{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T01:33:23Z","timestamp":1781314403123,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]],"date-time":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]],"date-time":"2020-02-22T11:03:27Z","timestamp":1582369407000},"page":"134860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Disinhibition of sensory cortex in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"722","author":[{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Nardone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2055-0072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Golaszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aljoscha","family":"Thomschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Sebastianelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Versace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Brigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Orioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopold","family":"Saltuari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"H\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugen","family":"Trinka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0005","first-page":"137","article-title":"Plasma glutamate and glycine levels in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Andreadou","year":"2008","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2005.09.009","article-title":"Increased glutamine synthetase but normal EAAT2 expression in platelets of ALS patients","volume":"48","author":"Bos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.33.3.338","article-title":"The central nervous system in motor neurone disease","volume":"33","author":"Brownell","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0020","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deux nouveaux cas de scl\u00e9rose amyotrophique suivis d\u2019autopsie","volume":"10","author":"Charcot","year":"1885","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410220504","article-title":"Lowered cerebral glucose utilization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Dalakas","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(91)90111-G","article-title":"Recovery functions of fast frequency potentials in the initial negative wave of median SEP","volume":"78","author":"Emori","year":"1991","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.2.270","article-title":"Decreased platelet glutamate uptake in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"56","author":"Ferrarese","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182563b57","article-title":"Decreased motor cortex gamma-aminobutyric acid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"78","author":"Foerster","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.234","article-title":"An imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis revealed by use of 3-T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"70","author":"Foerster","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.12.001","article-title":"Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials and their high-frequency oscillations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"118","author":"Hamada","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1080\/21678421.2019.1570270","article-title":"Excitability in somatosensory cortex correlates with motoric impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"20","author":"H\u00f6ffken","year":"2019","journal-title":"Amyotroph. Lateral Scler. Frontotemporal Degener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0060","article-title":"The pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"7","author":"Holmes","year":"1909","journal-title":"Rev. Neurol. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00332.2001","article-title":"Synchronized spikes of thalamocortical axonal terminals and cortical neurons are detectable outside the pig brain with MEG","volume":"87","author":"Ikeda","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.3.655","article-title":"Cortical function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A positron emission tomography study","volume":"116","author":"Kew","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200008030-00051","article-title":"Propofol narcosis dissociates human intrathalamic and cortical high-frequency (>400 Hz) SEP components","volume":"11","author":"Klostermann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.11.2289","article-title":"Extramotor involvement in ALS: PET studies with the GABA(A) ligand [(11)C]flumazenil","volume":"123","author":"Lloyd","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3109\/21678421.2015.1049183","article-title":"WFN research group on ALS\/MND","volume":"16","author":"Ludolph","year":"2015","journal-title":"Amyotroph. Lateral Scler. Frontotemporal Degener."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq134","article-title":"Reduced GABAergic inhibition explains cortical hyperexcitability in the wobbler mouse model of ALS","volume":"21","author":"Nieto-Gonzalez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1177\/155005940503600406","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of the ultrafast activities","volume":"36","author":"Ozaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. E.G Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.05.023","article-title":"Exploring the physiology and function of high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) from the somatosensory cortex","volume":"122","author":"Ozaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/62.10.1041","article-title":"Distribution of GABAA receptor mRNA in the motor cortex of ALS patients","volume":"62","author":"Petri","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(93)90269-H","article-title":"Altered metabolism of excitatory amino acids, N-acetyl-aspartate and N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Plaitakis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05828.x","article-title":"Modulation of high-frequency (600 Hz) somatosensory-evoked potentials after rTMS of the primary sensory cortex","volume":"26","author":"Restuccia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199205283262204","article-title":"Decreased glutamate transport by the brain and spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [see comments]","volume":"326","author":"Rothstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1578","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005424","article-title":"Sensory cortex hyperexcitability predicts short survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"90","author":"Shimizu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.054429","article-title":"Abnormal cortical excitability in sporadic but not homozygous D90A SOD1 ALS","volume":"76","author":"Turner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0482-7","article-title":"Cortical involvement in four cases of primary lateral sclerosis using [(11)C]-flumazenil PET","volume":"254","author":"Turner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00291-2","article-title":"The effects of stimulus rates on high frequency oscillations of median nerve somatosensory-evoked potentials: direct recording study from the human cerebral cortex","volume":"113","author":"Urasaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl172","article-title":"Novel threshold tracking techniques suggest that cortical hyperexcitability is an early feature of motor neuron disease","volume":"129","author":"Vucic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394020301300?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394020301300?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T20:31:26Z","timestamp":1759609886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394020301300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S0304394020301300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Disinhibition of sensory cortex in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.134860","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"134860"}}