{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:47:00Z","timestamp":1787741220532,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17K01541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K01541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T11:30:01Z","timestamp":1550575801000},"page":"37-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation modulates the effect of cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation on the excitability of spinal reflex"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Akiyoshi","family":"Matsugi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7860-3440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohei","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00202","article-title":"Unique features of the human brainstem and cerebellum","volume":"8","author":"Baizer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26356","article-title":"Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with ataxia: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study","volume":"30","author":"Benussi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2913","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S91625","article-title":"Prefrontocerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation increases amplitude and decreases latency of P3b component in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder","volume":"11","author":"Bersani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(99)00067-2","article-title":"Functional changes of the basal ganglia circuitry in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"62","author":"Blandini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-010-9143-9","article-title":"The cerebellum and basal ganglia are interconnected","volume":"20","author":"Bostan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00286","article-title":"Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation to the cerebellum improves handwriting and cyclic drawing kinematics in focal hand dystonia","volume":"9","author":"Bradnam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6898","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1684-05.2005","article-title":"The interaction of a new motor skill and an old one: H-reflex conditioning and locomotion in rats","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2013.260331","article-title":"Bi-directional modulation of somatosensory mismatch negativity with transcranial direct current stimulation: an event related potential study","volume":"592","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.01.002","article-title":"Anodal cerebellar direct current stimulation reduces facilitation of propriospinal neurons in healthy humans","volume":"9","author":"Chothia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230098","article-title":"Sensitivity of monosynaptic test reflexes to facilitation and inhibition as a function of the test reflex size: a study in man and the cat","volume":"81","author":"Crone","year":"1990","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-015-0713-5","article-title":"Anodal direct current stimulation of the cerebellum reduces cerebellar brain inhibition but does not influence afferent input from the hand or face in healthy adults","volume":"15","author":"Doeltgen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-014-0599-7","article-title":"Cerebellar tDCS: how to do it","volume":"14","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40673-016-0054-2","article-title":"Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation in neurological disease","volume":"3","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cereb. Ataxias"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-015-0737-x","article-title":"Cerebellar and motor cortical transcranial stimulation decrease levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2014.08.003","article-title":"Applications of transcranial direct current stimulation for understanding brain function","volume":"37","author":"Filmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00522","article-title":"Cerebellar and spinal direct current stimulation in children: computational modeling of the induced electric field","volume":"10","author":"Fiocchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9115","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2184-09.2009","article-title":"Modulation of cerebellar excitability by polarity-specific noninvasive direct current stimulation","volume":"29","author":"Galea","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00739","article-title":"Pediatric stroke and transcranial direct current stimulation: methods for rational individualized dose optimization","volume":"8","author":"Gillick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-013-0846-y","article-title":"Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) decreases the amplitudes of long-latency stretch reflexes in cerebellar ataxia","volume":"41","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-013-0514-7","article-title":"Non-invasive cerebellar stimulation--a consensus paper","volume":"13","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858414559409","article-title":"Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS): a novel approach to understanding cerebellar function in health and disease","volume":"22","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.04.009","article-title":"Cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation: the role of coil geometry and tissue depth","author":"Hardwick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-010-0187-4","article-title":"Cerebellar TMS evokes a long latency motor response in the hand during a visually guided manual tracking task","volume":"9","author":"Hiraoka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1544","article-title":"The cerebellum communicates with the basal ganglia","volume":"8","author":"Hoshi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108774","article-title":"Releasing dentate nucleus cells from Purkinje cell inhibition generates output from the cerebrocerebellum","volume":"9","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03142-5","article-title":"Mechanisms of motor learning in the cerebellum","volume":"886","author":"Ito","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00234200","article-title":"Synaptic action of the fastigiobulbar impulses upon neurones in the medullary reticular formation and vestibular nuclei","volume":"11","author":"Ito","year":"1970","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.02.012","article-title":"The H-reflex as a probe: pathways and pitfalls","volume":"171","author":"Knikou","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.01.005","article-title":"The role of calcium in synaptic plasticity and motor learning in the cerebellar cortex","volume":"36","author":"Lamont","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00181","article-title":"The contribution of interindividual factors to variability of response in transcranial direct current stimulation studies","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0160","first-page":"1","article-title":"Do changes in spinal reflex excitability elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation differ based on the site of cerebellar stimulation?","author":"Matsugi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Somatosens. Mot. