{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:57:22Z","timestamp":1780088242741,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T11:21:22Z","timestamp":1570620082000},"page":"134537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The impact of wellness on neural learning systems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"714","author":[{"given":"Francisco L.","family":"Colino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2016-5614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chad C.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9283-2813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cameron D.","family":"Hassall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Binsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olave E.","family":"Krigolson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/1069072707308140","article-title":"Does happiness promote career success?","volume":"16","author":"Boehm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Career Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PSY.0000077508.57784.DA","article-title":"Emotional style and susceptibility to the common cold","author":"Cohen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201100125","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of effects of wellness recovery action planning on depression, anxiety, and recovery","author":"Cook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2161-0029.2007.tb00034.x","article-title":"Mattering in the later years: older adults\u2019 experiences of mattering to others, purpose in life, depression, and wellness","author":"Dixon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adultspan J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.94.2.94.2.214","article-title":"I want to Be creative: exploring the role of hedonic contingency theory in the positive mood-cognitive flexibility link","author":"Hirt","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-015-9640-x","article-title":"Well-being\u2019s relation to religiosity and spirituality in children and adolescents in Zambia","author":"Holder","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Happiness Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.56","article-title":"The funds, friends, and faith of happy people","author":"Myers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/rel0000038","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and Religiosity\/Spirituality in emerging adolescents in India","author":"Santoro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Relig. Spiritual."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.86.2.320","article-title":"Resilient individuals use positive emotions to bounce back from negative emotional experiences","author":"Tugade","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-006-9042-1","article-title":"Healthy happiness: effects of happiness on physical health and the consequences for preventive health care","author":"Veenhoven","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Happiness Stud."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-11.3.208","article-title":"The conceptualization and measurement of perceived wellness: integrating balance across and within dimensions","volume":"11","author":"Adams","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Promot."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010112440883","article-title":"The six dimensions of wellness and cognition in aging adults","volume":"30","author":"Strout","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Holist. Nurs."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1891\/1061-3749.22.2.268","article-title":"Application of the Rasch model to measure five dimensions of wellness in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"22","author":"Strout","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Meas."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010114540322","article-title":"Five dimensions of wellness and predictors of cognitive health protection in community-dwelling older adults: a historical COLLAGE cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Strout","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Holist. Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14129","article-title":"Behavioral interventions in six dimensions of wellness that protect the cognitive health of community\u2010dwelling older adults: a systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Strout","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036551","article-title":"The dynamic relationship between cognitive function and positive well-being in older people: a prospective study using the English Longitudinal study of aging","volume":"29","author":"Allerhand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychol. Aging"},{"issue":"75","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0085","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mobility and cognition are associated with wellbeing and health related quality of life among older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Vancouver Falls Prevention Cohort","volume":"15","author":"Davis","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044860","article-title":"Cognitive function in childhood and lifetime cognitive change in relation to mental wellbeing in four cohorts of older people","author":"Gale","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.43.3.705","article-title":"Well-being affects changes in perceptual speed in advanced old age: longitudinal evidence for a dynamic link","volume":"43","author":"Gerstorf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"issue":"2287","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0100","first-page":"1","article-title":"The influence of personal well-being on learning achievement in university students over time: mediating or moderating effects of internal and external university engagement","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0105","article-title":"Mental health and academic success in college","volume":"9","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Econ. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2014.11.038","article-title":"Relationships between mental toughness and psychological wellbeing in undergraduate students","volume":"75","author":"Stamp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Dif."},{"issue":"B","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2017.11.007","article-title":"Event-related brain potentials and the study of reward processing: methodological considerations","volume":"132","author":"Krigolson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12370","article-title":"The reward positivity: from basic research on reward to a biomarker for depression","volume":"52","author":"Proudfit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.109.4.679","article-title":"The neural basis of human error processing: reinforcement learning, dopamine, and the error-related negativity","volume":"109","author":"Holroyd","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0130","volume":"135","author":"Sutton","year":"1998"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21128","article-title":"Learning to become an expert: reinforcement learning and the acquisition of perceptual expertise","volume":"21","author":"Krigolson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00509","article-title":"How we learn to make decisions: rapid propagation of reinforcement learning prediction errors in humans","volume":"26","author":"Krigolson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2017.10.010","article-title":"The applications of reward learning in the real world: changes in the reward positivity amplitude reflect learning in a medical education context","volume":"132","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."},{"issue":"1680","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.19793.1","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding the role of phasic dopamine activity","volume":"8","author":"Schultz","year":"2019","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.52.1.93","article-title":"An empirical investigation of a theoretically based measure of perceived wellness","volume":"52","author":"Harari","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Couns. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2016.23.4.6","article-title":"Validation of perceived wellness survey (PWS) in a sample of Iranian population","volume":"23","author":"Kaveh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malays. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357","article-title":"The psychophysics toolbox","author":"Brainard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spat Vis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009","article-title":"EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis","volume":"134","author":"Delorme","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0175","article-title":"An introduction to the event-related potential technique","author":"Luck","year":"2005","journal-title":"CEUR Workshop Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1006\/ceps.1999.1020","article-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: classic definitions and new directions","author":"Ryan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00561.x","article-title":"Reward prediction error signals associated with a modified time estimation task","volume":"44","author":"Holroyd","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0190","series-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"145","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0195","first-page":"1","article-title":"The emerging neuroscience of intrinsic motivation: a new frontier in self-determination research","volume":"11","author":"Di Domenico","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1238","article-title":"Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex shows fMRI response to internal and external error signals","volume":"7","author":"Holroyd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.043","article-title":"Activity in human reward-sensitive brain areas is strongly context dependent","author":"Nieuwenhuis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0210","article-title":"Human substantia nigra neurons encode unexpected financial rewards","volume":"80","author":"Zaghloul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.529","article-title":"A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition","author":"Ashby","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0220","series-title":"Educating the Human Brain","first-page":"7","article-title":"Education, psychology, and the brain","author":"Posner","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1108\/09654281011052655","article-title":"Wellness 101: health education for the university student","volume":"110","author":"Higgins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Educ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537_bib0230","first-page":"766","article-title":"University students\u2019 wellness - what difference can a course make?","volume":"43","author":"Higgins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Coll. Stud. J."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394019306408?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394019306408?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T20:27:31Z","timestamp":1759609651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394019306408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0304394019306408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The impact of wellness on neural learning systems","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134537","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"134537"}}