{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:51:19Z","timestamp":1790661079238,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sun Pharmaceuticals"},{"name":"Karen Head"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,13]],"date-time":"2018-02-13T18:18:52Z","timestamp":1518545932000},"page":"120-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Calcium channel blocker use reduces incident dementia risk in elderly hypertensive patients: A meta-analysis of prospective studies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"671","author":[{"given":"Salman","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambrish","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Obaidur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anwar","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abul Kalam","family":"Najmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0005","unstructured":"Dementia World Health Organization. Available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs362\/en\/. Accessed on 24th August 2017."},{"issue":"9503","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67889-0","article-title":"Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study","volume":"366","author":"Ferri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0015","unstructured":"Addressing dementia: The OECD response. Available at: http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/sti\/dementia-brochure-2013.pdf. Accessed on 24th August 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0020","series-title":"The Economic Burden of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Dementia. Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","first-page":"57","author":"Wimo","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0025","series-title":"Alzheimer Report : The Global Prevalence of Dementia","author":"Ali","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.07.150","article-title":"The worldwide costs of dementia 2015 and comparisons with 2010","volume":"13","author":"Wimo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dementia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00096-8","article-title":"Midlife blood pressure and dementia: the Honolulu?Asia aging study","volume":"21","author":"Launer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51117.x","article-title":"Association between dementia and midlife risk factors: the radiation effects research foundation adult health study","volume":"51","author":"Yamada","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02096","article-title":"Temporal evolution of cognitive changes in incident hypertension: prospective cohort study across the adult age span","volume":"63","author":"K\u00f6hler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2011.00731.x","article-title":"Dementia, stroke, and vascular risk factors; a review","volume":"7","author":"Sahathevan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"issue":"9735","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60975-0","article-title":"Reducing the global burden of stroke: INTERSTROKE","volume":"376","author":"Tu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.159","article-title":"Vascular aspects of cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"33","author":"Wiesmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000868","article-title":"Diuretic antihypertensive drugs and incident dementia risk: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of prospective studies","volume":"34","author":"Tully","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.05.003","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin system blockade use and risks of cognitive decline and dementia: a meta-analysis","volume":"624","author":"Zhuang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001411","article-title":"Lower dementia risk with different classes of antihypertensive medication in older patients","volume":"35","author":"van Middelaar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.3109\/10641963.2016.1174249","article-title":"Amlodipine treatment of hypertension associates with a decreased dementia risk","volume":"38","author":"Feldman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Hypertens."},{"issue":"9137","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)03086-4","article-title":"Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial","volume":"352","author":"Forette","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000053","article-title":"Impact of hypertension on cognitive function: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"68","author":"Iadecola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.03.009","article-title":"Calcium channel blockers and risk of AD: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","volume":"26","author":"Yasar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000273","article-title":"A systematic review of calcium channel blocker use and cognitive decline\/dementia in the elderly","volume":"32","author":"Peters","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002946","article-title":"Dementia risk with antihypertensive use and blood pressure variability a cohort study","volume":"87","author":"Tully","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004593","article-title":"A 10-year follow-up study of the association between calcium channel blocker use and the risk of dementia in elderly hypertensive patients","volume":"95","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-0692","article-title":"Calcium-channel blockers and dementia risk in older adults\u2013national health insurance service\u2013senior cohort (2002\u20132013)","volume":"80","author":"Hwang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0120","series-title":"Calcium Channel Blocker Use and the Risk of Incident Dementia in Elderly Hypertensive Patients: a Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies","author":"Hussain","year":"2017"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0130","series-title":"The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality If Nonrandomized Studies in Meta-Analyses","author":"Wells","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0135","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.09.026","article-title":"Number of studies, heterogeneity, generalisability, and the choice of method for meta-analysis","volume":"381","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0145","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program], Version53 Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration (2014)."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.18.2046","article-title":"The prevention of dementia with antihypertensive treatment: new evidence from the Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) study","volume":"162","author":"Forette","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000345062.86148.3f","article-title":"Duration of antihypertensive drug use and risk of dementia A prospective cohort study","volume":"72","author":"Haag","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.63.5.noc60013","article-title":"Antihypertensive medication use and incident Alzheimer disease: the Cache County Study","volume":"63","author":"Khachaturian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a35228","article-title":"Antihypertensive drugs decrease risk of Alzheimer disease ginkgo evaluation of memory study","volume":"81","author":"Yasar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/787805","article-title":"Calcium channel blockers, progression to dementia, and effects on amyloid beta peptide production","volume":"2015","author":"Lovell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longevity"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3181bf325c","article-title":"Cognitive function and antihypertensive treatment in the elderly: a 6-year follow-up study","volume":"17","author":"Paran","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-017-0724-3","article-title":"Defining the relationship between hypertension, cognitive decline, and dementia: a review","volume":"19","author":"Walker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000149519.47454.F2","article-title":"Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life","volume":"64","author":"Whitmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0190","series-title":"APOE Gene-Based Haplotype Study in Alzheimer's Disease","author":"Yu","year":"2018"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0195","first-page":"P454","article-title":"GRIN1 genotypes and APOE gene haplotypes affect the age at onset of alzheimer's disease dementia but not cognitive or functional response to memantine","volume":"12","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1159\/000447585","article-title":"Associations of blood pressure with functional and cognitive changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"41","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01233.x","article-title":"Age-varying association between blood pressure and risk of dementia in those aged 65 and older: a community-based prospective cohort study","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.60.2.223","article-title":"Low blood pressure and risk of dementia in the Kungsholmen project: a 6-year follow-up study","volume":"60","author":"Qiu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000098934.18300.BE","article-title":"Low blood pressure and the risk of dementia in very old individuals","volume":"61","author":"Verghese","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-015-0230-6","article-title":"Antihypertensive drugs, prevention of cognitive decline and dementia: a systematic review of observational studies, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, with discussion of potential mechanisms","volume":"29","author":"Rouch","year":"2015","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0225","series-title":"Nimodipine for Primary Degenerative, Mixed and Vascular Dementia","author":"Birks","year":"2002"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12240","article-title":"Calcium channel blockers and dementia","volume":"169","author":"Nimmrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2007.00296.x","article-title":"The importance of being subtle: small changes in calcium homeostasis control cognitive decline in normal aging","volume":"6","author":"Toescu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-009-0736-1","article-title":"Calcium hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"459","author":"Berridge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pfl\u00fcgers Archiv-Eur. J. Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn960","article-title":"Calcium dyshomeostasis and intracellular signalling in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"3","author":"LaFerla","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2010.00180","article-title":"Selective antihypertensive dihydropyridines lower A\u03b2 accumulation by targeting both the production and the clearance of A\u03b2 across the blood-brain barrier","volume":"17","author":"Paris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.1998.0176","article-title":"Calcium responses in fibroblasts from asymptomatic members of Alzheimer's disease families","volume":"5","author":"Etcheberrigaray","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394018301034?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394018301034?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T20:22:24Z","timestamp":1759609344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394018301034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0304394018301034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Calcium channel blocker use reduces incident dementia risk in elderly hypertensive patients: A meta-analysis of prospective studies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.02.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}