{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:46:15Z","timestamp":1792075575171,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:08:38Z","timestamp":1791151718000},"page":"138748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["How crocodiles lost a forebrain circuit"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"889","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2498-5353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael B.","family":"Pritz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0005","series-title":"The central nervous system of vertebrates","author":"Nieuwenhuys","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0010","series-title":"Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy. Evolution and adaptation","author":"Butler","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0015","series-title":"A natural history of vertebrates","first-page":"523","article-title":"Brains through time","author":"Striedter","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.1996.tb00874.x","article-title":"Programmed cell death in the developing nervous system","volume":"6","author":"Burek","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(03)00051-0","article-title":"In vivo cellular and molecular mechanisms of neuronal apoptosis in the mammalian CNS","volume":"69","author":"Lossi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.12.004","article-title":"Sculpting the nervous system: glial control of neuronal development","volume":"16","author":"Freeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.24.110707.175402","article-title":"Many paths to synaptic specificity","volume":"25","author":"Sanes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-014-1729-6","article-title":"Mechanisms of developmental neurite pruning","volume":"72","author":"Schuldiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100913-013038","article-title":"Sculpting neural circuits by axon and dendrite pruning","volume":"31","author":"Riccomagno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1159\/000541379","article-title":"Synaptic pruning by microglia: Lessons from genetic studies in mice","volume":"47","author":"de Deus","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Sakers, P.W. Sheehan, W. Xin, D.P. Schafer, C. Eroglu, Glia orchestrate neural circuit development, Dev. Cell. 61 (2026) 1407-1430. https:\/\/doi.org\/2026.06.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2026.06.008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2023.08.001","article-title":"Synapse organizers as molecular codes for synaptic plasticity","volume":"46","author":"Connor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0065","series-title":"The thalamus","first-page":"1679","author":"Jones","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0070","series-title":"The Thalamus","first-page":"91","article-title":"Morphological, developmental, and functional evolution of the thalamus","author":"Butler","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901860104","article-title":"Efferent projections of the dorsal ventricular ridge and the striatum in the Tegu lizard, Tupinambis nigropunctatus","volume":"186","author":"Voneida","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0080","first-page":"39","article-title":"Afferent connections of the striatum and the nucleus accumbens in the lizard Gekko gecko","volume":"36","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P.S. Ulinski, Neuronal organization of the striatum in the alligator, Alligator mississippiensis. In: W.K. Schwerdtfeger, P. Germroth (Eds.), The forebrain in nonmammals. New aspects of structure and development, Vol. 19, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1990, pp. 119\u2013133.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-75367-1_10"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-7580.2000.19640501.x","article-title":"Evolution of the basal ganglia: new perspectives through a comparative approach","volume":"196","author":"Smeets","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1159\/000357832","article-title":"Evolutionary and developmental contributions for understanding the organization of the basal ganglia","volume":"83","author":"Medina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0100","article-title":"Early development of a vertebrate telencephalon: Observations before areal differentiation","volume":"145\u2013147","author":"Pritz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(76)90161-X","article-title":"Striatal afferent connections in the turtle (Chrysemys picta) as revealed by retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase","volume":"108","author":"Parent","year":"1976","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901890303","article-title":"The paleostriatal system of Caiman crocodilus","volume":"189","author":"Brauth","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0115","first-page":"127","article-title":"Connections of the mesencephalic, thalamic and telencephalic auditory centers in turtles. some structural bases for audiosomatic interrelations","volume":"26","author":"Belekhova","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Hirnforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P.H. Desan, Organization of the cerebral cortex in turtle. In: W.K. Schwerdtfeger, Smeets, W.J.A.J. (Eds.), The forebrain of reptiles. Current concepts of structure and function, Karger, New York, 1988, pp. 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1159\/000415848"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00190590","article-title":"Connections of the basal telencephalic areas c and d in the turtle brain","volume":"189","author":"Siemen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anat. Embryol. (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00205-X","article-title":"Afferent connections of the nucleus accumbens of the snake, Elaphe guttata, studied by means of in vitro and in vivo tracing techniques in combination with TH immunohistochemistry","volume":"225","author":"Perez-Santana","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2024.137894","article-title":"Interconnections between the dorsal thalamus and the basal nuclei in a reptile","volume":"836","author":"Pritz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0140","unstructured":"M.B. Pritz, Development of thalamo-telencephalic circuits in a reptile. J. Comp. Neurol. in press."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0145","unstructured":"M.W.J. Ferguson, Reproductive biology and embryology of the crocodilians. In: C. Gans (Ed.), Biology of the reptilia, vol. 14, Development A, John Wiley & sons, New York, NY, 1985, 329-491."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bramec.2026.202544","article-title":"Early development of the habenula","volume":"153","author":"Pritz","year":"2026","journal-title":"Brain Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0155","first-page":"107","article-title":"Anatomical identification of a telencephalic somatosensory area in a reptile, Caiman crocodilus","volume":"43","author":"Pritz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089363","article-title":"Growth of Caiman crocodilus yacare in the Brazilian Pantanal","volume":"9","author":"Campos","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0165","article-title":"Later development of a vertebrate telencephalon: Time of origin of identified subdivisions, derived nuclei, and associated tracts","volume":"148\u2013150","author":"Pritz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25659","article-title":"Nuclei and tracts in the telencephalon of crocodiles: Identification and characterization using an organizational scheme applicable to other reptiles","volume":"532","author":"Pritz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0175","first-page":"11","article-title":"Cell death in the embryonic brain of Gallotia galloti (Reptilia; Lacertidae): a structural and ultrastructural study","volume":"150","author":"Trujillo","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0180","first-page":"479","article-title":"Cell death in the lizard cerebellar anlage at early embryonic stages","volume":"19","author":"Marrero","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Submicrosc. Cytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0185","first-page":"71","article-title":"Cell death in the normal development of Gallotia galloti mesencephalon (Reptilia Lacertidae). an ultrastructural study","volume":"19","author":"Monzon","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Submicrosc. Cytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900270304","article-title":"The forebrain of Alligator mississippiensis","volume":"27","author":"Crosby","year":"1917","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900400107","article-title":"On thalamic and tectal nuclei and fiber paths in the brain of the American alligator","volume":"40","author":"Huber","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.B. Pritz, Nuclei and tracts in the pretectum and associated tegmentum of crocodiles, J. Comp. Neurol. 531 (2023) 415-450. https:\/\/doi.org\/ 10.1002\/cne.25433.","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25433"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.B. Pritz, Nuclei and tracts in the epithalamus of crocodiles, J. Comp. Neurol. 531 (2023) 1582-1605. https:\/\/doi.org\/ 10.1002\/cne.25531.","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25531"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25595","article-title":"Nuclei and tracts in the thalamus of crocodiles","volume":"532","author":"Pritz","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.B. Pritz, Ascending connections of a midbrain auditory area in a crocodile, Caiman crocodilus, J. Comp. Neurol., 153 (1974) 179-197. https:\/\/doi.org\/ 10.1002\/cne.901530204.","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901530204"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.B. Pritz, L.C. Ziegler, T.N. Thompson, E.W. Hsu, Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor tractography of a midbrain auditory circuit in Alligator, Neurosci. Lett. 738 (2020) 135251. https:\/\/doi.org\/ 10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135251.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2020.135251"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19991011)413:1<26::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Embryonic development of connections in turtle pallium","volume":"413","author":"Cordery","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030439402600248X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S030439402600248X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:10:12Z","timestamp":1792073412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S030439402600248X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S030439402600248X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3940"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3940","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"How crocodiles lost a forebrain circuit","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Letters","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2026.138748","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"138748"}}