"Multidrug-resistance (MDR) proteins develops refractory epilepsy phenotype: clinical and experimental evidences","volume":"1","author":"Lazarowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.01.062","article-title":"Attenuated function and expression of P-glycoprotein at blood-brain barrier and increased brain distribution of phenobarbital in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice","volume":"561","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.07.012","article-title":"Increased P-glycoprotein expression and decreased phenobarbital distribution in the brain of pentylenetetrazole-kindled rats","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1728","article-title":"Drug resistance in brain disease and the role of drug efflux transporters","volume":"6","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.08.032","article-title":"Several major antiepileptic drugs are substrates for human P-glycoprotein","volume":"55","author":"Luna-Tort\u00f3s","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.04.028","article-title":"Evaluation of the role of P-glycoprotein in the uptake of paroxetine, clozapine, phenytoin and carbamazapine by bovine retinal endothelial cells","volume":"49","author":"Maines","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib19","unstructured":"National Research Council, Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, A report of the institute of laboratory animal resource committee on the care and use of laboratory animals, NIH Publication No. 85-23, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 1985."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2001.01359.x","article-title":"Carbamazepine is not a substrate for P-glycoprotein","volume":"51","author":"Owen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3330351","article-title":"Multidrug resistance transporter Pglycoprotein has distinct but interacting binding sites for cytotoxic drugs and reversing agents","volume":"333","author":"Pascaud","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib22","series-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2003.22603.x","article-title":"Brain access and anticonvulsant efficacy of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and felbamate in ABCC2\/MRP2-deficient TR-rats","volume":"44","author":"Potschka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3557","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200111160-00037","article-title":"P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein are involved in the regulation of extracellular levels of the major antiepileptic drug carbamazepine in the brain","volume":"12","author":"Potschka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00423-8","article-title":"P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of phenobarbital, lamotrigine, and felbamate at the blood\u2013brain barrier: evidence from microdialysis experiments in rats","volume":"327","author":"Potschka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00504.x","article-title":"Comparison of brain extracellular fluid, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and serum concentrations of antiepileptic drugs measured intraoperatively in patients with intractable epilepsy","volume":"47","author":"Rambeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(98)00106-5","article-title":"Clinical aspects and biological bases of drug resistant epilepsies","volume":"34","author":"Regesta","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh682","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanism of pharmacoresistance in epilepsy","volume":"129","author":"Remy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.09.014","article-title":"Exploring the possible interaction between anti-epilepsy drugs and multidrug efflux pumps; in vitro observations","volume":"598","author":"Rivers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5833","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-14-05833.2002","article-title":"Limbic seizures induce P-glycoprotein in rodent Varin: functional implications for pharmacoresistance","volume":"22","author":"Rizzi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.108.046680","article-title":"P-glycoprotein \u2013 a clinical target in drug-refractory epilepsy?","volume":"73","author":"Robey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-5050(02)00511-5","article-title":"P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of antiepileptic drugs: preliminary studies in mdr1a knockout mice","volume":"3","author":"Sills","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1969.tb46402.x","article-title":"Convulsant activity of homocysteine and other short-chain mercaptoacids: protection therefrom","volume":"166","author":"Sprince","year":"1969","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib34","first-page":"66","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of the actions of anticonvulsants against different chemical convulsants","volume":"240","author":"Stone","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00968081","article-title":"Glycine potentiates the action of some anticonvulsant drugs in some seizure models","volume":"9","author":"Toth","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.68.10.1106","article-title":"Assessment of antiepileptic drugs as substrates for canine P-glycoprotein","volume":"68","author":"West","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2007.10.006","article-title":"P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of phenobarbital at the blood-brain barrier evidence from transport experiments in vitro","volume":"78","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394009001499?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394009001499?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]],"date-time":"2019-05-17T20:47:08Z","timestamp":1558126028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394009001499"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0304394009001499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.01.079","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}