{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:11:45Z","timestamp":1780575105489,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2016R1A2B4011333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2016R1A2B4011333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005326","name":"Yale University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002648","name":"Catholic University of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,23]],"date-time":"2016-12-23T00:20:46Z","timestamp":1482452446000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Mechanism of inhibition by chlorpromazine of the human pain threshold sodium channel, Nav1.7"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"639","author":[{"given":"Su-Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang June","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen G.","family":"Waxman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Sung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0005","first-page":"CD000284","article-title":"Chlorpromazine versus placebo for schizophrenia","author":"Adams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.09.028","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pain","volume":"139","author":"Basbaum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0015","first-page":"420","article-title":"The use of chlorpromazine in intractable pain associated with terminal carcinoma","volume":"75","author":"Campbell","year":"1956","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2011.00070","article-title":"Regulatory role of voltage-gated Na channel beta subunits in sensory neurons","volume":"2","author":"Chahine","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.162","article-title":"Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder: a molecular lesion of peripheral neurons","volume":"7","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq114","article-title":"Alternative splicing may contribute to time-dependent manifestation of inherited erythromelalgia","volume":"133","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain: J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01033.2006","article-title":"Differential slow inactivation and use-dependent inhibition of Nav1.8 channels contribute to distinct firing properties in IB4+ and IB4- DRG neurons","volume":"97","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.12.012","article-title":"Mexiletine-responsive erythromelalgia due to a new Na(v)1.7 mutation showing use-dependent current fall-off","volume":"216","author":"Choi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2004.01194.x","article-title":"Antipsychotic drug prescription for schizophrenia in East Asia: rationale for change","volume":"58","author":"Chong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05413","article-title":"An SCN9A channelopathy causes congenital inability to experience pain","volume":"444","author":"Cox","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9607","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-23-09607.1998","article-title":"Slow closed-state inactivation: a novel mechanism underlying ramp currents in cells expressing the hNE\/PN1 sodium channel","volume":"18","author":"Cummins","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2005.09.006","article-title":"Sodium channels and mechanisms of neuropathic pain","volume":"7","author":"Devor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2009.00719.x","article-title":"Voltage-gated sodium channels: therapeutic targets for pain","volume":"10","author":"Dib-Hajj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3404","article-title":"The Na(V)1.7 sodium channel: from molecule to man","volume":"14","author":"Dib-Hajj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/29.1.28","article-title":"Chlorpromazine as an adjuvant in the relief of chronic pain","volume":"29","author":"Dundee","year":"1957","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-7-92","article-title":"Intra- and interfamily phenotypic diversity in pain syndromes associated with a gain-of-function variant of NaV1.7","volume":"7","author":"Estacion","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.10.006","article-title":"SCN9A mutations in paroxysmal extreme pain disorder: allelic variants underlie distinct channel defects and phenotypes","volume":"52","author":"Fertleman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21678","article-title":"A novel Nav1.7 mutation producing carbamazepine-responsive erythromelalgia","volume":"65","author":"Fischer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2007.00790.x","article-title":"Loss-of-function mutations in the Nav1.7 gene underlie congenital indifference to pain in multiple human populations","volume":"71","author":"Goldberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8261","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-23-08261.2003","article-title":"Calmodulin binds to the C terminus of sodium channels Nav1.4 and Nav1.6 and differentially modulates their functional properties","volume":"23","author":"Herzog","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12255","article-title":"Chlorpromazine for the treatment of migraine in a pediatric emergency department","volume":"54","author":"Kanis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2016.09.115","article-title":"Trifluoperazine blocks the human cardiac sodium channel Nav1.5, independent of calmodulin","volume":"479","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2013.00137","article-title":"Beta1- and beta3- voltage-gated sodium channel subunits modulate cell surface expression and glycosylation of Nav1.7 in HEK293 cells","volume":"7","author":"Laedermann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12499","article-title":"The acute treatment of migraine in adults: the american headache society evidence assessment of migraine pharmacotherapies","volume":"55","author":"Marmura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00322a020","article-title":"Drug-protein interactions: binding of chlorpromazine to calmodulin, calmodulin fragments, and related calcium binding proteins","volume":"24","author":"Marshak","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(94)90193-7","article-title":"The use of chlorpromazine for symptom control in dying cancer patients","volume":"9","author":"McIver","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0135","first-page":"123","article-title":"Zotepine: preclinical tests predict antipsychotic efficacy and an atypical profile","volume":"32","author":"Needham","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1989.tb12662.x","article-title":"Modulation of sodium current kinetics by chlorpromazine in freshly-isolated striatal neurones of the adult guinea-pig","volume":"98","author":"Ogata","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp017906","article-title":"Differential block of sodium and calcium channels by chlorpromazine in mouse neuroblastoma cells","volume":"420","author":"Ogata","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414535997","article-title":"Canadian headache society systematic review and recommendations on the treatment of migraine pain in emergency settings","volume":"35","author":"Orr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)39215-3","article-title":"Differential inhibition of calmodulin-sensitive phosphodiesterase and Ca++-adenosine triphosphatase by chlorpromazine-linked calmodulin","volume":"243","author":"Prozialeck","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1973146978","article-title":"Effects of mode of management on plasma chlorpromazine in psychiatric patients","volume":"14","author":"Rivera-Calimlim","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(83)73196-8","article-title":"Phenothiazine analgesia in a patient with psychotic symptoms","volume":"24","author":"Schubert","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91508-7","article-title":"Chemical brain anatomy in schizophrenia","volume":"346","author":"Sedvall","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204700106","article-title":"Atypical antipsychotics: mechanism of action","volume":"47","author":"Seeman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/261717a0","article-title":"Antipsychotic drug doses and neuroleptic\/dopamine receptors","volume":"261","author":"Seeman","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00354.2006","article-title":"Inhibition of Nav1.7 and Nav1.4 sodium channels by trifluoperazine involves the local anesthetic receptor","volume":"96","author":"Sheets","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.127027","article-title":"A Nav1.7 channel mutation associated with hereditary erythromelalgia contributes to neuronal hyperexcitability and displays reduced lidocaine sensitivity","volume":"581","author":"Sheets","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881113478281","article-title":"Comparison of the anti-dopamine D(2) and anti-serotonin 5-HT(2A) activities of chlorpromazine bromperidol, haloperidol and second-generation antipsychotics parent compounds and metabolites thereof","volume":"27","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxf.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.4.1527","article-title":"Identification of PN1, a predominant voltage-dependent sodium channel expressed principally in peripheral neurons","volume":"94","author":"Toledo-Aral","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00091.2012","article-title":"Membrane properties and electrogenesis in the distal axons of small dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro","volume":"108","author":"Vasylyev","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00147-5","article-title":"The molecular pathophysiology of pain: abnormal expression of sodium channel genes and its contributions to hyperexcitability of primary sensory neurons","author":"Waxman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.11.9285481","article-title":"The Hill equation revisited: uses and misuses","volume":"11","author":"Weiss","year":"1997","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2003.012153","article-title":"Mutations in SCN9A encoding a sodium channel alpha subunit, in patients with primary erythermalgia","volume":"41","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.05.076","article-title":"The neuroleptic drug fluphenazine, blocks neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels","volume":"1106","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394016309995?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394016309995?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T20:36:31Z","timestamp":1749846991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394016309995"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0304394016309995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mechanism of inhibition by chlorpromazine of the human pain threshold sodium channel, Nav1.7","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.12.051","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}