{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:07:11Z","timestamp":1790834831381,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013102","name":"Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CE140100007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE140100007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP140100266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP140100266"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FL110100103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FL110100103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT120100033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT120100033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T03:01:42Z","timestamp":1554778902000},"page":"41-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation to prefrontal areas is related to underlying cortical morphology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Hannah L.","family":"Filmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane E.","family":"Ehrhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason B.","family":"Mattingley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul E.","family":"Dux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1421435112","article-title":"Increasing propensity to mind-wander with transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"112","author":"Axelrod","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-016-1158-8","article-title":"On the relationship between response selection and response inhibition: an individual differences approach","volume":"78","author":"Bender","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atten. Percept. Psychophys."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191112446655","article-title":"Development of abbreviated nine-item forms of the Raven's standard progressive Matrices test","volume":"19","author":"Bilker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib4","article-title":"Increasing propensity to mind-wander by transcranial direct current stimulation? A registered report","author":"Boayue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612999","article-title":"Trial of electrical direct-current therapy versus escitalopram for depression","volume":"376","author":"Brunoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"N.\u00a0Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib6","series-title":"Biological Rhythms","first-page":"333","article-title":"Rhythms in performance","author":"Colquhoun","year":"1981"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.052","article-title":"Cortical thickness in primary sensorimotor cortex influences the effectiveness of paired associative stimulation","volume":"60","author":"Conde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.010","article-title":"Automatic parcellation of human cortical gyri and sulci using standard anatomical nomenclature","volume":"53","author":"Destrieux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4183","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0556-08.2008","article-title":"Neural measures of individual differences in selecting and tracking multiple moving objects","volume":"28","author":"Drew","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.11.009","article-title":"Isolation of a central bottleneck of information processing with time-resolved fMRI","volume":"52","author":"Dux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2014.08.003","article-title":"Applications of transcranial direct current stimulation for understanding brain function","author":"Filmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.02.012","article-title":"Accounting for individual differences in the response to tDCS with baseline levels of neurochemical excitability","author":"Filmer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib14","author":"Filmer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13075-y","article-title":"Anodal tDCS applied during multitasking training leads to transferable performance gains","volume":"7","author":"Filmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2013.08.015","article-title":"Improved multitasking following prefrontal tDCS","volume":"49","author":"Filmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2019-13.2013","article-title":"Disrupting prefrontal cortex prevents performance gains from sensory-motor training","volume":"33","author":"Filmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib18","article-title":"Improvements in attention and decision-making following combined behavioral training and brain stimulation","volume":"27","author":"Filmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00569-X","article-title":"Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain","volume":"33","author":"Fischl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0078-4","article-title":"Studying individual differences in human adolescent brain development","author":"Foulkes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu309","article-title":"Pretraining cortical thickness predicts subsequent perceptual learning rate in a visual search task","volume":"26","author":"Frank","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cerebr. Cortex"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14372","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1511423112","article-title":"Training conquers multitasking costs by dividing task representations in the frontoparietal-subcortical system","volume":"112","author":"Garner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Unit. States Am."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.026","article-title":"Functional and dysfunctional synaptic plasticity in prefrontal cortex: roles in psychiatric disorders","volume":"67","author":"Goto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32328","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32328","article-title":"Functional brain networks related to individual differences in human intelligence at rest","volume":"6","author":"Hearne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00002","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation: five important issues we aren't discussing (but probably should be)","volume":"8","author":"Horvath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib26","series-title":"2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)","first-page":"3072","article-title":"ROAST: an open-source, fully-automated, realistic volumetric-approach-based simulator for TES","author":"Huang","year":"2018"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2011.2138152","article-title":"Robust brain extraction across datasets and comparison with publicly available methods","volume":"30","author":"Iglesias","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.07.027","article-title":"Human parietal cortex structure predicts individual differences in perceptual rivalry","volume":"20","author":"Kanai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Biol.: Cailiao Baohu"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3000","article-title":"The structural basis of inter-individual differences in human behaviour and cognition","volume":"12","author":"Kanai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2014.01.054","article-title":"Inconsistent outcomes of transcranial direct current stimulation may originate from anatomical differences among individuals: electric field simulation using individual MRI data","volume":"564","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00181","article-title":"The contribution of interindividual factors to variability of response in transcranial direct current stimulation studies","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x","article-title":"Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"527","author":"Nitsche","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.01.033","article-title":"Determinants of the electric field during transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"109","author":"Opitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib34","series-title":"Non-invasive Human Brain Stimulation in Cognitive Neuroscience: A Primer","article-title":"September 2)","author":"Parkin","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1965.28.1.166","article-title":"Intracellular activities and evoked potential changes during polarization of motor cortex","volume":"28","author":"Purpura","year":"1965","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib36","series-title":"The Prefrontal Cortex: Executive and Cognitive Functions","author":"Roberts","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2706","article-title":"The surface area of human V1 predicts the subjective experience of object size","volume":"14","author":"Schwarzkopf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2018.03.003","article-title":"Interpreting and utilising intersubject variability in brain function","volume":"22","author":"Seghier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Cognit. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.01.069","article-title":"The role of GABA in human motor learning","volume":"21","author":"Stagg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5202","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4432-08.2009","article-title":"Polarity-sensitive modulation of cortical neurotransmitters by transcranial stimulation","volume":"29","author":"Stagg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.009","article-title":"Polarity and timing-dependent effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in explicit motor learning","volume":"49","author":"Stagg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00510.2012","article-title":"Biophysical determinants of transcranial magnetic stimulation: effects of excitability and depth of targeted area","volume":"109","author":"Stokes","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib44","series-title":"JASP","author":"Team","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.11.015","article-title":"False positives associated with responder\/non-responder analyses based on motor evoked potentials","volume":"12","author":"van de Ruit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3410-15.2016","article-title":"Prefrontal cortex structure predicts training-induced improvements in multitasking performance","volume":"36","author":"Verghese","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Neurosci."},{"issue":"6984","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02447","article-title":"Neural activity predicts individual differences in visual working memory capacity","volume":"428","author":"Vogel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1952.tb00322.x","article-title":"The \u201cpsychological refractory period\u201d and the timing of high-speed performance-a review and a theory","volume":"43","author":"Welford","year":"1952","journal-title":"British J. Psychol. General Section"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib49","first-page":"468","article-title":"Variability in response to transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex","volume":"7","author":"Wiethoff","year":"2014","journal-title":"BR"},{"issue":"2018","key":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026_bib50","first-page":"1504014","article-title":"Does tDCS over prefrontal cortex improve episodic memory retrieval? Potential importance of time of day","volume":"17588928","author":"Wong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cogn. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["NeuroImage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105381191930312X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105381191930312X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T15:37:18Z","timestamp":1762357038000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S105381191930312X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S105381191930312X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8119","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation to prefrontal areas is related to underlying cortical morphology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"NeuroImage","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.04.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}