{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T23:35:46Z","timestamp":1793230546151,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T12:39:45Z","timestamp":1638535185000},"page":"136385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Syringic acid protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy: Behavioral, biochemical, and molecular evidence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"769","author":[{"given":"Irmak","family":"Ferah Okkay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ufuk","family":"Okkay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omer Lutfi","family":"Gundogdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cemil","family":"Bayram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Sefa","family":"Mendil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammed Sait","family":"Ertugrul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Hacimuftuoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0221626","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221626","article-title":"Cerebral metabolite alterations in patients with posttransplant encephalopathy after liver transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Pflugrad","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1425","article-title":"Incidence of and risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy in a population-based cohort of americans with cirrhosis","volume":"3","author":"Tapper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"issue":"6-7","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2005.10.016","article-title":"Role of extracellular cGMP and of hyperammonemia in the impairment of learning in rats with chronic hepatic failure. Therapeutic implications","volume":"48","author":"Erceg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-11-121","article-title":"Neuronal CCL2 is upregulated during hepatic encephalopathy and contributes to microglia activation and neurological decline","volume":"11","author":"McMillin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.G. Gow, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 47 (2017) 585-599.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2016.11.008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3587","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: effects of liver failure on brain function","volume":"14","author":"Felipo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2013.04.013","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: clinical aspects and pathogenetic concept","volume":"536","author":"H\u00e4ussinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.03.104","article-title":"Umbelliferone prevents oxidative stress, inflammation and hematological alterations, and modulates glutamate-nitric oxide-cGMP signaling in hyperammonemic rats","volume":"102","author":"Germoush","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135617","article-title":"Thymoquinone improves behavioral and biochemical deficits in hepatic encephalopathy induced by thioacetamide in rats","volume":"745","author":"Hajipour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1600561","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"375","author":"Longo","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3567-08.2009","article-title":"Cerebral microglia recruit monocytes into the brain in response to tumor necrosis factoralpha signaling during peripheral organ inflammation","volume":"29","author":"D'Mello","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1316","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00301.2006","article-title":"Circulating interleukin-6 induces fever through a STAT3-linked activation of COX-2 in the brain","volume":"291","author":"Rummel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.F. Butterworth, M.D. Norenberg, V. Felipo, P. Ferenci, J. Albrecht, A.T. Blei, I.C.o.E.M.o.H.E. Members of the, Experimental models of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN guidelines, Liver Int 29 (2009) 783-788.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02034.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24228","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: a central neuroinflammatory disorder?","volume":"53","author":"Butterworth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Randolph, R. Hilsabeck, A. Kato, P. Kharbanda, Y.Y. Li, D. Mapelli, L.D. Ravdin, M. Romero-Gomez, A. Stracciari, K. Weissenborn, E. International Society for Hepatic, M. Nitrogen, Neuropsychological assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines, Liver Int 29 (2009) 629-635.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02009.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.10.100","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of syringic acid against Cronobacter sakazakii and its effect on cell membrane","volume":"197","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6777","DOI":"10.1021\/jf800898p","article-title":"Grapes and human health: a perspective","volume":"56","author":"Pezzuto","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.1021\/jf800161u","article-title":"Chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and thermal stability of a phytochemical enriched oil from Acai Euterpe oleracea Mart","volume":"56","author":"Pacheco-Palencia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.09.069","article-title":"Syringic acid (SA) A Review of Its Occurrence, Biosynthesis, Pharmacological and Industrial Importance","volume":"108","author":"Srinivasulu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2019.1587323","article-title":"Antioxidant and anti-diabetic functions of a polyphenol-rich sugarcane extract","volume":"38","author":"Ji","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1402-71","article-title":"The protective effect of syringic acid on ischemia injury in rat brain","volume":"45","author":"G\u00fcven","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turk. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.9738\/INTSURG-D-14-00170.1","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of syringic acid prevents oxidative stress in l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis: an experimental study on rats","volume":"100","author":"Cikman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0115","first-page":"206","article-title":"Anti-endotoxic effects of syringic acid of Radix Isatidis","volume":"23","author":"Yunhai","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1039\/C5FO01329A","article-title":"Anti-steatotic and anti-inflammatory roles of syringic acid in high-fat diet-induced obese mice","volume":"7","author":"Ham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. S, A.H. Shaik, M.P. E, S.Y. Al Omar, A. Mohammad, L.D. Kodidhela, Combined cardio-protective ability of syringic acid and resveratrol against isoproterenol induced cardio-toxicity in rats via attenuating NF-kB and TNF-alpha pathways, Sci Rep 10 (2020) 3426.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59925-0"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-012-0802-7","article-title":"Syringic acid ameliorates (L)-NAME-induced hypertension by reducing oxidative stress","volume":"385","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Naunyn. Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2623","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of syringic acid against OGD\/R-induced injury in cultured hippocampal neuronal cells","volume":"38","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.01.056","article-title":"Syringic acid protects from isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in rats","volume":"849","author":"Shahzad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2018.10.015","article-title":"Syringic acid may attenuate the oral mucosal carcinogenesis via improving cell surface glycoconjugation and modifying cytokeratin expression","volume":"5","author":"Periyannan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8297984","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8297984","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of syringic acid by modulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial mass in diabetic rats","volume":"2020","author":"Rashedinia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02129","article-title":"Safety evaluation of syringic acid: subacute oral toxicity studies in Wistar rats","volume":"5","author":"Mirza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.07.047","article-title":"Syringic acid mitigates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by activating the PI3K\/Akt\/GSK-3beta signaling pathway","volume":"531","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.104444","article-title":"Flavonoids from barnebydendron riedelii leaf extract mitigate thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats: the interplay of NF-kappaB\/IL-6 and Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathways","volume":"105","author":"Baraka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.34172\/bi.2020.22","article-title":"The effects of concurrent treatment of silymarin and lactulose on memory changes in cirrhotic male rats","volume":"10","author":"Ghobadi Pour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioimpacts"},{"issue":"136","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3791\/56428","article-title":"Testing animal anxiety in rats: effects of open arm ledges and closed arm wall transparency in elevated plus maze test","author":"Horii","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14028","article-title":"Achillea millefolium alleviates testicular damage in paclitaxel-intoxicated rats via attenuation of testicular oxido-inflammatory stress and apoptotic responses","volume":"53","author":"Okkay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0185","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of Achillea millefolium on cisplatin induced ocular toxicity: an experimental study","author":"Okkay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul. Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951120004606","article-title":"Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in cyanotic piglets is associated with increased neuronal necrosis","volume":"31","author":"Petko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiol. Young"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15569527.2020.1844726","article-title":"Effect of taxifolin on cisplatin-associated oxidative optic nerve damage in rats","volume":"40","author":"Ahiskali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2017.72550","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of the new Na channel blocker rs100642 in global ischemic brain injury","volume":"15","author":"Kamisli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-017-9812-3","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: a critical current review","volume":"12","author":"Hadjihambi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-016-2014-x","article-title":"Neurotoxicity of ammonia","volume":"42","author":"Oja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2019.04.015","article-title":"Inhibition of inflammation is not enough for recovery of cognitive impairment in hepatic encephalopathy: effects of minocycline and ibuprofen","volume":"149","author":"Mohammadian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.11.021","article-title":"Protective role of chrysin on thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats","volume":"299","author":"El-Marasy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112301","article-title":"BabaoDan cures hepatic encephalopathy by decreasing ammonia levels and alleviating inflammation in rats","volume":"249","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112357","article-title":"Pro-inflammatory cytokines serve as communicating molecules between the liver and brain for hepatic encephalopathy pathogenesis and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides protection","volume":"248","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-5362.272563","article-title":"Evaluation and comparison of the antidepressant-like activity of Artemisia dracunculus and Stachys lavandulifolia ethanolic extracts: an in vivo study","volume":"14","author":"Jahani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e07159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e07159","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effect of saccharomyces cervisciae cell wall extract against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats","volume":"7","author":"El-Gendy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.11.095","article-title":"Taurine treatment preserves brain and liver mitochondrial function in a rat model of fulminant hepatic failure and hyperammonemia","volume":"86","author":"Jamshidzadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111126","article-title":"Development of TPGS\/F127\/F68 mixed polymeric micelles: Enhanced oral bioavailability and hepatoprotection of syringic acid against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"137","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0255","first-page":"120","article-title":"8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG): A critical biomarker of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis","volume":"27","author":"Valavanidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health C Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702959","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1702959","article-title":"Resveratrol reverses thioacetamide-induced renal assault with respect to oxidative stress renal function, DNA Damage, and cytokine release in wistar rats","volume":"2019","author":"Zargar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00088","article-title":"The role of astrocytes in neuroprotection after brain stroke: potential in cell therapy","volume":"10","author":"Becerra-Calixto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6501031","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6501031","article-title":"Mechanisms of endogenous neuroprotective effects of astrocytes in brain injury","volume":"2018","author":"Bylicky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4912","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2000.01597.x","article-title":"Glutathione metabolism in brain metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons in the defense against reactive oxygen species","volume":"267","author":"Dringen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1635-1","article-title":"Vaccaria hypaphorine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via inactivation of NFkappaB and ERK pathways in Raw 264.7 cells","volume":"17","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complem. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22814","article-title":"Syringic acid, a novel thyroid hormone receptor-beta agonist, ameliorates propylthiouracil-induced thyroid toxicity in rats","author":"Panda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-021-00704-9","article-title":"Protective mechanism of Syringic acid in an experimental model of Parkinson's disease","volume":"36","author":"G\u00fczelad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.H. Jeong, D.K. Kim, N.S. Lee, Y.G. Jeong, H.W. Kim, J.S. Kim, S.Y. Han, Neuroprotective Effect of Nortriptyline in Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Through Attenuation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction, ASN Neuro 10 (2018) 1759091418810583.","DOI":"10.1177\/1759091418810583"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2008.07.012","article-title":"Role of caspases, calpain and cdk5 in ammonia-induced cell death in developing brain cells","volume":"32","author":"Cagnon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394021007643?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0304394021007643?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T00:40:19Z","timestamp":1759624819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0304394021007643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["S0304394021007643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Syringic acid protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy: Behavioral, biochemical, and molecular evidence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.136385","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"136385"}}