{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T05:41:07Z","timestamp":1789882867757,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP15K16360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP15K16360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T12:37:52Z","timestamp":1539693472000},"page":"133887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cathodal tDCS on the motor area decreases the tactile threshold of the distal pulp of the hallux"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"719","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4074-099X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoshi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Ishii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nao","family":"Ichiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arito","family":"Yozu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Kohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.013","article-title":"Neural codes for somatosensory two-point discrimination in inferior parietal lobule: an fMRI study","volume":"40","author":"Akatsuka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.05.005","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex induces distinct changes in thermal and mechanical sensory percepts","volume":"121","author":"Bachmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2013.04.005","article-title":"a-tDCS differential modulation of corticospinal excitability: the effects of electrode size","volume":"6","author":"Bastani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.01.010","article-title":"Within-session repeated a-tDCS: the effects of repetition rate and inter-stimulus interval on corticospinal excitability and motor performance","volume":"125","author":"Bastani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(94)00226-5","article-title":"Mental representations of movements. Brain potentials associated with imagination of hand movements","volume":"96","author":"Beisteiner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-1130(12)80314-0","article-title":"Threshold detection and Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments","volume":"8","author":"Bell-Krotoski","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Hand Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-6-67","article-title":"Callosal connections of dorsal versus ventral premotor areas in the macaque monkey: a multiple retrograde tracing study","volume":"6","author":"Boussaoud","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.03.058","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation over Broca\u2019s region improves phonemic and semantic fluency in healthy individuals","volume":"183","author":"Cattaneo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800409332726","article-title":"Genome-wide screen identifies drug-induced regulation of the gene giant axonal neuropathy (Gan) in a mouse model of antiretroviral-induced painful peripheral neuropathy","volume":"11","author":"Dorsey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. Res. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2009.10.030","article-title":"Naming facilitation induced by transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"208","author":"Fertonani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.03.036","article-title":"The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor sequence learning and upper limb function after stroke","volume":"128","author":"Fleming","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00128","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices transiently improves tactile spatial discrimination in stroke patients","volume":"10","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2017.00173","article-title":"The effect of dual-hemisphere transcranial direct current stimulation over the parietal operculum on tactile orientation discrimination","volume":"11","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.12.100","article-title":"Dual-hemisphere transcranial direct current stimulation improves performance in a tactile spatial discrimination task","volume":"125","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9115","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2184-09.2009","article-title":"Modulation of cerebellar excitability by polarity-specific noninvasive direct current stimulation","volume":"29","author":"Galea","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2010.12.002","article-title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary sensory cortex on somatosensory perception","volume":"4","author":"Grundmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23101","article-title":"Behavioural and neurofunctional impact of transcranial direct current stimulation on somatosensory learning","volume":"37","author":"Hilgenstock","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1973.tb00801.x","article-title":"Quantification of sleepiness: a new approach","volume":"10","author":"Hoddes","year":"1973","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70525-7","article-title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation: a new strategy to improve neurorehabilitation after stroke?","volume":"5","author":"Hummel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn190","article-title":"Impaired tactile acuity in old age is accompanied by enlarged hand representations in somatosensory cortex","volume":"19","author":"Kalisch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-311242","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates motor learning post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"87","author":"Kang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00220-9","article-title":"Ipsilateral motor cortex activation on functional magnetic resonance imaging during unilateral hand movements is related to interhemispheric interactions","volume":"20","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.05.002","article-title":"Inter-subject variability in electric fields of motor cortical tDCS","volume":"8","author":"Laakso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.05.032","article-title":"Electric fields of motor and frontal tDCS in a standard brain space: a computer simulation study","volume":"137","author":"Laakso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248283","article-title":"Negative cortical DC shifts preceding and accompanying simple and complex sequential movements","volume":"74","author":"Lang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.02.004","article-title":"Inter-individual variability in response to non-invasive brain stimulation paradigms","volume":"7","author":"Lopez-Alonso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2003.10.045","article-title":"Short-term high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation decreases human motor cortex excitability","volume":"355","author":"Mima","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.04.009","article-title":"Modeling the current distribution during transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"117","author":"Miranda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.04.011","article-title":"Induction of late LTP-like plasticity in the human motor cortex by repeated non-invasive brain stimulation","volume":"6","author":"Monte-Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.135277","article-title":"Improved naming after transcranial direct current stimulation in aphasia","volume":"79","author":"Monti","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.10.003","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation ameliorates tactile sensory deficit in multiple sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Mori","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00083","article-title":"Finite-element model predicts current density distribution for clinical applications of tDCS and tACS","volume":"3","author":"Neuling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3109","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01312.2006","article-title":"Shaping the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of the human motor cortex","volume":"97","author":"Nitsche","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"Pt. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x","article-title":"Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"527","author":"Nitsche","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.10.1899","article-title":"Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans","volume":"57","author":"Nitsche","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","article-title":"The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory","volume":"9","author":"Oldfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200303240-00017","article-title":"Disinhibition of the contralateral motor cortex by low-frequency rTMS","volume":"14","author":"Plewnia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.12.001","article-title":"Improvement of spatial tactile acuity by transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"119","author":"Ragert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.09.003","article-title":"Enhancement of motor consolidation by post-training transcranial direct current stimulation in older people","volume":"49","author":"Rumpf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00342-5","article-title":"Modulation of excitability of human motor cortex (M1) by 1 Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation of the contralateral M1","volume":"114","author":"Schambra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.10.016","article-title":"Structural changes in brain morphology induced by brief periods of repetitive sensory stimulation","volume":"165","author":"Schmidt-Wilcke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00183","article-title":"A comparison between uni- and bilateral tDCS effects on functional connectivity of the human motor cortex","volume":"7","author":"Sehm","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0215","article-title":"Are participants aware of the type and intensity of transcranial direct current stimulation?","volume":"11","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123873","article-title":"A meta-analysis of site-specific effects of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation on sensory perception and pain","volume":"10","author":"Vaseghi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/11\/1\/016002","article-title":"Investigation of tDCS volume conduction effects in a highly realistic head model","volume":"11","author":"Wagner","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12132","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2320-07.2007","article-title":"Human motor corpus callosum: topography, somatotopy, and link between microstructure and function","volume":"27","author":"Wahl","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.02.003","article-title":"Variability in response to transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex","volume":"7","author":"Wiethoff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394018307080?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394018307080?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T20:30:10Z","timestamp":1759609810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394018307080"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0304394018307080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cathodal tDCS on the motor area decreases the tactile threshold of the distal pulp of the hallux","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.10.032","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"133887"}}