{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T21:11:17Z","timestamp":1759612277320,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T22:18:35Z","timestamp":1627510715000},"page":"136146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The effect of N-acetylcysteine and working memory training on glutamate concentrations in the dACC and rACC in regular cocaine users \u2013 A randomized proof of concept study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"762","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4295-1141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mieke H.J.","family":"Schulte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna E.","family":"Goudriaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wouter J.","family":"Boendermaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"van den Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4312-9766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinout W.","family":"Wiers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2515","article-title":"The glutamate homeostasis hypothesis of addiction","volume":"10","author":"Kalivas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.012484","article-title":"The nucleus accumbens: mechanisms of addiction across drug classes reflect the importance of glutamate homeostasis","volume":"68","author":"Scofield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.66","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine normalizes glutamate levels in cocaine-dependent patients: a randomized crossover magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"37","author":"Schmaal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2019.03.011","article-title":"The effect of N-acetylcysteine and working memory training on neural mechanisms of working memory and cue reactivity in regular cocaine users","volume":"287","author":"Schulte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res. \u2013 Neuroimag."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.03.029","article-title":"Chronic cigarette smoking in healthy middle-aged individuals is associated with decreased regional brain n-acetylaspartate and glutamate levels","volume":"79","author":"Durazzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.028","article-title":"\u03b3-Amino butyric acid and glutamate abnormalities in adolescent chronic marijuana smokers","volume":"129","author":"Prescot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.45","article-title":"Craving in alcohol-dependent patients after detoxification is related to glutamatergic dysfunction in the nucleus accumbens and the anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"38","author":"Bauer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-970144","article-title":"Regional cerebral glutamate concentrations and chronic tobacco consumption","volume":"40","author":"Gallinat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2010.00290.x","article-title":"MR spectroscopy in opiate maintenance therapy: association of glutamate with the number of previous withdrawals in the anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"17","author":"Hermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.74","article-title":"The association between cingulate cortex glutamate concentration and delay discounting is mediated by resting state functional connectivity","volume":"2","author":"Schmaal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881117730660","article-title":"The effect of N-acetylcysteine on brain glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid concentrations and on smoking cessation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Schulte","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03196323","article-title":"The role of prefrontal cortex in working-memory capacity, executive attention, and general fluid intelligence: an individual-differences perspective","volume":"9","author":"Kane","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychon. Bull. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582302001003001","article-title":"Motivation, working memory, and decision making: a cognitive-motivational theory of personality vulnerability to alcoholism","volume":"1","author":"Finn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Cogn. Neurosci. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2010.00144","article-title":"Impulsivity, impulsive and reflective processes and the development of alcohol use and misuse in adolescents and young adults","volume":"1","author":"Wiers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12900","article-title":"N -acetylcysteine reduces cocaine-seeking behavior and anterior cingulate glutamate\/glutamine levels among cocaine-dependent individuals","volume":"26","author":"Woodcock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0045","article-title":"Impaired glutamate homeostasis in the nucleus accumbens in human cocaine addiction","author":"Engeli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3045","article-title":"Glutamate and glutamine: a review of in vivo MRS in the human brain","volume":"26","author":"Ramadan","year":"2013","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2469486","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a review of current evidence","volume":"2018","author":"Ooi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2018.03.023","article-title":"Reprint of The effect of N-acetylcysteine and working memory training on cocaine use, craving and inhibition in regular cocaine users: correspondence of lab assessments and Ecological Momentary Assessment","volume":"83","author":"Schulte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.04.013","article-title":"The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on human cognition \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Skvarc","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.08.017","article-title":"Remember the future: working memory training decreases delay discounting among stimulant addicts","volume":"69","author":"Bickel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611412392","article-title":"Getting a grip on drinking behavior","volume":"22","author":"Houben","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13910","article-title":"Working memory training in alcohol use disorder: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"Khemiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.012","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of the effects of working memory training in methadone maintenance patients","volume":"156","author":"Rass","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol. Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0215","first-page":"160","article-title":"Working memory training improves alcohol users\u2019 episodic future thinking: a rate-dependent analysis","volume":"3","author":"Snider","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry: Cognitive Neurosci. Neuroimag."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2017.1372367","article-title":"The efficacy of a working memory training in substance use patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"40","author":"Wanmaker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01483-2","article-title":"Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"4","author":"Bush","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Cognitive Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36781","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036781","article-title":"The relationship between impulsive choice and impulsive action: a cross-species translational study","volume":"7","author":"Broos","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2019.03.011","article-title":"The effect of N-acetylcysteine and working memory training on neural mechanisms of working memory and cue reactivity in regular cocaine users","volume":"287","author":"Schulte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res. \u2013 Neuroimag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Factor structure of the barrat impulsiveness scale","volume":"51","author":"Patton","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.10.2.276","article-title":"On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction-time responses \u2013 A model and a method","volume":"10","author":"Logan","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol.-Hum. Percept. Perform."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00005491","article-title":"Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers","volume":"146","author":"Mitchell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2009.05.004","article-title":"Lower glutamate levels in rostral anterior cingulate of chronic cocaine users \u2014 a 1H-MRS study using TE-averaged PRESS at 3 T with an optimized quantification strategy","volume":"174","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res.: Neuroimag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018545","article-title":"Practicing self-control lowers the risk of smoking lapse","volume":"24","author":"Muraven","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychol. Addict. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0110","unstructured":"W.R. Miller, S. Rollnick, Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change (third edit.), 2012, Guilford, NY."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2015.03.008","article-title":"Cognitive bias modification for adolescents with substance use problems \u2013 can serious games help?","volume":"49","author":"Boendermaker","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394021005243?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394021005243?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T20:44:33Z","timestamp":1759610673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394021005243"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0304394021005243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0304-3940"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effect of N-acetylcysteine and working memory training on glutamate concentrations in the dACC and rACC in regular cocaine users \u2013 A randomized proof of concept study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136146","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"136146"}}