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.11138\/FNeur\/2017.32.2.077","article-title":"Cerebellar transcranial static magnetic field stimulation transiently reduces cerebellar brain inhibition","volume":"32","author":"Matsugi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Funct. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0170","first-page":"193","article-title":"Long latency fluctuation of the finger movement evoked by cerebellar TMS during visually guided manual tracking task","volume":"56","author":"Matsugi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-012-0402-6","article-title":"Long latency electromyographic response induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the cerebellum preferentially appears during continuous visually guided manual tracking task","volume":"12","author":"Matsugi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000275","article-title":"Task dependency of the long-latency facilitatory effect on the soleus H-reflex by cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation","volume":"25","author":"Matsugi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000315","article-title":"Effect of cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation on soleus Ia presynaptic and reciprocal inhibition","volume":"26","author":"Matsugi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001036","article-title":"Cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation facilitates excitability of spinal reflex, but does not affect cerebellar inhibition and facilitation in spinocerebellar ataxia","author":"Matsugi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0195","first-page":"2265","article-title":"Prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves visuospatial memory, executive functions, and neurological soft signs in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder","volume":"11","author":"Minichino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220410028660","article-title":"Interaction between repetitive stimulation of the sciatic nerve and functional ablation of cerebellar nucleus interpositus in the rat","volume":"3","author":"Oulad Ben Taib","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1223-z","article-title":"Basal ganglia and cerebellar interconnectivity within the human thalamus","volume":"222","author":"Pelzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.10.003","article-title":"Polarizing cerebellar neurons with transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"125","author":"Rahman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2013.04.008","article-title":"Polarity independent effects of cerebellar tDCS on short term ankle visuomotor learning","volume":"6","author":"Shah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125606","article-title":"Cerebellum and nonmotor function","volume":"32","author":"Strick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.16062","article-title":"Functional neuroanatomy for posture and gait control","volume":"10","author":"Takakusaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0230","article-title":"The effects of imaginary voluntary muscle contraction and relaxation on cerebellar brain inhibition","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0235","first-page":"222","article-title":"Field modeling for transcranial magnetic stimulation: a useful tool to understand the physiological effects of TMS?","author":"Thielscher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0240","series-title":"Handbook of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders","first-page":"497","article-title":"Cerebellar influences on descending spinal motor systems","author":"TJ","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370603","article-title":"Magnetic stimulation over the cerebellum in humans","volume":"37","author":"Ugawa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0250","article-title":"Targeting the cerebellum by noninvasive neurostimulation: a review","author":"van Dun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebellum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00199","article-title":"tDCS of the cerebellum: Where do we stand in 2016? technical issues and critical review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"van Dun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.04.025","article-title":"Functional neuroimaging correlates of finger-tapping task variations: an ALE meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Witt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(97)01133-8","article-title":"The complex structure of a simple memory","volume":"20","author":"Wolpaw","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.92706","article-title":"The cerebellum in maintenance of a motor skill: a hierarchy of brain and spinal cord plasticity underlies H-reflex conditioning","volume":"13","author":"Wolpaw","year":"2006","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.807","article-title":"Activity-dependent spinal cord plasticity in health and disease","volume":"24","author":"Wolpaw","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.11.012","article-title":"A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools","volume":"127","author":"Woods","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."}],"container-title":["Neuroscience Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168010218303171?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168010218303171?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T10:26:52Z","timestamp":1759141612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168010218303171"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0168010218303171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-0102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-0102","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation modulates the effect of cerebellar transcranial magnetic stimulation on the excitability of spinal reflex","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuroscience Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neures.2019.01.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. and Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}