{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T18:36:19Z","timestamp":1781894179907,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 AG006781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 AG006781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","neurobiologyofaging.org","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurobiology of Aging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T18:34:06Z","timestamp":1470162846000},"page":"72-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Glucose levels during life and neuropathologic findings at autopsy among people never treated for diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Paul K.","family":"Crane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rod L.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9267-8705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Sonnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5054-2543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura E.","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Melrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Hassenstab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Dirk","family":"Keene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Postupna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Montine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric B.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.12.006","article-title":"Diabetes is associated with cerebrovascular but not Alzheimer's disease neuropathology","volume":"12","author":"Abner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib2","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-iv","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a2e87d","article-title":"Neuropathologic intermediate phenotypes enhance association to Alzheimer susceptibility alleles","volume":"72","author":"Bennett","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00014168","article-title":"Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: what is new since A. Alzheimer?","volume":"249","author":"Braak","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308809","article-title":"Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes","volume":"82","author":"Braak","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a18691","article-title":"Risk of dementia and AD with prior exposure to NSAIDs in an elderly community-based cohort","volume":"72","author":"Breitner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib7","series-title":"Bayes and Empirical Bayes Methods for Data Analysis","author":"Carlin","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215740","article-title":"Glucose levels and risk of dementia","volume":"369","author":"Crane","year":"2013","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt141","article-title":"Neuropathologic changes associated with atrial fibrillation in a population-based autopsy cohort","volume":"69","author":"Dublin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000138","article-title":"A\u00a0cross-sectional analysis of late-life cardiovascular factors and their relation to clinically defined neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"30","author":"Dugger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.02854.x","article-title":"Glycemia and levels of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid and tau in patients attending a memory clinic","volume":"58","author":"Exalto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3182299496","article-title":"Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"42","author":"Gorelick","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1159\/000197389","article-title":"Adjustment for selection bias in observational studies with application to the analysis of autopsy data","volume":"32","author":"Haneuse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007","article-title":"National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"8","author":"Hyman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3","article-title":"Parkinson's disease","author":"Kalia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.2.355","article-title":"Epidemiology of ischemic stroke in patients with diabetes: the greater Cincinnati\/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study","volume":"28","author":"Kissela","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.02.049","article-title":"Diabetes and other vascular risk factors for dementia: which factor matters most? A systematic review","volume":"585","author":"Kloppenborg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.11.1737","article-title":"Dementia and Alzheimer disease incidence: a prospective cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Kukull","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-144-2-200601170-00004","article-title":"Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older","volume":"144","author":"Larson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00117.x","article-title":"Empiric refinement of the pathologic assessment of Lewy-related pathology in the dementia patient","volume":"18","author":"Leverenz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(02)00012-3","article-title":"Dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"86","author":"Leverenz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000277657.95487.1c","article-title":"Statin therapy is associated with reduced neuropathologic changes of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.2174\/18715273113126660155","article-title":"Does Parkinson's disease and type-2 diabetes mellitus present common pathophysiological mechanisms and treatments?","volume":"13","author":"Lima","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2295","article-title":"Hyperglycemia-induced cerebral hematoma expansion is mediated by plasma kallikrein","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85781","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085781","article-title":"Diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease: an updated meta-analysis of case-control studies","volume":"9","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181eee25f","article-title":"Insulin resistance is associated with the pathology of Alzheimer disease: the Hisayama study","volume":"75","author":"Matsuzaki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib27","series-title":"Dementia Rating Scale","author":"Mattis","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's disease","volume":"34","author":"McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(97)00058-4","article-title":"The CERAD neuropathology protocol and consensus recommendations for the postmortem diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: a commentary","volume":"18","author":"Mirra","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.4.479","article-title":"The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD). Part II. Standardization of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"41","author":"Mirra","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3","article-title":"National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease: a practical approach","volume":"123","author":"Montine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(97)00003-9","article-title":"Central nervous system complications of diabetes mellitus\u2013a perspective from the blood-brain barrier","volume":"23","author":"Mooradian","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.9.1159","article-title":"The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD). Part I. Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"39","author":"Morris","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0545","article-title":"Translating the A1C assay into estimated average glucose values","volume":"31","author":"Nathan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt318","article-title":"Arteriolosclerosis that affects multiple brain regions is linked to hippocampal sclerosis of ageing","volume":"137","author":"Neltner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0000000000000153","article-title":"Cerebral cortical Abeta42 and PHF-tau in 325 consecutive brain autopsies stratified by diagnosis, location, and APOE","volume":"74","author":"Postupna","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib37","first-page":"125","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and blood-brain barrier dysfunction: an overview","volume":"2","author":"Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Pharmacovigil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib38","series-title":"The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery","author":"Reitan","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.113.132647","article-title":"Diabetes and elevated hemoglobin A1c levels are associated with brain hypometabolism but not amyloid accumulation","volume":"55","author":"Roberts","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.07.017","article-title":"Prospective study on the components of metabolic syndrome and the incidence of Parkinson's disease","volume":"21","author":"Saaksjarvi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-2300","article-title":"Glycemic status and brain injury in older individuals: the age gene\/environment susceptibility-Reykjavik study","volume":"32","author":"Saczynski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00143","article-title":"Brain alterations and clinical symptoms of dementia in diabetes: abeta\/tau-dependent and independent mechanisms","volume":"5","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21208","article-title":"Pathological correlates of dementia in a longitudinal, population-based sample of aging","volume":"62","author":"Sonnen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2008.579","article-title":"Different patterns of cerebral injury in dementia with or without diabetes","volume":"66","author":"Sonnen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f52db1","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are associated with increased neuritic plaques","volume":"75","author":"Sonnen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib46","series-title":"Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary","author":"Spreen","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610294001602","article-title":"The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI): a practical test for cross-cultural epidemiological studies of dementia","volume":"6","author":"Teng","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410300503","article-title":"Cerebral amyloid angiopathy without and with cerebral hemorrhages: a comparative histological study","volume":"30","author":"Vonsattel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib49","series-title":"WMS-R: Wechsler Memory Scale - Revised Manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04794.x","article-title":"Cerebrovascular pathology and dementia in autopsied Honolulu-Asia Aging Study participants","volume":"977","author":"White","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-008-0057-3","article-title":"Understanding hippocampal sclerosis in elderly: epidemiology, characterization, and diagnostic issues","volume":"8","author":"Zarow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090","article-title":"A\u00a0modified poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data","volume":"159","author":"Zou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["Neurobiology of Aging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0197458016301580?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0197458016301580?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T22:42:14Z","timestamp":1568241734000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0197458016301580"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0197458016301580"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-4580"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-4580","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Glucose levels during life and neuropathologic findings at autopsy among people never treated for diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neurobiology of Aging","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}