{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T18:22:07Z","timestamp":1794248527188,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["neuromodulationjournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T13:11:27Z","timestamp":1773407487000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Tunneling on Lead Migration in Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7157-7993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ovie","family":"Enaohwo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saba","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib1","article-title":"Chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain in U.S. adults, 2023","author":"Lucas","year":"2024","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003406","article-title":"Chronic pain in European adult populations: a systematic review of prevalence and associated clinical features","volume":"166","author":"Rometsch","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3117","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S521788","article-title":"Consensus guidelines from the American Society of Pain and Neuroscience for the use of 60-day peripheral nerve stimulation therapy. A NEURON living guideline project","volume":"18","author":"Gill","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S475527","article-title":"The American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN) guidelines and consensus on the definition, current evidence, clinical use and future applications for physiologic closed-loop controlled neuromodulation in chronic pain: a NEURON group project","volume":"18","author":"Pope","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S364370","article-title":"Best practices for dorsal root ganglion stimulation for chronic pain: guidelines from the American Society of Pain and Neuroscience","volume":"16","author":"Chapman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3729","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S386879","article-title":"The American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN) evidence-based clinical guideline of interventional treatments for low back pain","volume":"15","author":"Sayed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib7","series-title":"Pain","first-page":"373","article-title":"Depolarization in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia","author":"Shelden","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10010018","article-title":"Peripheral nerve stimulation: the evolution in pain medicine","volume":"10","author":"Abd-Elsayed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnaa165","article-title":"History of peripheral nerve stimulation-update for the 21st century","volume":"21","author":"Ottestad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S409158","article-title":"Birds of a feather redux: defining ways to stimulate the peripheral nervous system","volume":"16","author":"Deer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib17","first-page":"E131","article-title":"Peripheral nerve stimulation in pain management: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-024-00659-6","article-title":"Peripheral nerve stimulation for neuropathic pain management: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Mao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.13052","article-title":"Lead migration and fracture rate in dorsal root ganglion stimulation using anchoring and non-anchoring techniques: a multicenter pooled data analysis","volume":"21","author":"Chapman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.3390\/app11094257","article-title":"Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) as a rehabilitation approach for reducing mixed chronic pain in patients with musculoskeletal disorders","volume":"11","author":"de Sire","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnv025","article-title":"Complications of spinal cord stimulation and peripheral nerve stimulation techniques: a review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Eldabe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-021-00306-4","article-title":"Peripheral nerve stimulation for chronic pain: a systematic review of effectiveness and safety","volume":"10","author":"Helm","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-021-00298-1","article-title":"Peripheral nerve stimulation: a review of techniques and clinical efficacy","volume":"10","author":"Kaye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.25259\/SNI_158_2021","article-title":"An unusual case of lead migration in occipital nerve stimulation: a case report and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Caiado Vencio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"}],"container-title":["Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715926000139?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1094715926000139?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T17:41:34Z","timestamp":1794246094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1094715926000139"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["S1094715926000139"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-7159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-7159","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of Tunneling on Lead Migration in Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: A Retrospective Cohort Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurom.2026.01.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 International Neuromodulation Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}