{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T13:13:31Z","timestamp":1778591611304,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neuromodulationjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T14:05:43Z","timestamp":1743429943000},"page":"757-766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transcutaneous Neuromodulation Promotes Functional Regeneration of the External Urethral Sphincter Neural Circuitry in Two Models of Nerve Lesion in Female Rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0448-2628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05397-x","article-title":"An International Continence Society (ICS)\/ International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) joint report on the terminology for the assessment and management of obstetric pelvic floor disorders","volume":"34","author":"Doumouchtsis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2018.1543263","article-title":"The prevalence of urinary incontinence","volume":"22","author":"Milsom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12852","article-title":"The impact of urinary incontinence on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a real-world population of women aged 45-60 years: results from a survey in France, Germany, the UK and the USA","volume":"115","author":"Abrams","year":"2015","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.07.051","article-title":"Risk factors for urinary incontinence among middle-aged women","volume":"194","author":"Danforth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16499-6_3","article-title":"Animal models of stress urinary incontinence","volume":"202","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1884","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01071.2004","article-title":"Effect of vaginal distension on blood flow and hypoxia of urogenital organs of the female rat","volume":"98","author":"Damaser","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20632","article-title":"Dual simulated childbirth injuries result in slowed recovery of pudendal nerve and urethral function","volume":"28","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2002.02918.x","article-title":"Effects of vaginal distension on urethral anatomy and function","volume":"90","author":"Cannon","year":"2002","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01200-x","article-title":"Time course for urethral neuromuscular reestablishment and its facilitated recovery by transcutaneous neuromodulation after simulated birth trauma in rats","volume":"11","author":"Palacios","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1065","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00417.2015","article-title":"Neuroanatomic and behavioral correlates of urinary dysfunction induced by vaginal distension in rats","volume":"310","author":"Palacios","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12020128","article-title":"Comparing the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA, sacral neuromodulation, and peripheral tibial nerve stimulation as third line treatment for the management of overactive bladder symptoms in adults: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F239","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00235.2012","article-title":"Effects of acute selective pudendal nerve electrical stimulation after simulated childbirth injury","volume":"304","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1555","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00431.2017","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve promotes neuroregeneration and functional recovery from stress urinary incontinence in a rat model","volume":"315","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.01.094","article-title":"Quantification of neurological and other contributors to continence in female rats","volume":"1382","author":"Jiang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.07.046","article-title":"Pattern of sensory innervation of the perineal skin in the female rat","volume":"1024","author":"Cruz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3120","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23079","article-title":"Neural pathways of somatic and visceral reflexes of the external urethral sphincter in female rats","volume":"520","author":"Pastel\u00edn","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2017.1279817","article-title":"Genital nerve stimulation is tolerable and effective for bladder inhibition in sensate individuals with incomplete SCI","volume":"41","author":"Brose","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22561","article-title":"Long-term effects of simulated childbirth injury on function and innervation of the urethra","volume":"34","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2017.12.001","article-title":"Response of macrophages in rat skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise","volume":"21","author":"Zuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R832","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00797.2009","article-title":"Regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration by CCR2-activating chemokines is directly related to macrophage recruitment","volume":"299","author":"Martinez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.10029","article-title":"Motor pudendal nerve characterization in the female rat","volume":"266","author":"Kane","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199311000-00046","article-title":"Effects of acute graded strain on efferent conduction properties in the rabbit tibial nerve","volume":"296","author":"Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2012.05.005","article-title":"Specificity of peripheral nerve regeneration: interactions at the axon level","volume":"98","author":"Allodi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6445","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-10-06445.1995","article-title":"Axotomy-induced axonal degeneration is mediated by calcium influx through ion-specific channels","volume":"15","author":"George","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2011.02.011","article-title":"Wallerian degeneration and peripheral nerve conditions for both axonal regeneration and neuropathic pain induction","volume":"193","author":"Dubov\u00fd","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-8-109","article-title":"Wallerian degeneration: the innate-immune response to traumatic nerve injury","volume":"8","author":"Rotshenker","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci3031182","article-title":"Repair of the peripheral nerve-remyelination that works","volume":"3","author":"Fex Svennigsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/651625","article-title":"Cyclic AMP signaling: a molecular determinant of peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"2014","author":"Knott","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04066.x","article-title":"The ability of axons to regenerate their growth cones depends on axonal type and age, and is regulated by calcium, cAMP and ERK","volume":"21","author":"Chierzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1988.tb00884.x","article-title":"Schwann cell responses during regeneration after one or more crush injuries to myelinated nerve fibres","volume":"14","author":"Ohara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6631","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-15-06631.2002","article-title":"Electrical stimulation promotes motoneuron regeneration without increasing its speed or conditioning the neuron","volume":"22","author":"Brushart","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480140607","article-title":"Increased regeneration rate in peripheral nerve axons following double lesions: enhancement of the conditioning lesion phenomenon","volume":"14","author":"Bisby","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4381","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.01341.x","article-title":"Electrical stimulation accelerates and increases expression of BDNF and trkB mRNA in regenerating rat femoral motoneurons","volume":"12","author":"Al-Majed","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12121856","article-title":"The effect of electrical stimulation on nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve injury","volume":"12","author":"Juckett","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2602","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-07-02602.2000","article-title":"Brief electrical stimulation promotes the speed and accuracy of motor axonal regeneration","volume":"20","author":"Al-Majed","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3900480","article-title":"Increases in clitoral and vaginal blood flow following clitoral and pelvic plexus nerve stimulations in the female rat","volume":"12","author":"Vachon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1044","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00175.2006","article-title":"Serotonergic drugs and spinal cord transections indicate that different spinal circuits are involved in external urethral sphincter activity in rats","volume":"292","author":"Chang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1207","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00255.2014","article-title":"Somatomotor and sensory urethral control of micturition in female rats","volume":"307","author":"Cruz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1307","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00088.2005","article-title":"Sexually dimorphic micturition in rats: relationship of perineal muscle activity to voiding pattern","volume":"289","author":"Cruz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20229","article-title":"External urethral sphincter activity in a rat model of pudendal nerve injury","volume":"25","author":"Peng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1196","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00343.2012","article-title":"Comparison of neural targets for neuromodulation of bladder micturition reflex in the rat","volume":"303","author":"Su","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Ren Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349.2010.526188","article-title":"Prevalence of postpartum urinary incontinence: a systematic review","volume":"89","author":"Thom","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001414","article-title":"Overactive bladder in late pregnancy to 1 year after first vaginal delivery","volume":"30","author":"Hendrickson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urogynecology (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192114035","article-title":"Perspectives on the therapeutic effects of pelvic floor electrical stimulation: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Sarmento","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fruro.2024.1352701","article-title":"Efficacy and sex-specific outcomes after six episodes of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation treatment on overactive bladder syndrome symptoms","volume":"4","author":"Perez\u2212Martinez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Urol"}],"container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715925000558?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715925000558?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T12:44:56Z","timestamp":1778589896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1094715925000558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1094715925000558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-7159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-7159","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transcutaneous Neuromodulation Promotes Functional Regeneration of the External Urethral Sphincter Neural Circuitry in Two Models of Nerve Lesion in Female Rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.02.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 International Neuromodulation Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}