{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:01:18Z","timestamp":1790359278608,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroToxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]],"date-time":"2015-12-31T16:45:17Z","timestamp":1451580317000},"page":"85-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Chronic dietary chlorpyrifos causes long-term spatial memory impairment and thigmotaxic behavior"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Caridad","family":"L\u00f3pez-Granero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Ruiz-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco A.","family":"Nieto-Esc\u00e1mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda T.","family":"Colomina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Aschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2190-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Santed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1736359","article-title":"Working memory","volume":"255","author":"Baddeley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2008.09.003","article-title":"Subchronic MK-801 behavioural deficits in rats: partial reversal by the novel nitrate GT 1061","volume":"91","author":"Beninger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2012.02.001","article-title":"Anxiety-like behavior and cognitive flexibility in adult rats perinatally exposed to increased serotonin concentrations","volume":"230","author":"Blazevic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi143","article-title":"Long-term neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: spatial learning impairment on repeated acquisition in a water maze","volume":"85","author":"Ca\u00f1adas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0547-4","article-title":"Vulnerability of long-term neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: effect on schedule-induced polydipsia and a delay discounting task","volume":"189","author":"Cardona","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-009-9149-3","article-title":"Impulsivity as long-term sequelae after chlorpyrifos intoxication: time course and individual differences","volume":"19","author":"Cardona","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.38.193","article-title":"Dosedependent regional brain acetylcholinesterase and acylpeptide hydrolase inhibition without cell death after chlorpyrifos administration","volume":"38","author":"Cardona","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881113480988","article-title":"Noradrenergic modulation of cognition: therapeutic implications","volume":"27","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.10.008","article-title":"Current issues in organophosphate toxicology","volume":"366","author":"Costa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0149-7634(85)90030-2","article-title":"Exploratory behavior models of anxiety in mice","volume":"9","author":"Crawley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)90243-7","article-title":"A behavioural analysis of rats with damage to the medial prefrontal cortex using the Morris water maze: evidence for behavioural flexibility, but not for impaired spatial navigation","volume":"652","author":"de Bruin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00067-4","article-title":"Application of the Morris water maze in the study of learning and memory","volume":"36","author":"D\u2019Hooge","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00294-2","article-title":"Partial reinforcement across trials impairs escape performance but spares place learning in the water maze","volume":"141","author":"Devan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440802272158","article-title":"Review of the toxicology of chlorpyrifos with an emphasis on human exposure and neurodevelopment","author":"Eaton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.08.006","article-title":"\u03b12-containing GABA(A) receptors: a target for the development of novel treatment strategies for CNS disorders","volume":"136","author":"Engin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.107.4.618","article-title":"Severity of spatial learning impairment in aging: development of a learning index for performance in the Morris water maze","volume":"107","author":"Gallagher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1077(199607)11:4<309::AID-HUP775>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Affective disorders and nitric oxide: a role in pathways to relapse and refractoriness","volume":"11","author":"Harvey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.06.014","article-title":"Metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors as neurobiological targets in anxiety and stress-related disorders: focus on pharmacology and preclinical translational models","volume":"100","author":"Harvey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181dd4423","article-title":"Occupational exposure to pesticides increases the risk of incident AD: the Cache County study","volume":"74","author":"Hayden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.04.013","article-title":"Glutamate receptors in preclinical research on Alzheimer\u2019s disease: update on recent advances","volume":"100","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(99)00051-6","article-title":"Limitations on the use of benzodiazepines in anxiety and insomnia: are they justified?","volume":"9","author":"Lader","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-010-0809-1","article-title":"Glutamate receptors, neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration","volume":"460","author":"Lau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.1997.3782","article-title":"Reliability, distribution and validity of age-related cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze","volume":"68","author":"Lindner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.03.009","article-title":"Chronic dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos causes behavioral impairments, low activity of brain membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase, and increased brain acetylcholinesterase-R mRNA","volume":"308","author":"L\u00f3pez-Granero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfs280","article-title":"Chlorpyrifos-, diisopropylphosphorofluoridate-, and parathion-induced behavioral and oxidative stress effects: are they mediated by analogous mechanisms of action","volume":"131","author":"L\u00f3pez-Granero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2013.11.004","article-title":"Comparative study on short- and long-term behavioral consequences of organophosphate exposure: relationship to AChE mRNA expression","volume":"40","author":"L\u00f3pez-Granero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2005.09.005","article-title":"Glutamate-based therapeutic approaches: