{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T11:45:27Z","timestamp":1792842327718,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, India","award":["BT\/249\/NE\/TBP\/2011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/249\/NE\/TBP\/2011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroToxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,18]],"date-time":"2015-12-18T10:49:06Z","timestamp":1450435746000},"page":"230-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evidence of neuroprotective effects of saffron and crocin in a Drosophila model of parkinsonism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Sriranjini Venkat","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Muralidhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarat Chandra","family":"Yenisetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padmanabhan S.","family":"Rajini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","article-title":"Catalase in vitro","volume":"105","author":"Aebi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2005.06.007","article-title":"Neuroprotection by crocetin in a hemiparkinsonian rat model","volume":"81","author":"Ahmad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharm. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2009.01133.x","article-title":"Saffron in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a 16-week randomized and placebo-controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Akhondzadeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharm. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amin, B., Hosseinzadeh, H., 2015. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocus sativus (saffron). In: Watson, R.R., Preedy, V.R. (Ed.), Bioactive Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease ; 29-39 pp. 500","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411462-3.00033-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.08R01CR","article-title":"Regulation of neuronal glutathione synthesis","volume":"108","author":"Aoyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390902773003","article-title":"New applications and mechanisms of action of saffron and its important ingredients","volume":"50","author":"Bathaie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5080","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12480","article-title":"Implications of enzyme deficiencies on mitochondrial energy metabolism and reactive oxygen species formation of neurons involved in rotenone-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease: a model-based analysis","volume":"280","author":"Berbdt","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1311","article-title":"Characterization of the cellular reduction of 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT):subcellular localization, substrate dependence and involvement of mitochondrial electron transport in MTT reduction","volume":"303","author":"Berridge","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.2174\/138161210790883615","article-title":"The hormetic role of dietary antioxidants in free radical related diseases","volume":"16","author":"Calabrese","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(10)84002-6","article-title":"Neurotoxic in vivo models of Parkinson\u2019s disease recent advances","volume":"184","author":"Cannon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1124\/mi.5.5.9","article-title":"Drosophila a model system to study neurodegeneration","volume":"5","author":"Celotto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Interv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2008.02.004","article-title":"Oxidative alterations induced by d-aspartic acid in prepubertal rat testis in vitro: a mechanistic study","volume":"70","author":"Chandrashekar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12029","article-title":"Environmental stress, ageing and glial cell senescence: a novel mechanistic link to Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"273","author":"Chinta","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2009.06.005","article-title":"Gross RE environmental toxins and Parkinson\u2019s disease: what ave we learned from pesticide-induced animal models","volume":"30","author":"Cicchetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.828","article-title":"The structure\u2013activity relationship of flavonoids as scavengers of peroxynitrite","volume":"16","author":"Choi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10993","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2993-04.2004","article-title":"Chronic exposure to rotenone models sporadic Parkinson\u2019s disease in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"24","author":"Coulom","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.03.001","article-title":"Revisiting the cholinergic hypothesis in the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"35","author":"Craig","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.11.051","article-title":"Molecular mechanism involved in the transport of a prodrug dopamine glycosyl conjugate","volume":"336","author":"Dalpiaz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-13-167","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of a long-lived natural Drosophila variant: a prominent role of stress- and reproduction-genes in lifespan extension","volume":"13","author":"Doroszuk","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.11.026","article-title":"Neuroprotective strategies involving ROS in Alzheimer disease","volume":"51","author":"Dumont","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(61)90145-9","article-title":"A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity","volume":"7","author":"Ellman","year":"1961","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","article-title":"Tissue sulfhydryl groups","volume":"82","author":"Ellman","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arch Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.4236\/jbbs.2013.33031","article-title":"Aqueous extract of saffron (Crocus sativus) increases brain dopamine and glutamate concentrations in rats","volume":"3","author":"Ettehadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/35006074","article-title":"A Drosophila model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"404","author":"Feany","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6131","DOI":"10.1021\/jf300589c","article-title":"Saffron as a source of novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: molecular docking and in vitro enzymatic studies","volume":"60","author":"Geromichalos","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-7-69","article-title":"Specific age related signatures in Drosophila body parts transcriptome","volume":"7","author":"Girardot","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2012.04.002","article-title":"Propensity of Selaginella delicatula aqueous extract to offset rotenone-induced oxidative dysfunctions and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster: implications for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Girish","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24938","article-title":"Entorhinal cortex atrophy differentiates Parkinson\u2019s disease patients with and without dementia","volume":"27","author":"Goldman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0145","series-title":"Handbook of Neurotoxicity","first-page":"819","article-title":"Links between Paraquat and Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Polo","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(85)13067-3","article-title":"Glutathione transferase from rat testis","volume":"113","author":"Guthenberg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03907.x","article-title":"Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now?","volume":"97","author":"Halliwell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2009.08.012","article-title":"Neuroprotective efficacy of Bacopa monnieri against rotenone induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"30","author":"Hosamani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0165","first-page":"75","article-title":"Prophylactic treatment with Bacopa monneri leaf powder mitigates Paraquat induced oxidative perturbations and lethality in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"47","author":"Hosamani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.21094","article-title":"Acute exposure of Drosophila melanogaster to paraquat causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"83","author":"Hosamani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-010-0198-z","article-title":"Attenuation of rotenone-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster supplemented with Creatine","volume":"35","author":"Hosamani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4784","article-title":"Avicenna\u2019s (Ibn Sina) the Canon of Medicine and Saffron (Crocus sativus): a review","volume":"27","author":"Hosseinzadeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3566","article-title":"Effects of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its active constituent, crocin, on recognition and spatial memory after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats","volume":"26","author":"Hosseinzadeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0190","first-page":"419","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus L stigma and its bioactive constituents, Crocin and safranal","volume":"5","author":"Hosseinzadeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Mag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-009-0046-1","article-title":"The effects of polyphenols on survival and locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster exposed to iron and paraquat","volume":"35","author":"Jimenez-Del-Rio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.08.012","article-title":"Drosophila as a model for age-related impairment in locomotor and other behaviors","volume":"46","author":"Jones","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5504.643","article-title":"Substitution of the thioredoxin system for glutathione reductase in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"291","author":"Kanzok","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6244","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15096244","article-title":"Evaluation of Crocus sativus L. stigma phenolic and flavonoid compounds and its antioxidant activity","volume":"15","author":"Karimi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0215","first-page":"1117","article-title":"Superoxide-driven oxidation of quercetin and a simple sensitive assay for determination of superoxide dismutase","volume":"19","author":"Kostyuk","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86141-H","article-title":"Determination of carbonyl content in oxidatively modified proteins","volume":"186","author":"Levine","year":"1990","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50683","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050683","article-title":"Thioredoxin reductase deficiency potentiates oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in dopaminergic cells","volume":"7","author":"Lopert","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6628","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00269a003","article-title":"Rat liver thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase: purification and characterization","volume":"21","author":"Luthman","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox2040293","article-title":"Saffron: a natural potent antioxidant as a promising anti-obesity drug","author":"Mashmoul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00393-1","article-title":"Cooperative action of antioxidant defense systems in Drosophila","volume":"11","author":"Missirlis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90201-X","article-title":"Glutathione content of cultured cells and rodent brain regions: a specific fluorometric assay","volume":"140","author":"Mokrasch","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.09.003","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of crocin and crocetin in rat brain microglial cells","volume":"648","author":"Nam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0260","series-title":"Bioactive Nutraceuticals and dietary supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease","first-page":"29","article-title":"Neuropharmacology of safrron (Crocus sativus) and its active constituents","author":"Nassiri-Asl","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00208.2003","article-title":"Beneficial effects of moderate exercise on mice aging: survival, behavior, oxidative stress and mitochondrial electron transfer","volume":"286","author":"Navarro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2006.11.012","article-title":"Protective effects of carotenoids from saffron on neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo","volume":"1770","author":"Ochiai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8762","DOI":"10.1021\/jf061932a","article-title":"Inhibitory activity on amyloid-beta aggregation and antioxidant properties of Crocus sativus stigmas extract and its crocin constituents","volume":"54","author":"Papandreou","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.01.007","article-title":"Memory enhancing effects of saffron in aged mice are correlated with antioxidant protection","volume":"219","author":"Papandreou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0800649","article-title":"Biochemistry of dystrophic muscle: mitochondrial succinate tetrazolium reductase and adenosine triphosphatase","volume":"80","author":"Pennington","year":"1961","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2014.1591","article-title":"Curcumin\u2019s neuroprotective efficacy in Drosophila model of idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease is phase specific: implication of its therapeutic effectiveness","volume":"17","author":"Phom","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2012.07.006","article-title":"Evidence of acrylamide induced oxidative stress and neuro-toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster\u2014its amelioration with spice active enrichment: relevance to neuropathy","volume":"33","author":"Prasad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-130173","article-title":"Saffron pre-treatment offers neuroprotection to nigral and retinal dopaminergic cells of MPTP-treated mice","volume":"3","author":"Purushothuman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Parkinson\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.01.003","article-title":"Oxidative damage to macromolecules in human Parkinson\u2019s disease and the rotenone model","volume":"62","author":"Sanders","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-007-0428-4","article-title":"Saffron in phytotherapy: pharmacology and clinical uses","volume":"157","author":"Schmidt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Wien. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2002.8072","article-title":"Subcutaneous rotenone exposure causes highly selective dopaminergic degeneration and \u03b1-synuclein aggregation","volume":"179","author":"Sherer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A259","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.119-a259a","article-title":"Rotenone and paraquat linked to Parkinson\u2019s disease: human exposure study supports years of animal studies","volume":"119","author":"Spivey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2013.04.006","article-title":"Valeriana officinalis attenuates the rotenone-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"37","author":"Sudati","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.04.037","article-title":"Sodium butyrate improves locomotor impairment and early mortality in a rotenone-induced Drosophila model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"246","author":"Laurent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.12.002","article-title":"The plate half-full: status of research on the mechanisms of dietary restriction in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"46","author":"Tatar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4778-07.2008","article-title":"Induction of the phase II detoxification pathway suppresses neuron loss in Drosophila models of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Trinh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0345","series-title":"Chembiomolecular Science","first-page":"139","article-title":"Identification of signaling pathways that mediate dietary restriction-induced longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans","author":"Uno","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.102160.109","article-title":"Genome-wide gene expression regulation as a function of genotype and age in C. elegans","volume":"20","author":"Vi\u00f1uela","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8024","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501078102","article-title":"Increased glutathione-S-transferase activity rescues dopaminergic neuron loss in a Drosophila model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"102","author":"Whitworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33021-2","article-title":"Ferrous ion oxidation in presence of ferric ion indicator xylenol orange for measurement of hydroperoxides","volume":"233","author":"Wolff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2012.11.015","article-title":"Acetylcholinesterase deficiency decreases apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons in the neurotoxin model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004354","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004354","article-title":"G\u00d7G\u00d7E for lifespan in Drosophila: mitochondrial, nuclear, and dietary interactions that modify longevity","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."}],"container-title":["NeuroToxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161813X15300449?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161813X15300449?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T14:17:02Z","timestamp":1758982622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161813X15300449"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["S0161813X15300449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-813X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-813X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evidence of neuroprotective effects of saffron and crocin in a Drosophila model of parkinsonism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"NeuroToxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}