ampakines","volume":"6","author":"Lynch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2010.03.004","article-title":"Neuropsychological and psychiatric functioning in sheep farmers exposed to low levels of organophosphate pesticides","volume":"32","author":"Mackenzie Ross","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(99)00152-3","article-title":"Organophosphorus pesticides","volume":"143","author":"Maroni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0150","first-page":"375","article-title":"Repeated exposures to subthreshold doses of chlorpyrifos in rats: hippocampal damage, impaired axonal transport, and deficits in spatial learning","volume":"305","author":"Middlemore-Risher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2012.11.012","article-title":"Long term compulsivity on the 5-choice serial reaction time task after acute chlorpyrifos exposure","volume":"216","author":"Montes de Oca","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(98)00245-8","article-title":"Experimental and clinical toxicology of anticholinesterase agents","volume":"102\u2013103","author":"Moretto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi199","article-title":"Neurobehavioral effects of chronic dietary and repeated high-level spike exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats","volume":"86","author":"Moser","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1006\/nlme.1998.3864","article-title":"MK-801 improves retention in aged rats: implications for altered neural plasticity in age-related memory deficits","volume":"71","author":"Norris","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi274","article-title":"Neurochemical effects of chronic dietary and repeated high-level acute exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats","volume":"88","author":"Padilla","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2011.05.006","article-title":"Association between environmental exposure to pesticides and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"256","author":"Parron","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2011.02.002","article-title":"Post-synaptic scaffolding protein interactions with glutamate receptors in synaptic dysfunction and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"93","author":"Proctor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1999.8733","article-title":"Low concentrations of the organophosphate VX affect spontaneous and evoked transmitter release from hippocampal neurons: toxicological relevance of cholinesterase-independent actions","volume":"159","author":"Rocha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2004.12.002","article-title":"Neuropsychological effects of long-term exposure to organophosphate pesticides","volume":"27","author":"Rold\u00e1n-Tapia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2006.07.004","article-title":"Neuropsychological sequelae from acute poisoning and long-term exposure to carbamate and organophosphate pesticides","volume":"28","author":"Rold\u00e1n-Tapia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2011.05.014","article-title":"Cognitive and histological disturbances after chlorpyrifos exposure and chronic A\u03b2(1-42) infusions in Wistar rats","volume":"32","author":"Ruiz-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.2174\/156720511797633197","article-title":"Amyloid Beta peptide levels increase in brain of A\u03b2PP swedish mice after exposure to chlorpyrifos","volume":"8","author":"Salazar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi264","article-title":"Effects of chronic dietary and repeated acute exposure to chlorpyrifos on learning and sustained attention in rats","volume":"87","author":"Samsam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-813X(02)00032-3","article-title":"Chlorpyrifos shares stimulus properties with pentylenetetrazol as evaluated by an operant drug discrimination task","volume":"23","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Amate","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2003.10.008","article-title":"Long-term functional neurotoxicity of paraoxon and chlorpyrifos: behavioural and pharmacological evidence","volume":"26","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Santed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0230","article-title":"Organophosphate pesticide exposure and degeneration","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Santed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.028209","article-title":"Occupational risk factors in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a review assessing the quality of published epidemiological studies","volume":"64","author":"Santib\u00e1\u00f1ez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1063(1999)9:2<118::AID-HIPO4>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Delay-dependent impairment of a matching-to-place task with chronic and intrahippocampal infusion of the NMDA-antagonist D-AP5","volume":"9","author":"Steele","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.5.731","article-title":"Chronic neurological sequelae to organophosphate pesticide poisoning","volume":"84","author":"Steenland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-3623(93)90228-P","article-title":"Effects of the nerve agents soman and tabun on the uptake and release of GABA and glutamate in synaptosomes of guinea pig cerebral cortex","volume":"24","author":"Szilagyi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gen. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2011.08.015","article-title":"Chronic impairments in spatial learning and memory in rats previously exposed to chlorpyrfos or diisopropylfluorophosphate","volume":"34","author":"Terry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(01)00480-4","article-title":"Diazepam fails to potentiate GABA-induced chloride uptake and to produce anxiolytic-like action in aged rats","volume":"68","author":"Wikinski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."}],"container-title":["NeuroToxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161813X15300504?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0161813X15300504?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,26]],"date-time":"2022-06-26T02:50:27Z","timestamp":1656211827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0161813X15300504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0161813X15300504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-813X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-813X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Chronic dietary chlorpyrifos causes long-term spatial memory impairment and thigmotaxic behavior","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"NeuroToxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuro.2015.12.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}